Subject Index

Language, Teaching, and Pedagogy for Refugee Education

ISBN: 978-1-78714-800-0, eISBN: 978-1-78714-799-7

ISSN: 2055-3641

Publication date: 2 January 2019

This content is currently only available as a PDF

Citation

(2019), "Subject Index", Sengupta, E. and Blessinger, P. (Ed.) Language, Teaching, and Pedagogy for Refugee Education (Innovations in Higher Education Teaching and Learning, Vol. 15), Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 209-219. https://doi.org/10.1108/S2055-364120180000015019

Publisher

:

Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2019 Emerald Publishing Limited


INDEX

Note: Page numbers followed by “n” with numbers indicate notes.

Academic support
, 70, 71, 164, 172

Academic Welcome Programme for highly qualified refugees
, 96–97, 102

Access

to education
, 112, 183–184

to technology
, 128

Accessible materials
, 116–117

Active Community Engagement Model (ACEM)
, 63

Activism
, 103, 143

“Acts of citizenship”
, 143, 145

Adults group
, 48

Advice seeking
, 102

Affected, populations
, 158–160

Agency
, 32

Agency-unlocking role
, 38

Altruist reasons
, 98

Anonymity
, 146

Applied Linguistics School
, 45

Apps
, 134, 135

Arabic-speaking refugees

addressing educational needs of refugees with disability
, 111–112

applying universal design to education of displaced people with disabilities
, 120–122

