Social entrepreneurship in tourism: applying sustainable livelihoods approaches
International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management
ISSN: 0959-6119
Article publication date: 13 June 2016
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to investigate whether the sustainable livelihoods approach (SLA) enables an analysis of the complex interrelations and interdependencies between social entrepreneurs (SEs), destination communities’ livelihood assets and related transforming structures and processes. SEs in tourism are regarded as drivers for linking destination communities with enterprises, aiming to create economic benefits and livelihoods.
Design/methodology/approach
Data were gathered through participatory action research at a tourism lodge and its foundation, which facilitated agricultural training, and by conducting in-depth interviews with ten key stakeholders. The sustainable livelihoods framework (SLF) served as the theoretical framework.
Findings
The SLA enables an analysis of interrelations and interdependencies between various stakeholders and to visualise the way SEs forge the impacts tourism has on livelihoods. The agricultural project did not reach its full potential because of, amongst other factors, competing aims between the profit and non-profit business, resulting in the lack of a clear vision and strategy. Additional challenges were dependency on external funding and a lack of reciprocal communication between the stakeholders involved.
Research limitations/implications
This research is based on one case study, and findings cannot be generalised. Future studies should develop the SLF further, possibly through adaptation and integration of other tools.
Practical implications
The SLF enables researchers to integrate local knowledge and participatory research methods, thus facilitating engagement and learning between different stakeholders.
Originality/value
Through empirical research, this paper adds valuable insights into the applicability of the SLF in the context of social entrepreneurship in tourism.
Keywords
Acknowledgements
The authors thank all participants involved in this research, especially especially the owner and staff of the lodge and foundation, and the women participating in the agricultural training programme. They further appreciate the contributions of their research colleague Farideh Yousefi in providing valuable information through the previous study. The first author was funded by foundation fiat panis, Ulm, Germany. The larger research project led by the second author was funded by the Ministry of Science, Research and the Arts Baden Wuerttemberg, Germany, and the European Social Fund. Finally, they are grateful for the support of their three anonymous reviewers.
Citation
Laeis, G.C.M. and Lemke, S. (2016), "Social entrepreneurship in tourism: applying sustainable livelihoods approaches", International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, Vol. 28 No. 6, pp. 1076-1093. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-05-2014-0235
Publisher
:Emerald Group Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2016, Emerald Group Publishing Limited