Age of Reason, The

, 95

Age of revolutions

, 119–125

Agencourt

, 89–90

American Revolution

, 121–122, 124, 127

Ancient Greece

, 38

Anglicanism

, 113–114

Anthropologists

, 25

Aquinas

, 57–58, 61

Archaeologists

, 3, 25

Articles of War approach

, 92, 95–96, 98–99, 110

Atrocity crime

, 2–3

Battle-readiness

, 45–46

Berdache

, 24

Big Men

, 22

Blue Book

, 123–124

Book of Deuteronomy

, 28

Bureaucracies

, 91–92

Burglary

, 80–81

Canon law

, 52

Capital

crimes

, 80–81

punishment

, 80–81

Capitularies

, 53

Captives

, 34

Case adjudication

, 52

Catholic Christianity

, 68

Catholic Church

, 55, 101

interventions

, 17

Catholic Holy Roman Empire

, 107

Catholic ideology

, 93–94

Centurion

, 39–40

Ceremonies

, 32

Chariot Wars period, The

, 26–27, 30–31

of massed warfare

, 26–31

Cheyenne, The

, 23–24

Children

, 16

Chimpanzee troops

, 11

Chivalric honor

, 89

Chivalric values

, 72

Chivalry

, 61–63, 66, 68, 75

decline of

, 71–73

manuals

, 79–80, 88

principles of

, 76

Christian Church

, 63

Christian slaves

, 54–55

Christian tradition

, 57

Christianity

, 56

Church

chivalry

, 61–66

confederation of cousins

, 66–71

decline of chivalry

, 71–73

early Christianity

, 57–74

logic

, 57

role of

, 56–74

socio-economic transformations and rise of mercantilism

, 73–74

Treuga Dei

, 60–61

Code of Hammurabi, The

, 29

Collective violence

, 11

Commoners

, 77

Community

, 95

Community of nations

, 17–18

Congress

, 123

Containment theory

, 98–99

Continental Army, The

, 121–122

Continental Congress, The

, 121–123

Corpus Juris Civilis

, 44–45

Coup practices

, 25

Court marshalling

, 121–122

Court of Chivalry

, 77

Cousins, confederation of

, 66–71

Criminologists

, 6–7

Criminology of war

, 6–7

Crown courts

, 9–10

Cultural materialist approach

, 25

De Chivalerie

, 66

Decimation

, 45

Deuteronomy

, 2

Disciplinary ordinances

, 85–86

Discipline

, 45–46

Dishonorable dischargees

, 44–45

Dragoons

, 97–98

Early Medieval World, The

new international order

, 55–56

post-Roman Europe

, 52–56

role of church

, 56–74

Early Modern period

, 96

English army, The

, 87, 90–91

English law

, 76

Enslavement

, 28

European ancestry

, 120–121

European armed forces

, 129

European life

, 49

Evolutionary psychologists

, 20–21

External social controls

, 98–99

Farmers

, 13

Feudalism

, 61–62, 74

First international war crimes trial

, 92–94

Formal law

, 8–9

Formal social control

, 98–99

Formalization of sanction application

, 7

Fourteenth-century ordinances

, 77–82

French forces

, 69

French revolutions

, 127

Gate-lope

, 110–111

Genoa Ordinances, The

, 96–97

Genocide

, 2–3

Genocide Convention (1948)

, 16

Ghosts

, 22

Grand Valley Dani of Papua New Guinea

, 21

Great Plains

, 23

Greek commanders

, 35

Hastate

, 39–40

Hebraic law

, 2–3

Hemaneh

, 25

Henry V’s army

, 86–87

Holy Roman Empire (HRE)

, 105–107, 113, 115

Homo sapiens

, 4–5

Homo sapiens sapiens

, 11, 20

Honorable discharge

, 44–45

Horticulturalists

, 8–9

Hospitality rules

, 68–69

Humanitarian

, 108–109

Humanity

, 120–121

Humans

, 4–5

Hundred Years War, The

, 91–92

Hypocrisy

, 77

Institutions

, 4–18

Intercommunity violence

, 10

Internal Humanitarian Law

, 106

Internalization

, 98–99

International brotherhood of knights

, 75

International Court of Justice (ICJ)

, 15

International Criminal Court (ICC)

, 7, 14–15, 115–116

International criminal justice

, 57–58

International Criminal Law (ICL)

, 14–15, 121, 124–125

International Humanitarian Law (IHL)

, 7, 14–15, 17–18, 95, 121

International Military Tribunal

, 116

International relations

, 115–116

Intra-camp theft order (Henry)

