Index
Tobin Im
(Seoul National University, Korea)
Transformation of Korean Politics and Administration: A 30 Year Retrospective
ISBN: 978-1-80382-116-0, eISBN: 978-1-80382-115-3
ISSN: 2053-7697
Publication date: 9 May 2022
This content is currently only available as a PDF
Citation
Im, T. (2022), "Index", Transformation of Korean Politics and Administration: A 30 Year Retrospective (Public Policy and Governance, Vol. 35), Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 215-222. https://doi.org/10.1108/S2053-769720220000035042
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
INDEX
Note: Page numbers followed by “n” indicate notes.
Act on Disclosure of Administrative Information
, 140
“Act on Summoning of residents”
, 145
“Active administration”
, 172
Active immigration policies
, 175
“Administrative capital”
, 143
“Administrative city”
, 143
Administrative reform
changes in reform methods
, 86–91
evaluation of organizational reform methods
, 91–94
reorganization from regime change
, 85–86
Administrative Reform Committee
, 87–88
Administrative Reform Investigation Committee
, 86–87
Administrative sector
, 170
Administrative services for public
, 171–173
Administrative system
, 170–171
Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA)
, 33
Advanced technologies
, 161
Advancement law
, 114
Aging
, 9–15
“Amendment to the Law on Proof and Evaluation”
, 105
American model
, 180
Anti-Corruption Committee
, 133
Appellate court system
, 124
ARPANET
, 33
Artificial intelligence (AI)
, 162, 171
ASEAN
, 168
Authoritarian judiciary
, 124
Authoritarianism
, 181
Autonomy
, 140
of education
, 68
of quota management system
, 98–102
Basic Law on Electronic Transactions
, 38
Birth rate in Korea
, 9–15
Blue House
, 75, 143
Bottom-up reforms
, 145
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE)
, 130
“Bulletproof prime minister”
, 77
Bureaucracy
, 155, 168–169
Bureaucracy, public confidence in
, 155
Bureaucrats
, 154–155, 163, 169, 181–182
Candlelight rallies
, 41
Capacity management methods
Korean government organization
, 95–97
quota management system
, 98–102
restraining scale of government
, 97–98
Capital
, 156
Capitalism
, 156
Carbon emissions
, 179
Central government
, 139–140
Central National Election Commission
, 68
Centralized regimes
, 76–80
Chief Justice, independence of
, 126–129
Chief Justice of Supreme Court
, 105, 126–128, 133
Choi Soon-sil’s manipulation of state affairs incident
, 116
“Chung”
, 158
“Circular Justice Position System”
, 131
Civil Rights Commission
, 133
Civil servants, soulful
, 168–170
Civil Service Exam Tribe
, 173
“Committee for Decentralization Promotion”
, 147
“Committee for Local Government Development”
, 147
“Committee on improving personnel Management of Judges”
, 131
“Committee on Judicial Reform”
, 128
Communication technology
, 170
Computers
, 34, 37, 170
Confucian culture (see Confucianism)
Confucianism
, 13, 21
Constituent Assembly
, 103
constitutional amendment Ψ1987 Ψ
, 62–63, 103–105
Constitutional Court
, 131–132
Constitutional Court of Law
, 146
Constitutional law
, 123
Constitutional presidential system
, 103
Coordination grant system
, 140
“Court Organization Act”
, 131
Cultural Revolution
, 13
“Cyber Korea 21 Plan”
, 34
Cyber-terrorism
, 44
Cybercrime
, 44
Daejeon legal corruption (1998)
, 128
“Damunhwa”
, 158
DDoS attacks
, 44
Decentralization
, 139
reforms under Kim Dae-Jung Administration
, 142–143
reforms under Kim Young-sam Administration
, 141–142
reforms under Lee Myung-Bak Administration
, 146–147
reforms under Park Geun-Hye Administration
, 147
reforms under Roh Moo-Hyun Administration
, 143–146
reforms under Roh Tae-Woo Administration
, 139–141
Decentralized regime
, 80–84
Demand recruitment system
, 54
Democracy
, 153
