Acceptable shelter

, 28–29

Adaptability

, 135

Adequacy

, 31

Affordable Care Act

, 30

Age-related differences

, 8

Age-related losses

, 8

Aging

, 8–9

cognitive processes

, 12–14

and consumer behavior

, 18–19

sensory functioning

, 9–12

Agricultural technologies

, 145–148

access and adoption

, 134

impact on livelihoods

, 139

women in agriculture

, 145–148

Amazon

, 106

Arkansas

, 3, 158, 161

Arkansas Residential Landlord-Tenant Act of 2007

, 160–161

Basic education

, 31

Behavior

, 139

Behavioral responses to poverty

, 161–163

Botox injections

, 105–106

Brews Less Traveled Beer Club

, 104

Canva

, 106–107

Capability

, 135, 144

Carnival Cruise Line’s comparison tool

, 103

Chronological age

, 16

Classism

, 70

Clothing

, 29

Clothing disposal system

, 29

Cognitive changes in aging

, 3–4

Cognitive load of financial scarcity

, 75

Cognitive sources of vulnerability

, 75–76

Cognitive survivors

, 141

Cognitive-affective development theory

, 15

Cognitive-Experiential Self-Theory (CEST)

, 114–115

Commodity logic

, 155

Compensatory consumption

, 56

and competitive motives

, 86

Consumer behavior

, 27

Consumer information processing

, 8, 12

aging impairs cognitive processes

, 12–14

changes in emotional functioning

, 14–16

elderly consumers

, 17–18

implications of aging for quality of

, 16–17

sensory functioning

, 9–12

Consumer research

, 155

Consumer rights

awareness

, 5

enforcement

, 156

Consumer rights and protection

access to resources

, 135

advocacy and empowerment

, 145

legal frameworks and enforcement

, 156

Consumer vulnerability

, 1, 5, 137, 145

causes

, 157

in contexts

, 76–78

effects

, 156–157

to eviction

, 154

management and coping strategies

, 155

and marketplace solutions

, 98–99

Consumer well-being and social justice

, 32

Consumption adequacy (CA)

, 26

data, methodology, and findings

, 32–42

dimensions

, 27–32

Consumption adequacy

, 1–3

Control

, 99

Coping mechanisms and resilience

adaptive behaviors

, 87

agency and empowerment

, 145

support networks

, 135

Counterproductive comparison standards

, 55

COVID-19 pandemic

, 84, 98

Decision-making

, 2

Deliberative processing of information

, 16

Digitalization and financialization

, 154

automated landlord

, 157–158

digitized property management

, 156

impact on rental markets

, 158

Discrimination

, 70–72

Displacement

, 154

mortality and health outcomes

, 154

neighborhood destabilization

, 154

threat and materialization

, 153–154

Dual process models

, 4, 114–115

Economic explanations

, 157

Economic factors

access to resources

, 135

income inequality

, 134

poverty

, 134

Education

, 30–32

Elderly adults

, 8–9

Elderly consumers

, 8, 17–18

Emotion

, 139

Emotional functioning in elderly

, 14–16

Environmental factors

climate change and natural disasters

, 134

sustainability and conservation

, 143

urbanization and housing markets

, 154

Eviction and housing instability

forced displacement

, 153–154

legal and socio-cultural aspects

, 147

policy responses and interventions

, 154

Evictions

, 154–155, 158

behavioral and policy research agenda

, 161–163

legal and regulatory environment

, 158–159

process and consequences

, 146–147

as social problem

, 158–161

societal and personal impact

, 134

Executive functioning tasks

, 12–13

Experiential system

, 114, 116

Experiential-dominant group

, 115

External influences on decision-making

, 4

Financial deprivation

, 86, 88

Financial vulnerability

, 60

credit access and debt

, 60

economic shocks and recovery

, 75

financial literacy and education

, 134

Floodlight analysis

, 40–42

Fluid compensation

, 56

Food

, 27–28

Foreclosures

, 154

Functionings

, 144

Ghettos

, 25–26

Global and cultural contexts of poverty

, 29

Grade point average (GPA)

, 53–54

Gross domestic product (GDP)

, 44

Happiness model, results from

, 37–40

Health care

, 29–30

Hearing

, 10

Heuristic versus systematic processing (HSM)

, 114–115

High-system group

, 115

Housing

, 154

Housing instability

, 153–154

eviction

, 154

foreclosure

, 154

Human rights

commodity vs. rights logics

, 155

housing as a human right

, 155

IKEA Place augmented reality app

, 104–105

Impact of consumption inadequacy

, 31–32

Impoverished consumers

, 25–26

Impoverished consumption

, 43

Incidental scarcity

, 85

Incongruity

, 16–17

Information processing

, 8, 114

Institutional and interpersonal contexts of eviction

, 163

Insurance

, 105

Interactions among dimensions of consumption adequacy

, 144

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

, 135

Intertwined vulnerabilities, case study in

, 145–148

external factors

, 146

internal factors

, 146–147

Johnson Neyman plots (JN plots)

, 40

Knowledge-based memory

, 13–14

Laissez-faire commodity logic

, 161

Life satisfaction model, results from

, 33–37

Literacy

, 30–31, 134

Long-term memory

, 13–14

Low SCC

, 50–51, 59

consequences

, 59–61

implications

, 63

materialism

, 61–62

problematic outcomes

, 60–61

risk factors for

, 62

Low socioeconomic status (low SES)

, 69–70

consequences for low-SES consumers

, 72–73

consumers’ experiences

, 70

individuals

, 2

Low-cost but adequate (LCA)

