Prelims

Frank Fitzpatrick (University of the Creative Arts, UK)

Understanding Intercultural Interaction: An Analysis of Key Concepts, 2nd Edition

ISBN: 978-1-83753-441-8, eISBN: 978-1-83753-438-8

Publication date: 4 March 2024

Citation

Fitzpatrick, F. (2024), "Prelims", Understanding Intercultural Interaction: An Analysis of Key Concepts, 2nd Edition, Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. i-xiii. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-83753-438-820242003

Publisher

:

Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2024 Frank Fitzpatrick


Half Title Page

Understanding Intercultural Interaction

Title Page

Understanding Intercultural Interaction: An Analysis of Key Concepts, 2nd Edition

by

Frank Fitzpatrick

University of the Creative Arts, UK

United Kingdom – North America – Japan – India – Malaysia – China

Copyright Page

Emerald Publishing Limited

Emerald Publishing, Floor 5, Northspring, 21-23 Wellington Street, Leeds LS1 4DL.

First edition 2024

Copyright © 2024 Frank Fitzpatrick.

Published under an exclusive licence by Emerald Publishing Limited.

Reprints and permissions service

Contact: www.copyright.com

No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without either the prior written permission of the publisher or a licence permitting restricted copying issued in the UK by The Copyright Licensing Agency and in the USA by The Copyright Clearance Center. Any opinions expressed in the chapters are those of the authors. Whilst Emerald makes every effort to ensure the quality and accuracy of its content, Emerald makes no representation implied or otherwise, as to the chapters’ suitability and application and disclaims any warranties, express or implied, to their use.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

ISBN: 978-1-83753-441-8 (Print)

ISBN: 978-1-83753-438-8 (Online)

ISBN: 978-1-83753-440-1 (Epub)

Contents

List of Figures ix
About the Author xi
Foreword xiii
Part I: Approach and Principles 1
Intercultural or Cross-cultural? 3
Sites of Intercultural Interaction 4
Key Themes 5
What Is Culture? 5
Cultural Identity 7
Cultural Essentialism 8
The Universality of Culture 8
The Question of Cultural Relativism 9
Context and Power 9
Beyond Culture Towards Interculturality 10
The Global Workplace 12
How the Key Concepts are Organised 12
How to Use This Book 14
Part II: Key Concepts 17
Acculturation 19
Anxiety Uncertainty Management (AUM) Theory 23
Attribution Theory (AT) 27
Chinese Values Survey (CVS) 30
Communication Accommodation Theory (CAT) 33
Computer-mediated Communication (CMC) 37
Conversational Constraints Theory (CCT) 42
Cognitive Dissonance Theory (CDT) 45
Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) 48
Critical Intercultural Communication (CICC) 51
Cross-cultural Adjustment 54
Cross-cultural Attachment Theory (CCAT) 58
Cross-cultural Communication (CCC) 62
Cross-cultural Ethics in International Business 65
Cultural Anthropology 69
Cultural Context 72
Cultural Dimensions 76
Cultural Diplomacy 80
Cultural Essentialism 84
Cultural Hybridity 88
Cultural Identity 92
Cultural Imperialism 96
Cultural Intelligence (CQ) 100
Cultural Metaphors 103
Cultural Paradigms 106
Cultural Pluralism 110
Cultural Relativism 113
Cultural Stereotyping 116
Cultural Studies 121
Cultural Tightness Theory (CTL) 126
Cultural Universals 130
Culture and Ideology 133
Culture and Power 136
Culture and Tourism 140
Culture Contact 144
Culture Learning Theory (CLT) 147
Culture Shock 151
Culture Training 155
Culturism and Cultural Otherising 159
Democracy Index (DI) 162
Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity (DMIS) 166
Ease of Doing Business Index (EDBI) 169
Economic Freedom Index (EFI) 172
Ethnocentrism 175
Expectancy Violation Theory (EVT) 178
Face Negotiation Theory (FNT) 182
Global Competitiveness Index ( GCI) 186
Global Slavery Index (GSI) 189
The GLOBE Studies 192
E.T. Hall: The Silent Language 197
Geert Hofstede: Software of the Mind 200
Adrian Holliday: A Grammar of Culture 206
Human Development Index (HDI) 210
Identity Management Theory (IMT) 214
Identity Negotiation Theory (INT) 217
Individualism and Collectivism 220
Integrated Threat Theory (ITT) 225
Integrative Communication Theory (ICT) 228
Interaction Adaptation Theory (IAT) 231
Intercultural Communication (ICC) 234
Intercultural Competence (IC) 239
Intercultural Dialogue (ICD) 244
Intercultural Literacy 247
Interculturality 250
Interdiscourse Communication (IDC) 253
International Human Resource Management (IHRM) 257
R.D. Lewis: When Cultures Collide 264
Managing Cultural Diversity at Work (EDI) 267
Managing in the Global Workplace 272
Managing Intercultural Teams 276
John Mole: The Culture Triangle 280
Multiculturalism 283
Non-Verbal Communication (NVC) 288
Organisational Culture 292
Postmodernism 297
Power Distance 301
Rule of Law Index (RLI) 305
Schwartz: Theory of Basic Human Values 309
Social Identity Theory (SIT) 313
Social Network Analysis (SNA) 316
Social Progress Index (SPI) 320
Socialisation and Enculturation 323
Third Culture Identity (TCI) 326
Time Orientation 329
Fons Trompenaars: Seven Dimensions of Culture 332
World Press Freedom Index (WPFI) 335
World Values Survey (WVS) 338
Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI) 341
Index 345