building model of delivery
, 114

delivery platform
, 114–118

education delivery and displaced learners
, 113

inclusion through universal design
, 118–120

needs
, 110–111

Aspirations
, 32, 38

frustrated
, 36

interplay of conversion factors and agency in
, 33

persistent
, 35–36

powerful
, 34–35

resigned
, 32–34

Assistance
, 111

Assistive technology
, 120

Asylum seekers
, 29, 182, 187, 188

permit
, 29

Asylum seekers’ permit
, 29–30

Asylum-seeking students’ experience of higher education
, 24

findings
, 22–25

research participants
, 19–20

researcher involvement
, 20–22

RIES
, 18

ATBar tool
, 114, 120

Authoring tools
, 116

Availability
, 166–169

Barriers to cultural integration
, 68

Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills (BICS)
, 93

Begegnungen schaffen
, 97

Benchmark assessments
, 165

Best practices for literacy programming
, 81–83

Bicultural identity
, 72n3

Biliteracy, teaching importance of
, 84

Blended learning approach
, 164–166

Blended Visa Office Referrals (BVOR)
, 72n1

Book Aid International Program
, 82

Borderless world of education for refugees

alternative route
, 184–185

challenges
, 183–184

distance education
, 185–186

European governments
, 182–183

opportunities for refugees
, 187

UoPeople
, 186–187

Bracketing
, 21, 22

British Home Office
, 145

British immigration policy
, 17

Café Milena
, 94, 102

Calais refugee camp in context
, 144–145

Camps
, 128, 144

residents
, 150

Campzenship
, 143

Canada

admission policy for GARs
, 61

Canadian education system
, 64

Canadian school system
, 63

federal government
, 62

integration goals
, 61

refugee system
, 72n1

Capabilities approach (CA)
, 30–31

Capabilities-selection role
, 38

Capability disadvantage
, 37

Captioning
, 115

Care4Calais
, 145

Carey Center for Learning in Practice (CLiP)
, 117, 118

Carey Institute for Global Good
, 117

Central Methodist Church (CMC)
, 32

Children group
, 48

“Citizen from below” concept
, 143

Citizen journalism
, 145–146

Civil society
, 92, 94–95, 103

“Clandestine”
, 18

Classrooms
, 132

Co-teaching model
, 165

Code-switching techniques
, 174

Coevaluation
, 51

Cognitive Academic Language Skills (CALP)
, 93

Cohesiveness
, 146

Cohort selection
, 167

College for America degree (CfA degree)
, 160, 162–164

model of direct assessment
, 175n4

Committee representatives
, 63

Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR)
, 96

Common Underlying Principle
, 84

Communication
, 47, 49, 51

skills
, 147

Communicative approach to language teaching
, 46, 50, 51

Communicative competence
, 46

Communicative functions
, 49

Communicative interaction
, 52

Communicative needs
, 47

Community Development & Community Radio
, 146

Community radio
, 142, 148, 152

Competency
, 175n4

Competency-based degree
, 161–164

Competency-based education
, 175n5

Components

didactic
, 49–50

of digital literacy development
, 132

effective post-secondary pathway program
, 69–70

school-wide literacy programs
, 79, 81

Comprehension
, 85

skills
, 86

Conception
, 23

Conceptualization
, 28

Connected learning
, 172

Context-sensitive support
, 166–169

Context-specific interventions
, 159

Contextualized didactics
, 46

Conventional “durable solutions”
, 170

Conversion factors
, 31

Correspondence theory
, 174

Cosmopolitan vision
, 103

Course of project phases
, 95, 96

by German language teachers and learners
, 97–102

language courses
, 96–97

supervision
, 97

two-day training
, 95

Cross-cultural learning
, 152

Cross-cultural learning space
, 151

Cultural asset preservation
, 65–66

Cultural assimilation
, 66, 68, 70

Cultural diversity
, 65, 66, 70

Cultural integration
, 70

barriers to
, 68

of GARs
, 60–61

Cultural knowledge
, 86