, 27–28

Low-system consumers

, 114–116

existence of

, 115

Low-system group

, 115

Management

, 1

Market dynamics and logics

, 155

Marketing

, 1, 155

Marketplace literacy

, 137–145

education program

, 3

impact on vulnerability

, 145

importance

, 137–139

programs and interventions

, 143

Marketplaces

, 141–142

Materialism

, 61–62

Materialistic behaviors

, 51

Memory

, 8

Mental health and well-being

coping mechanisms

, 26

emotional vulnerability

, 136

shame and stigma

, 136

Micro approach

, 2

“Mixed messaging” approach

, 109

Motivated activity

, 101–107

four domains of

, 99–101

2 X 2 framework

, 99–101

Motivational threats

, 98

2 X 2 framework of motivated activity

, 99–101

Needs

, 98

Negative stereotypes

, 71

Neighborhood destabilization

, 154

Network adequacy

, 30

Nike By You service

, 104–105

Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs)

, 1–2

Numeracy

, 16, 30–31

Objective measures

, 31

Older adults

, 12–14

PayPal

, 105

Penalties

, 160

Perceptions of time as limited

, 15–16

Policy and regulation

consumer advocacy and legislation

, 157

rental market regulation

, 162

tenant protections

, 161–162

Political explanations

, 157

Political polarization

, 98

Positivity effect

, 14–15

Poverty

, 1, 30, 69–70, 134

consumer vulnerability in contexts

, 76–78

unpacking

, 141–142

Poverty and deprivation

cognitive and emotional constraints

, 139

multi-faceted deprivation

, 134

survival strategies

, 141

Power

, 1

Prejudice

, 70–72

Presbycusis

, 10

Prevention value

, 4–5, 99

Prevention-control threats, solutions for

, 105–106

Prevention-truth threats, solutions for

, 102–103

Prior research

, 87, 100

Product dissatisfaction

, 60

Promotion value

, 4–5, 99

Promotion-control threats, solutions for

, 106–107

Promotion-truth threats, solutions for

, 103–105

Psychological threat

, 86

Psychology

, 1

Public policy research on evictions

, 162–163

Rational system

, 114, 116

Rational-dominant group

, 115

Regulatory focus

, 99

Rental agreement violation

, 157

Rental market in Arkansas

, 3

Research and policy agenda on eviction

, 155

Resource scarcity

, 84–85

effects of resource scarcity on consumption

, 86

evidence

, 89–90

and self-improvement

, 85–87

Restrictions

, 26

Salience-driven decision-making by low-system consumers

, 116–117

Scarcity

, 5, 84–85

Security deposit

, 159

Self-concept clarity (SCC)

, 4, 50

Self-concept threats

, 57–58

Self-discrepancy

, 56

Self-esteem

, 50

Self-harm

, 60–61

Self-improvement industry

, 84

contributions and implications

, 90–92

future research directions

, 92–93

research opportunities

, 94

resource scarcity and

, 85–87

valuation of self-improvement benefits

, 87–88

Self-knowledge

, 49–50

Self-perceptions

, 50

Self-regulatory model

, 90

Sensory decline

, 12

Sensory functioning

, 9–12

Serial filing

, 157–158

Shame

, 72, 136

Smell

, 10

Social and cultural norms

gender and racial disparities

, 156–157

stigma and discrimination

, 75

Social class

, 1

Social comparison, unintended consequences of

, 55–57

Social determinants

gender

, 135

race and ethnicity

, 135

social networks

, 135

Social stigma and discrimination

, 75

Socioeconomical status (SES)

, 2

Source memory

, 14

Squarespace

, 106–107

State Farm

, 105

Stereotypes

, 72

Stigma

, 72

Subsistence consumers

, 139

Subsistence marketplaces

, 134, 137, 145

case study in intertwined vulnerabilities

, 145–148

characteristics and challenges

, 136

consumer and entrepreneur roles

, 137–139

description and characteristics

, 139

implications

, 147–148

interventions and outcomes

, 144

marketplace literacy, and consumer vulnerability

, 137–145

vulnerability

, 134–137

System 1/system 2 distinction (S1/S2)

, 114–115

Taste

, 11

Technological explanations

, 157

Thick skin bias

, 73–75

Thinking

, 139

Threats

, 1, 98, 101, 107

Touch

, 11–12

Training

, 30–32

Transformative Consumer Research (TCR)

, 43

Truth

, 99

2 X 2 framework of motivated activity

, 99–101

implications and open questions

, 107–109

Uncertainty

, 51–59

reduction tactics

, 53–55

and susceptibility to external influences

, 58–59

and vulnerability to daily self-concept threats

, 57–58

Uniform Residential Landlord and Tenant Act (URLTA)

, 160

United Nations Development Program

, 25–26

Valuation effect

, 88

Vision

, 9

Vulnerability

, 1, 8, 59–60, 85, 101, 107, 134, 137

definition and types

, 1, 59–60

to materialism

, 62

measurement and assessment

, 114–115

and resilience

, 135

sources and factors

, 70–72

vulnerability-related behaviors and practices

, 161–162

“Vulnerable Consumer”, The

, 1

Vulnerable consumers

, 3

characteristics

, 18–19

definition

, 3

Water

, 27–28

Wisdom development

, 3–4, 15

Women entrepreneurs

, 31

Women in Agriculture

, 145–148

Working memory

, 12–13

World Values Survey wave 7 (WVS 7)

, 32