, 84–85

Jewish forces

, 2

Jewish residents

, 54–55

King Gustave Adolphus I and Swedish intervention

, 106–114

Large-scale monocropping

, 47–48

Late medieval world, the

first international war crimes trial

, 92–94

fourteenth-century ordinances

, 77–82

Henry V

, 82–90

Salisbury ordinances

, 90–92

Law

, 3–4, 10, 18, 95, 98–99

Law of Nations

age of revolutions

, 119–125

creation of

, 114–119

King Gustave Adolphus I and Swedish intervention

, 106–114

thirty years war

, 105–106

Tudor articles of war

, 99–104

Westphalia and creation

, 114–119

Laws of war

, 5–6

approach

, 96

idea of

, 14–15

League of Nations

, 115–116

Legal resolution process

, 93–94

Legal texts

, 79–80

Literary concept of chivalry

, 98–99

Malingerers

, 43–44

Mantes ordinances (Henry)

, 83–84

Mercantilism, socio-economic transformations and rise of

, 73–74

Merciless Parliament of 1388

, 76–77

Middle Ages, The

, 51, 82

Military discharge

, 44–45

Military Europe

, 124

Military Law

, 40, 42–43, 116–117

Military technology

, 69

Misthos

, 33

Moderate conservatives

, 6

Modern Wars

age of revolutions

, 119–125

King Gustave Adolphus I and Swedish intervention

, 106–114

thirty years war

, 105–106

Tudor articles of war

, 99–104

Westphalia and Creation of “Law of Nations”

, 114–119

Monopolization of violence

, 8–10

Muster system

, 70–71

Nation-States

, 2

Nations

, 2

Natural Law

, 95

New World

, 94

Noncombatants

, 16

Norms

, 4–18

Nüer cattle raids

, 20

Nuremberg Military Tribunal

, 116

Old Testament

, 28

Open war

, 32

Organization of African States

, 8

Oriflame

, 111–112

Pan troglodytes

, 11, 20–21

Pan troglodytes paniscus

, 11

Papacy

, 113

Pax Dei

, 59–60

Pax movements

, 59

Peloponnesian War

, 38

Penitential manuals

, 69–70

Penitential of Theodore, The

, 58–59

Physical anthropologists

, 20–21

Pitched battles

, 26–27

Plataeans

, 36

Plunder

, 34

Political system

, 61–62

Pope, The

, 58

Positive Law

, 17–18, 95

Post-Carolingian Europe

, 56–57

Post-Roman Europe

, 52, 55–56

Pragmatism

, 58–59

Principes

, 39–40

Procedural law

, 4–5

Property

, 16–17

Raids

, 10, 22–23

Rape

, 80–81

Rebellions

, 119–120

Red Cross Convention (1864)

, 14–15

Regimental army organization

, 111–112

Republic era

, 45–46

Roman army

, 39–40, 42

regulations

, 47

Roman battle tactics

, 45

Roman codes

, 53

Roman Empire

, 2–3, 52–53

Roman law

, 2–3, 52–53

Roman manuals

, 80–81

Roman military

, 49

laws

, 38

Roman model

, 54

Roman practice of decimation

, 110

Roman Republican rules

, 78–79

Roman virtus

, 42–43

Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (1999)

, 16

Salisbury ordinances

, 90–92

Scottish forces

, 81–82

Scottish National Covenant

, 113–114

Second doctrinal innovation

, 97–98

Semi-humanitarian rules

, 128–129

Sieges

, 26–27

Social bonds

, 120

Social control mechanism

, 108–109

Social scientists

, 6

Socially analogous harms

, 6–7

Socio-economic transformations and rise of mercantilism

, 73–74

Sovereign

, 28–29

Spartans

, 36

military aggression

, 36

Street gang wars

, 20

Substantive law

, 4–5

Summa Theologica

, 57–58

Swedish Army of Gustav Adolphus, The

, 126

Swedish intervention, King Gustave Adolphus I and

, 106–114

Swedish troops

, 112

Thirty Years War

, 113–114

Thucydides

, 33, 37

Treason Trials, The

, 76–77

Treaty of Westphalia, The

, 114, 116

Trespass

, 70

Treuga Dei

, 60–61

Triarii

, 39–40

Tribal warfare

, 10–11

Troops

, 90–91

Tudor Articles of War

, 99–104

Twentieth-century ethnologists

, 3

Union army

, 7

United Nations

, 115–116

US Colonial army

, 45–46

US Colonial rebellion

, 121

US labor market

, 10

US-based historical fiction

, 121

Vagrancy

, 74

Violence

, 11, 32

monopolization of

, 8, 10, 93–94

Violent extortion

, 114–115

Visigoth code

, 53

Visigoth law

, 53–54

Visigothic code

, 17, 55

Warfare

, 19–20

existential problem of war and constraint as solution

, 10–13

idea of laws of war

, 14–15

key areas of concern

, 15–16

law, norms, institutions, and values

, 4–18

monopolization of violence

, 8–10

plan of book

, 17–18

Warrior caste, controlling

, 61–66

Wars

, 3, 10–13, 41–42, 57, 95, 120

chariot war period and beginning of massed warfare

, 26–31

crimes

, 2–3, 70

earliest warfare

, 20–26

Greece

, 31–38

Weaponry

, 97

Westphalia

, 114–119

Xenophon

, 35

approach

, 35

Xymologists

, 6–7