Democratic education of Korean people
, 180
Democratic Harmony Promotion Committee
, 87
Democratic Justice Party
, 106
Democratic Liberal Party
, 106, 141
Democratic Republican Party (DPR)
, 127
Democratization
, 160–161
Demographic changes in Korea
aging
, 9–15
change in urban and rural population
, 16–18
family welfare to public welfare
, 19–21
influx of foreign workers
, 24–27
low birth rate
, 9–15
multicultural families
, 22–24
North Korean defectors
, 28–30
OECD countries
, 9
Department of Justice
, 123
Dichotomous institutions
, 169
Digital sex crime
, 45
Direct democratic nature
, 169
Dirty, Dangerous, Difficult occupations (3D occupations)
, 26
“Discipline of Judges Act”
, 129
“Discipline of Public Prosecutors Act”
, 129
E-commerce
, 37–38
E-government
, 34
E-passports
, 162
E-resident cards
, 162
Early Admission System
, 54
Economic development
, 177
Economic growth
, 173–174
“Economic Happiness Index”
, 174
Economic power
, 167
Economy
, 156–157, 173
polarization of
, 155–158
Election Management Committee
, 146
Electoral system
change of power
, 69–72
Constitutional Court
, 66
democratic changes to
, 63, 64
“long ballot” system
, 68
National Assembly
, 65, 67
Evidence-based policies
, 170–171
Excessive politicization
, 181
Family Head Registration System
, 14
Family welfare
, 159
to public welfare
, 19–21
Fertility rate
, 159, 168
Fifth Republic corruption
, 136
Fintech technologies
, 39–40
“Fitting model”
, 39
Floating quota system
, 100
Foreign Economic Cooperation Fund
, 175
Foreign workers
, 24–27
“Framework Act on Promotion of Informatization”
, 34
G-market
, 39
Gangneung Armed guerrilla Infiltration incident (1996)
, 164
GATT system
, 17–18
Global warming
, 179
Globalization Promotion Committee
, 128
“Globalization”
, 156
Government
economic policies
, 155
government-led society
, 168
official
, 155, 181
policy
, 177
subsidy system
, 142
trust
, 179–180
Government Innovation Decentralized Committee
, 89
Government Organization Act
, 85
Government Reorganization Deliberation Committee
, 88–89
Governmental legal corruption (1997),
Grand National Party
, 113
Green Certification System Operator
, 54
Greenhouse Gas Certification Officer
, 54
Greenhouse Gas Inventory Verification Auditor
, 54
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
, 1
Gross National Product (GNP)
, 3, 167
Growth paradigm to present day
, 177
Growth priority principle
, 156
Gyeonggi Province
, 17
Gym election
, 61
Han River economic development
, 1
Hanahoe organization
, 78
Hanawon (Settlement Support Center for North Korean Refugees)
, 29
Hanbo Gate
, 77
Hierarchical three-tier system
, 124
High Court’s Appeal Department
, 129
High-ranking public officials
, 101, 109, 168–169
Hiring system of public officials
, 172
“HiTEL”
, 37
“Hoju” system
, 14
Home shopping rights
, 38
Human rights
, 26, 128, 160
Humanity
, 162
technological development and loss of
, 161–164
IMF Crisis
, 142, 156
Independence of Chief Justice
, 126–129
Indirect democracy system
, 169
Industrial Safety and Health Act
, 27
Industrial Skill Trainee Program
, 26
Industrialization
, 19
Information and Communication Network Act
, 42
Information and communication technology
, 33, 44
Information and communication technology modernization (ICTization)
, 46
Information policy
, 33–36
Information technology (IT)
, 7, 161, 170
Information type
, 162
Informatization
dark side of
, 44–46
development of Internet
, 33–36
information policy
, 33–36
social change due to
, 36–44
Integrated quota system
, 100–101
Internet
, 33–36, 163, 170
Internet Service Provider (ISP)
, 34
Investigation procedures
, 123, 128
“Jeju Special Act”
, 145
“Jeon-geoji”
, 158
“Jigyunchung”
, 158
“Jijapdae”
, 158
Judicial Agencies expansion
, 131–133
Judicial excess
, 161