Cultural preservation
, 65, 66

Cultural retention
, 47

Cultural sharing
, 47

Curriculum
, 118

Data collection methods
, 148

Data tables
, 115

Decoding
, 85

Degree
, 164

competency-based
, 161–164

Delivery partners
, 117

building capacity in
, 117–118

Delivery platform
, 114

accessible materials
, 116–117

authoring tools
, 116

building capacity in delivery partners
, 117–118

delivery partners
, 117

hardware devices
, 114–115

LMS
, 115–116

Democratic model
, 186

Deportation policies
, 184

Design-for-all criteria
, 120

Designing learning materials
, 119

Determination
, 32

Developing Didactics
, 46

Didactic laws
, 52

Didactic materials
, 51

Didactic principles
, 52

Digital approaches
, 112, 113

Digital divide
, 171

Digital learning
, 114

Digital literacy
, (see also Literacy), 126, 129

challenges in
, 132–133

components
, 132

using digital technology to promoting language learning
, 129–132

importance of
, 129

language skills
, 130

Digital media
, 126, 149

Digital online employment
, 171

Digital platform
, 142

Digital societies, transitions to
, 129

Digital stories
, 135

Direct assessment model
, 163

Disability
, 111

addressing educational needs of refugees with
, 111–112

Disadvantage

capability
, 37

income-based understandings of
, 36–37

perspective
, 36–38

Discretionary funding
, 168

Discrimination
, 77, 175

Displaced learners
, 113

Displaced people
, 182, 183

Disruption of education
, 184

Distance education
, 185–186

Diverse factors
, 36

eAccessibility
, 120

Economic growth
, 44

Economic integration

capacity
, 64–65

of GARs
, 60–61

Education
, 38, 45, 61, 62, 78, 110, 170, 183

delivery
, 113

disruption of
, 184

pathway
, 63, 69–71, 185

in refugee settings
, 79

technology in
, 184–185

Educational aspirations
, 30–31

formation from disadvantage perspective
, 36–38

Educational models in resettlement countries
, 128

Educative opportunities
, 45

eInclusion
, 120

Emergency Refugee Scholarship fund
, 187

Emergent readers
, 130

Empirical-analytical method
, 48

Employment
, 170

connections
, 164

pathways
, 163, 166, 169, 171

Engagement
, 98, 101

English language
, 48

teaching-learning process to refugees
, 51

English language Literacy Program
, 48

English lessons
, 48

English Literature
, 146

English speaking country
, 54

Environmental conversion factor
, 31

Environmental protection
, 44

Equality of opportunity
, 47

Equitable use
, 120

Esmeraldas Campus
, 45

Ethnic capital
, 67

Ethno-centric outlook
, 21

“Ethno-relative” outlook
, 21

European migration policy
, 143

European Refugee Crisis
, 92

European Union (EU)
, 120, 183

Experiences pre-resettlement
, 128

External factors
, 32

Facebook
, 142, 145, 148, 149

Feedback systems
, 166

Female refugees
, 94

Financial constraints
, 32

Financial support
, 70

First language fluency
, 65

First-generation refugees
, 70

Flexibility in use
, 120

Focus or tab order
, 115

Forced migration
, 158, 160

Formal schooling
, 113

gaps in
, 76

Formal writing tools
, 87

Formalized professional development
, 166

“Fortress Europe”
, 92

Foundational literacy knowledge
, 84–85

Freedom in teaching-learning process
, 52

French Authorities’ approach
, 144

Frustrated aspirations
, 28, 36

Gender equity
, 161

Gender inequity
, 167

German language teachers, data on
, 98–100

Global communication networks
, 185

Global Education Movement model (GEM model)
, 160, 164, 166, 170

Global South
, 28

Goethe University Frankfurt
, 93, 94

Goethe University Law Clinic
, 95

Government-assisted refugees (GARs)
, 60

critical challenges to full GAR integration
, 66–68

economic and cultural integration of
, 60–61

juxtaposition of Canada’s integration goals and humanitarian admission policy
, 61