List of Figures

Fig. The Process of Cross-cultural Adjustment. 56
Fig. PESTLE(C) Analysis of Cultural Context. 74
Fig. The Continuum of Influence. 81
Fig. Examples of Cultural Hybridity. 89
Fig. Development of Individual Identity. 94
Fig. The U-shaped Model of Culture Shock. 151
Fig. EPRG Choice Factors. 260
Fig. Levels of Cultural Diversity. 268
Fig. Levels of Cultural Diversity Visibility. 269
Fig. Managing the Global Workplace. 273
Fig. Building Interculturality in the Global Workplace. 278

About the Author

Dr Frank Fitzpatrick is a highly qualified and accomplished international business leader, intercultural consultant and academic. For over 25 years, he has worked as an intercultural specialist extensively across several continents in complex strategic environments, successfully promoting intercultural awareness and collaboration among diverse groups of people from different cultural backgrounds. He has a PhD in Cross-cultural Communication, Master’s degrees in Business Administration and Linguistics and is a Senior Fellow of the Higher Education Academy. He is currently Director of the Strategic Business Management Programme in the Business School for the Creative Industries at the University of the Creative Arts in the UK.

Foreword

This book is aimed at students and professionals who wish to deepen their knowledge of how people interact in intercultural contexts by providing an overview of key concepts from a breadth of perspectives. Living, working and studying in intercultural and international contexts is ever more relevant to everyone, whether as language educators or students of social sciences, men and women working in international business and human resources or professionals dealing with issues in international relations and international development and specialist sectors such as industry, diplomacy, health and education, among others. As education and work become increasingly international, every student and professional at some point is likely to feel the need to explore and discuss concepts of culture and identity in order to be prepared for intercultural encounters in the globalised workplace, not least to understand themselves and the role that they play in their own society and on the international stage. For this, they will need the opportunity to be informed on and to explore notions of culture and identity and how they relate to their lives and future work. This book, then, brings together the most important and widely used concepts and theories relating to intercultural interaction in an informative and accessible manner in order to enable students and professionals of all backgrounds to improve their knowledge and prospects for the future. This will enrich the experience of intercultural interaction, improve the quality of business policies and dealings and build tolerance and understanding of different perspectives and conditions across the world of work and study.