“Judicial farm”
, 131
Judicial institutions
, 161
“Judicial policy advisory committee”
, 130
“Judicial populism”
, 130
Judicial power
, 123
“Judicial Reform Committee”
, 129
Judicial secrecy principle
, 130
Judicial system
, 123
Judicial upheaval
2nd judicial upheaval
, 126
3rd judicial upheaval
, 127
“5th judicial crisis”
, 130
first judicial upheaval
, 126
movement
, 126
Judiciary
branch
, 123
changes in
, 124
expansion of judicial agencies
, 131–133
impartiality of
, 125
independence of Chief Justice
, 126–129
issue of politicization of judiciary
, 130–131
issue of trust in judiciary
, 123–126
presidential jurisdiction restrictions
, 133–136
K-pop
, 42, 47
Kakao Talk scam
, 45
KakaoTalk
, 37
“KETEL”
, 37
Kim Dae-jung administration
, 89
local government and decentralization reforms under
, 142–143
Kim Young Sam
, 77–78
Kim Young-ran Law
, 133
Kim Young-sam Administration, local government and decentralization reforms under
, 141–142
Korea Home Shopping
, 38
Korea Institute of Electronics Technology (KIET)
, 34
Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA)
, 175
Korea Local Transfer Joint Council
, 141
Korea Telecommunication (KT)
, 34
Korea Telecommunications Corporation
, 34
Korean economy
, 1, 2, 159
economic growth of
, 4
Korean government
competitiveness of
, 181
with important role in world stage
, 175–176
Korean language proficiency test
, 27
“Korean Law Research Group”
, 127
Korean public servants
, 168
Korean society
, 125
Korean Standard Classification of Occupations (KSCOs)
, 51
Korean technologies and products
, 167
Korean-style position classification system
, 95
Labor Standards Act
, 26–27
Labor-management relations
, 174
“Land disclosure concept”
, 155
Land excess–gain Tax Act
, 132
Law–school system
, 124
“Lee Han-yeong Assassination”
, 164
Lee Myung-bak
, 78–79
Administration
, 89–90, 130, 136, 154
local government and decentralization reforms under
, 146–147
Legal profession
, 124
“Local Administrative Reform Promotion Committee”
, 147
Local autonomy
, 139–141, 145, 147, 171–172, 177
“Local Autonomy Act”
, 145
Local Collective Transfer Act
, 144, 147
Local concession system
, 145
“Local Decentralization Promotion Committee”
, 146
“Local Education Autonomy Act”
, 67, 144
Local finance law
, 142
Local financial adjustment system
, 140
Local financial system
, 142
Local government
reforms under Kim Dae-Jung Administration
, 142–143
reforms under Kim Young-sam Administration
, 141–142
reforms under Lee Myung-Bak Administration
, 146–147
reforms under Park Geun-Hye Administration
, 147
reforms under Roh Moo-Hyun Administration
, 143–146
reforms under Roh Tae-Woo Administration
, 139–141
Local Government Deliberation Committee
, 144
Local grant system
, 140
Local lawmakers
, 172
Local police system
, 145
“Local Transfer Promotion Committee”
, 143
“Long ballot” system
, 68
Low-ranking public officials
, 172
Macroscopic analysis
, 172
“March of Suffering”
, 28
Mass media organizations
, 136
Materialization
, 181–181
Medium-sized powerhouse
, 167–168
Middle power country
, 167
Military Confidentiality Protection Act
, 125
Millennium Democratic Party
, 113
Minimum Wage Act
, 26–27
Minister of Communications
, 162
Minister of Government Administration
, 97
“Ministry of Culture”
, 177
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
, 143
Ministry of General Affairs
, 88
Ministry of Justice
, 143, 153
“Miracle of Rhine”
, 176
Modern democratic nation system
, 123
Monocultural society
, 22
Moon Jae-in Administration
, 90–91
Moore’s Law
, 33
Multicultural families
, 22–24
National Assembly
, 62, 63, 126, 140–141, 180–181
13th National Assembly
, 105–106
14th National Assembly
, 106–107
15th National Assembly
, 107–109
16th National Assembly
, 109–110
17th National Assembly