leveraging potential of young GARs
, 64–66

post-secondary access challenges facing by Karen GARs
, 62–64

post-secondary institutions as integration catalyst
, 62

recommendations empowering pre-teen GAR arrivals
, 68–70

support for pathway approach
, 70–71

Grassroots organizations
, 145

Group work theory
, 151–152

Handicap International
, 110, 111

Hardware devices
, 114–115

Hearing
, 111

HelpAge International
, 110

Hermeneutic method
, 48

Heteroevaluation
, 51

Higher education

as alternative displacement solution
, 170–171

asylum-seeking students’ experience of
, 18–25

culture
, 67–68

model
, 169–170

technology-supported
, 171

US higher education
, 159

Historical-cultural approach
, 47

to language teaching
, 55

Holiday Time program
, 153

Hope Show
, 150–151

Host community
, 184

Human development, mean for
, 38–39

Humanism in didactic process
, 52

Humanistic theory
, 46

Humanitarian admission policy
, 61

Hybrid agency
, 136

Ideas Box Program, The
, 82

Illiterate
, 37, 50, 54, 61, 77

Immigration Act
, 29

Immigration Policy (UK)
, 17, 61, 104

In-person facilitation
, 164

Inclusion through universal design
, 118–120

Inclusive societies
, 44

“Income-based” understandings of disadvantage
, 36–37

Individual agency
, 32

Individual development
, 183

Individual freedom
, 47

Info Bus, The
, 148

Informal refugee camps
, 145, 152

Information and communication technology (ICT)
, 115, 184

Instruction efforts in US classrooms
, 132

Integrated digital platform
, 149

Integration

by language learning
, 93

process
, 61

Intensive courses
, 96–97, 99

Intensive in-person bridging program
, 165

Intensive summer literacy camp
, 80

Inter-psychological sphere of learning
, 52

International and US refugee resettlement programs
, 78

International English Language Testing System (IELTS)
, 175n3

Internet
, 129

Internships
, 169

Intra-psychological one
, 52

“Iteme” program
, 177

Journalism
, 146

Jungala Radio
, 142–143, 148–149, 152

Jungle Books Library
, 146–147

Karen community
, 66, 67

Karen GARs
, 61, 66

post-secondary access challenges facing by
, 62–64

Karen parents
, 63, 66, 67

Karen refugees
, 63, 67

Karen Women Organization (KWO)
, 82

Karen youth
, 63

Kepler University Program
, 160

Kepler’s model
, 166, 175n10

Kigali-based cohorts
, 167

Kiziba refugee camp
, 167

Kurdish refugee camp in Sweden
, 81

Kwantlen Polytechnic University (KPU)
, 63

Labor market
, 93

Language courses
, 96–97

Language education for refugees
, 93

Language Experience approach
, 136

Language issues
, 174

Language learners

data on
, 100

digital literacy
, 129–133

experiences pre-resettlement
, 128

mobile-assisted language learning
, 133–136

technology in
, 126–128

transitions to digital societies
, 129

Language learning
, 93, 184

using digital technology to promoting
, 129–132

Language proficiency
, 129

Language skills
, 19, 60, 65, 66, 68, 93, 97, 121, 130

Laws

didactic
, 52

sovereign
, 143

Learners
, 86

Learning

needs-based teaching
, 52

programs for refugee camps
, 80–81

Learning management system (LMS)
, 115–116

Learning under duress
, 76–77

Liberating theory
, 47

Linguistic landscapes
, 130

Linguistics School
, 48

Linking project
, 45, 48

Literacy
, (see also Digital literacy), 76

assessment of school-wide literacy programming components
, 79

best practices for literacy programming
, 81–83

comprehension
, 85–86

current state of refugees
, 77–78

education programming in refugee settings
, 76

education under duress
, 77

encouraging creation of texts
, 86–87

foundational literacy knowledge
, 84–85

hypothesized challenges and possibilities
, 83

recommendations for literacy programs in refugee settings
, 83–87

refugee literacy education
, 78–81

sample existing literacy programs for refugees
, 82

teaching importance of L1 literacy and value of biliteracy
, 84

Livelihoods
, 170

Local Area Network device
, 163

Long-term need
, 182

Low agency
, 36

Low physical effort
, 121

Ludic Methodology
, 49, 50

Mainstream media
, 145–146

Malta (European country)
, 20–21, 23

Marginalized migrant youth in Johannesburg, South Africa
, 28, 30

aspirations
, 32–36

capabilities, educational aspirations, and
, 30–31

contextual orientation
, 28–30

educational aspirations formation from disadvantage perspective
, 36–38

educational policy landscape
, 30

mean for human development
, 38–39

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs theory
, 147

Massive Open Online Course (MOOC)
, 128, 159, 165, 171

MOOC-based learning platform
, 172

MCAST
, 19, 21, 22

Meaningful learning
, 55

Media
, 183

Mental health
, 24

Mentorship
, 35

Meritocratic model
, 186

Methodology

Ludic Methodology
, 49–51

to teach occupations-based English to refugees
, 52–55

Microsoft AppFactory
, 170

Migrant(s)
, 18, 29–30, 30, 33, 37–38, 110, 144, 182–183

Migration
, 29

forced
, 158, 160

South-to-South
, 28, 37

Miracle Street Bus
, 148

Mixed gender preparatory program
, 167

Mobile technology
, 129, 134, 185, 186

Mobile-assisted language learning
, 133

tapping into mobile technologies as tools for language learning
, 134–136

Moment of learning
, 47–48

Mother tongue
, 50, 53, 54, 112

Motivation
, 35, 45, 51

Multiculturalism
, 47

Multiple studies
, 93

Myanmar Scholarship Fund
, 187

National Reading Panel (NRP)
, 86

Native language literacy (L1 literacy), teaching importance of
, 84

Neurobiological studies
, 78

New German Willkommenskultur
, 92–93

New York Declaration
, 76

New York University (NYU)
, 186

NGO Help Refugees
, 144

1951 Convention
, 177

No Lost Generation Summit in Amman
, 114

Non-English speaking Karen parents
, 66

Non-government organizations
, 78

Non-governmental organization (NGO)
, 160

Nonformal schooling
, 113

NVDA tool
, 120

Occupation-based didactic model

communicative approach to language teaching
, 46

didactic components
, 49–51

didactic laws
, 52

didactic materials
, 51

didactic principles
, 52

methodology to teaching
, 52–55

methods
, 48

pedagogical theories
, 46–48

previous studies
, 48

results of educative investigation
, 49

sustainable development
, 44

teaching English for occupational purposes
, 45–46

to teaching English to refugees
, 49–52

Online communities
, 185

Online degrees
, 163, 188

Online education
, 159, 160, 185–186

Online games
, 131

Online learning
, 164

limitations
, 171–173

Online-delivery model
, 114

Online-learning programs
, 173–174

Online-only learning
, 159–160, 172

Open-source software
, 149

Opportunities

educative
, 45

for refugees
, 187

remote-based employment
, 169

remote-based
, 169

Parcel-based education
, (see Online education)