, 110–112
18th National Assembly
, 112–113
19th National Assembly
, 113–114
20th National Assembly
, 114–117
characteristics of
, 105
performance evaluation of
, 117–120
strengthening of authority of
, 103–105
National Assembly Act
, 108–109, 112, 114
National Assembly Law
, 105
“National Assembly-Government-Court”
, 104
“National Audit and Investigation Act”
, 105
“National constituency”
, 65
National Election Commission
, 68
National Integrity Committee
, 133
National Pension System
, 21
National policy
, 172
National Public Service Act
, 154
National security case
, 125
National Security Law
, 125
New Democratic Republican Party
, 105–106
New Nuri Party
, 114, 147
Non-governmental organizations (NGOs)
, 54
North Korea
system
, 165
threat
, 125, 164–166
North Korean
defectors
, 28–30
internal system
, 164
North Korean Armed Guerrilla infiltration incident
, 164
“Northern wind” strategy
, 164
Occupational world changes
, 49
changes in field of occupation
, 53–55
changes in industrial structure
, 49–51
changes in occupational structure
, 51–53
qualitative changes in jobs
, 55–57
Octopus management
, 36
OECD International Development Committee (DAC)
, 175
“Old-age dependency ratio”
, 12–13
One-person media
, 41
One-person two-vote system
, 142
Online administration process
, 162
Optimistic scenario (see also Pessimistic scenario)
administration of ways
, 170–171
administrative services for public
, 171–173
decent living of people
, 176–177
Korean government with important role in world stage
, 175–176
medium-sized powerhouse
, 167–168
prerequisites for
, 179–182
soulful civil servants
, 168–170
sustainable economic administration and social welfare
, 173–175
Organizational reform methods
, 91–94
Paper administration
, 172, 181
Park Chung-hee administration
, 61
Park Geun Hye
, 79–80
administration
, 90, 124
local government and decentralization reforms under
, 147
Parliament
, 169
Peace Democratic Party
, 105, 140
People’s Revolution Party
, 125–126
Performance evaluation of National Assembly
, 117–120
Personal Information Protection Act
, 45
Pessimistic scenario
, 153, 158, 164 (see also Optimistic scenario)
amplification of social conflict
, 160–161
issue of population decline and welfare problems
, 158–160
North Korea’s threat to system
, 164–166
overpoliticization of public administration
, 153–155
polarization of economy
, 155–158
technological development and loss of humanity
, 161–164
Polarization of economy
, 155–158
Policy-making process
, 169
Political bosses
, 157
Political errors
, 169
Political excess
, 181
Political neutrality
, 168–170
of public officials gradually deteriorates
, 154
Political objectives movement
, 160
Political system
, 153
“Politicians”
, 169
Politicization issue of judiciary
, 130–131
Politics in Korea
, 169, 176–177, 180–181
Population
decline
, 158–160
growth rate
, 168
Postal Service ministry
, 34
Power change in legislature
, 103–105
1987 constitutional amendment
characteristics of National Assemblies
, 105–117
performance evaluation of National Assembly
, 117–120
Powerful nations
, 175
Pre-voting system
, 147
Presidential Advisory Policy Planning Committee
, 128
“Presidential Committee for Local Government Reform”
, 147
“Presidential Committee on Aging Society and Population Policy”
, 12
“Presidential Committee on Judicial Reform”
, 128, 130
Presidential Election Act
, 64
Presidential jurisdiction restrictions
, 133–136
current status of pardons by year
, 134–135
Presidential power
, 75–76
“Principles of Comprehensiveness”
, 144
“Principles of Supplementality”
, 144
“Privileges of formal post”
, 131
“Professionals”
, 58n1, 174
Proportional representation system
, 142
Psychological counselor
, 172
Public election management system
, 146
“Public interest”