Participation
, 152–153

Participatory action research (PAR)
, 142, 146

Partner-based blended learning model
, 160

Partnership for Advancement and Immersion of Refugees (PAIR)
, 71

Partnership model
, 164–166

Pedagogical theories
, 46–48

People smuggling
, 144

Perceptible information
, 121

Perceptions of teachers of adult refugee learners
, 80

Persistent aspirations
, 28, 35–36

Personal computer (PC)
, 113

Personal conversion factor
, 31

Personal factors
, 32

Personal tragedy stories
, 145

Phonemic awareness
, 85

Phonics
, 85

Physical disability
, 111

Policy

admission policy for GARs
, 61

British immigration policy
, 17

European migration policy
, 143

humanitarian admission policy
, 61

Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador
, 45

Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador, Esmeraldas Campus
, 45, 48

Post-secondary access challenges facing by Karen GARs
, 62–64

Post-secondary education
, 61, 62, 72n2

Post-secondary institutions as integration catalyst
, 62

Post-secondary pathway program
, 69–70

Post-secondary representatives
, 69

Potential unemployment
, 23

Poverty
, 23

Powerful aspirations
, 28, 34–35

Pre-teen GAR arrivals
, 68

recommendations empowering
, 68–70

Pre-teen youth
, 64, 66

“Preparatory” program
, 167, 177

Principal
, 29, 81

Principles

Common Underlying
, 84

didactic
, 52

Separate Underlying
, 84

Print concepts
, 85

Print literacy
, 76, 80, 126, 128, 130, 132, 136, 137

Prioritized structured internships
, 169

Professional skills
, 163, 169

Project-based degree model
, 163

Protracted refugee situations
, 64

Purposive sampling
, 32

RACHEL device
, 163

Racism
, 23

Reaching refugees

adaptive and context-sensitive support
, 166–169

blended learning
, 164–166

competency-based degree
, 161–164

higher education as alternative displacement solution
, 170–171

higher education model
, 169–170

implications
, 169

limitations of online learning and technology
, 171–173

online education programs
, 159–160

provision of western higher education in non-western contexts
, 173–174

SNHU GEM Model & programs in Rwanda
, 160–161

tertiary education
, 158

Reading
, 85, 86

“Reading between the lines”
, 86

“Reading beyond the lines”
, 86

Reading programs
, 76

Recognition
, 18–19, 29, 61, 146

Refugee crisis
, 158, 183

Refugee education programs
, 132

Refugee Educator Academy
, 117

Refugee higher education model
, 159

Refugee Integration and Employment Service (RIES)
, 18

Refugee literacy education
, 78–81

Refugee settings, recommendations for literacy programs in
, 83–87

Refugee youths
, 30

Refugee-based campus in Kiziba
, 168

Refugee-hosting populations
, 160

Refugees
, (see also Government-assisted refugees (GARs)), 44, 47, 49, 114, 182

current state
, 77–78

education
, 183

English language literacy to
, 45

social interaction demands
, 45

Refugees Act
, 29, 30

Regular professional development schedule
, 175n13

Remote-based employment
, 171

opportunities
, 169

“Remote-based” opportunities
, 169

Research participants
, 19–20

Researcher involvement
, 20–22

Resettlement
, 61, 128

Resigned aspirations
, 28, 32–34

“Robobraille” technologies
, 116

Rwanda program
, 160

Samasource
, 170

Scaffolding
, 126, 128, 131, 132, 134

Scholarship
, 187

School systems
, 67

School-wide literacy programs
, 81

Second language literacy (L2 literacy)
, 83, 84, 126

Second World War
, 182

Second-language acquisition research
, 76

Section 22 Permit
, (see Asylum seekers’ permit)