, 155
Public Official Election Act
, 64–65, 141
Public Official Election and Fraudulent Election Prevention Act
, 64
Public security
, 125
Public transport transfer system
, 162
Public welfare, family welfare to
, 19–21
Quota management system
, 98
floating quota system
, 100
integrated quota system
, 100–101
separate quota system
, 101–102
total labor cost system
, 98–99
Radical reforms
, 145
Re-appointment review system
, 130
Reforms
, 145
“Rejection of appeal to Supreme Court”
, 124
Representative democracy
, 169
Resident voting System
, 145
“Revision of the Local Autonomy Act”
, 105
Rights Committee
, 133
Roh Moo-hyun administration
, 124
local government and decentralization reforms under
, 143–146
Roh Tae Woo administration
, 106
local government and decentralization reforms under
, 139–141
“Rural Bachelor Marriage Movement”
, 22
Samgu Shopping
, 38
San Diego Supercomputer Center
, 34
“Satellite civil servants”
, 102
Self-protectionism
, 181
Seoul District Attorney’s Conference
, 131
Separate quota system
, 101–102
Separation of Power principle
, 69, 123
Sewol Ferry accident
, 115
Short-term economic policies
, 174
Slot machine incident
, 136
Social conflicts
, 161
amplification of
, 160–161
Social media
, 181
Social pathologies
, 159
Social welfare system
, 19, 173–175
Soranet
, 46
South Korea
adopted constitutional presidential system
, 103
capital region of
, 16
Special Inspection Act
, 113
“Spiritless civil servants”
, 154
StarCraft
, 43
“State welfare”
, 159
Supreme Court
, 124
Supreme Court Candidate Recommendation Conference
, 126
Supreme Court Justices
, 126
Sustainable economic administration
, 173–175
System Development Network (SDN)
, 34
System Engineering Research Institute (SERI)
, 34
System Improvement Committee
, 87
Systematic work
, 141
Technology
, 163
development
, 171
Telecommunications Association
, 34–35
Telecommunications Corporation
, 35
Temporary Workers Act
, 56
Total labor cost system
, 98–99
Traditional familism culture
, 123
Traditional single-income family
, 159
Trust
, 179–180
issue in judiciary
, 123–126
Uljin-Samcheok Armed guerrilla infiltration incident (1968)
, 164
Unification Democratic Party
, 106
Union politicization
, 155
United Democratic Party
, 105
United Future Party (UFP)
, 117
“Unitel”
, 37
“Urban-rural integration”
, 142
Uruguay Round
, 17–18, 77, 160
US Department of Defense
, 33
Virtual networks
, 170
Vocational public service system
, 154
“Water Park Hidden Camera incident”
, 46
“Wearing photo” concept
, 39
“Web 2. 0”
, 39
Webtoon
, 43
Welfare
family welfare to public welfare
, 19–21
policy
, 157, 174
problems
, 158–160
West Sea Military Confrontation and Cheonan Ship Sinking Incident
, 164
“Wol-geoji”
, 158
World Wide Web
, 33
Yeonpyeong Island Bombardment
, 165
Yushin administration (see Park Chung-hee administration)
“Yushin Constitution”
, 61
- Prelims
- Chapter 1: Introduction: A Constantly Growing Economy
- Part I: Changes in the Administrative Environment
- Chapter 2: Changes in Demographic Structure
- Chapter 3: The Wave of Informatization
- Chapter 4: Changes in the Occupational World
- Part II: Changes in the Political-Administrative System
- Chapter 5: Democratization of the Electoral System
- Chapter 6: The President and Internal Administration
- Chapter 7: Administrative Reform
- Chapter 8: Changes in Capacity Management Methods
- Chapter 9: Change of Power in the Legislature
- Chapter 10: Changes in the Judiciary
- Chapter 11: Local Government and Decentralization
- Part III: The Next 30 Years
- Chapter 12: Pessimistic Scenario
- Chapter 13: Optimistic Scenario: Middle-Power Nation
- Chapter 14: Prerequisites for the Optimistic Scenario: Trust in Government
- Appendix: Major Events by Regime
- References
- Index