“Secure countries of origin”
, 104n3

Self-actualization
, 147

Self-directed learning
, 113

Self-evaluation
, 51

Self-interested reasons
, 98

Self-regulated learning
, 48

Separate Underlying Principle
, 84

Settlement Worker in Schools program (SWIS program)
, 69

Short-term need
, 182

Sight loss
, 111

Simple and intuitive use
, 121

“Single acts of citizenship”
, 143, 144

Situational disability
, 119

Size and space for approach and use
, 122

Skilled labor
, 92–93

Skip navigation capabilities
, 115

Small Giants Scholarship Fund
, 187

Smaller-scale package courses
, 163

Snapchat
, 148

SNHU GEM Model & programs in Rwanda
, 160–161

Snowball sampling
, 32

Social conversion factor
, 31

Social inclusion
, 44, 183

Social integration
, 134

Social media
, 126

approach
, 152

Calais refugee camp in context
, 144–145

citizen journalism and mainstream media
, 145–146

ethical considerations
, 148

group work theory
, 151–152

Jungala Radio
, 142

literature review
, 143

research method
, 146–148

results
, 148–151

tools
, 145, 149

Social network
, 185

Facebook
, 142, 145, 148, 149

Twitter
, 142, 145, 149

YouTube
, 142

Social realities
, 185

Socio-Cultural theory of Vygotsky
, 52

Sociocultural constructionism
, 146

Socioeconomic mobility
, 183

Sociotechnical theory
, 185

Software
, 133

Soundcloud
, 142, 149

South Africa
, 29–30

South-to-North movement
, 28–29

South-to-South migration
, 28, 37

Southern New Hampshire University (SNHU)
, 160

Sovereign law
, 143

Special needs
, 76, 112, 114, 118–120

Staff development
, 81

Staffing model
, 166

Start ins Deutsche” program
, 93

ambitious project to support language integration
, 93

basic facts about
, 94–95

course of project phases
, 95–97

New German Willkommenskultur
, 92–93

project locations and courses during fourth project phase
, 95

Willkommenskultur
, 102–103

State of constant transience
, 144

State of exception theory
, 142, 143

Storybooks on children’s language acquisition
, 135

Storytelling
, 86

Structural conditions
, 28, 32–36

Student orientation
, 167

Student-centered approach
, 168

“Summer of welcome”
, 92

Supervision
, 97

Supervision groups, impressions from
, 101–102

Sustainable development
, 44

Sustainable learning framework
, 117

Tabula rasa
, 24

Tawasol symbol
, 120

Teacher training
, 117

Teacher Training College Frankfurt
, 97

Teachers Without Borders Program
, 82

Teaching

fellows
, 165

organization form
, 51

quality
, 184

staff model
, 165

Teaching English for occupational purposes
, 45–46

Teaching-learning process
, 46, 50

English language
, 51, 52, 54

freedom in
, 52

learners’ feelings in
, 47

Technology
, 184

limitations
, 171–173

technology-supported higher education
, 171

Tertiary education
, 158

Text

alternatives
, 115

creation
, 86–87

Text-to-speech tools
, 111

Thai-Burmese borders
, 80, 81

“The Jungle” Calais
, 142, 144, 149

Third Spaces
, 103

Tolerance for error
, 121

Trafficking
, 189

Transitions to digital societies
, 129

Twitter
, 142, 145, 149

Two-day training
, 95

U.S.-accredited, accreditation degree
, 163

UNESCO Mobile Learning Week in Paris
, 114

United Nations (UN)
, 76

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
, 60, 77, 158, 182

policies
, 184

United Nations Refugee Agency
, 45

United Nations Refugee Agency Gateway Protection Program
, 18

Universal design

applying to education of displaced people with disabilities
, 120–122

inclusion through
, 118–120

Universal design for learning (UDL)
, 118–120

University
, 22–25

University of Edinburgh
, 188

University of the Free State
, 39

University of the People (UoPeople)
, 186–187, 188

University of York in the UK
, 19

Urban centers
, 77

US higher education
, 159

Values
, 48, 62, 65

Viber
, 148

Vimeo
, 145

Vocational training
, 93, 97

Volunteers
, 145

Vulnerable learners
, 159–160, 162, 166, 172, 175

We Love Reading Program
, 82

Web Content Authoring Guidelines (WCAG)
, 115

Weight of family and refugee community responsibility
, 68

Western higher education provision in non-western contexts
, 173–174

Western-centric approach
, 162

Western-produced and anglophone programs
, 174

WhatsApp
, 148

White and Green Papers
, 29

Willkommenskultur
, 99, 100, 102–103

Word processors
, 87

Workplace training
, 164

“World Radio Day”
, 151–152

World Wide Web
, 186

Wraparound services
, 168

Writing
, 86–87

Yezidi Kurdish refugee
, 80

Young GARs
, 64

cultural asset preservation
, 65–66

economic integration capacity
, 64–65

leveraging potential
, 64–66

Young refugees
, 67

Youth
, 28, 30, 32

YouTube
, 142

Zone of Present Development
, 47

Zone of Proximal Development
, 47