Index
ISBN: 978-1-80262-986-6, eISBN: 978-1-80262-985-9
Publication date: 5 December 2022
This content is currently only available as a PDF
Citation
(2022), "Index", Greey, A.D. and Lenskyj, H.J. (Ed.) Justice for Trans Athletes (Emerald Studies in Sport and Gender), Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 175-180. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80262-985-920221017
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2023 Ali Durham Greey and Helen Jefferson Lenskyj. Published under exclusive licence by Emerald Publishing Limited
INDEX
Abuse
, 46, 55, 76, 101, 170
Accountability
, 111
Activists
, 145, 171, 172
Adolescents
, 79, 115
Advocates
, 4, 5, 18, 22–24, 71, 97, 103, 140, 153, 156, 168
Affiliated sport organizations
, 51
Aggression
, 9, 87
Ahmed, Sara
, 153, 155
Alliance Defending Freedom
, 18, 103, 142
Allyship
, 95
American
, 4, 11, 18, 19, 76, 78, 96, 103
American Civil Liberties Union
, 18
Anatomists
, 11, 34–38
as philosophical essentialists
, 35–36
Androgynous, androgyny
, 51
Anti-doping
, 32, 37, 65
Anti-gender movements
, 49–50, 53–54
Anti-LGBTQ2S+ conservative political organizations
, 18, 115
Anti-LGBTQ2S+ bills
, 115
Anti-trans campaigns/movements
, 47–51
Anti-trans sport bills
, 115–118
Applied responses
, 171–172
Assali, Jennifer
, 99
Asia, Asian
, 139
Athlete Ally
, 17, 53, 160
Athletic ability
, 21–22, 160
Australian Football League (AFL)
, 83–84
Backlash
, 6, 49, 52–55
Baeth, Anna
, 13
Bans
, 9, 23, 37, 84, 88, 141
Basketball
, 90, 169
Ben-Yehuda, N.
, 48, 138
Berg, Adam
, 79, 111, 113–114
Biden, Joe
, 145
Billard, Thomas J.
, 158
Bills
, 9, 18–19, 47, 50, 109, 115–118, 144, 148
Binary thinking
, 3, 6, 170
Biofeminism
, 12, 96–97, 99, 103, 171
‘Biological females’
, 140, 142
‘Biological males’
, 11, 22, 50, 117, 140, 142, 145, 167
Biological sex
, 9, 50, 116–117, 171
Black athletes
, 18, 52, 139–140, 142–144
Body image
, 7, 12, 21, 41, 48, 86–88, 90, 99, 100, 156, 158
Bostock v. Clayton County
, 20, 69, 70
Boxing
, 9–10, 56, 74
British Journal of Sports Medicine (BJSM)
, 170
British Medical Journal (BMJ)
, 170
Brown, Oliver
, 158
Butler, Judith
, 53
Canada, Canadian
, 3, 9, 10, 75–90
Canadian Women and Sport
, 78–79, 81
‘Cap tied’ concept
, 41
Center for American Progress
, 19, 55
Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
, 76
Children
, 8, 46, 76–77, 79, 83, 90, 103, 115, 118, 143–145, 147
China, Chinese
, 37
Chromosomes
, 7, 41
Cisgender
, 9–13, 18–20, 22, 46, 49–55, 75–76, 81–82, 84, 89, 95, 98–99, 101–103, 110, 116, 137–149, 152, 157–158, 169
Ciswomen
, 5, 6, 49, 83, 110, 112, 114, 116
Civil Rights Act
, 70
Coaches, coaching
, 12, 21, 55, 70, 75, 77, 100, 101, 168, 171
Cohen, Stanley
, 141
Colorado Anti-Discrimination Act
, 69
Competitive fairness
, 63–74, 96, 109–133, 171
Compulsory heterosexuality
, 169
Conceptual responses
, 170–172
Consensus Statement (2015)
, 66
Conservatives
, 13, 18, 137, 138, 145
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW)
, 68
Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS)
, 34, 40, 65
COVID-19 controversies
, 170
Critical discourse analysis
, 153–154
Critical race theory
, 5–6, 54
Critical sport scholars
, 166
Critical trans politics
, 6
Cultural imperialism
, 115–116
Cycling
, 66, 74, 101
Davies, Sharron
, 102
Deadnaming
, 154, 157–158, 160
Democracy
, 166
Denison, Erik
, 12
Digital capitalism
, 167
Discipline specific regulations
, 40–41
Discrimination
, 6–7, 11–12, 20–21, 24, 32, 38–39, 41, 64–66, 69–70, 85, 97, 113, 142
Diversity
, 4, 21, 156
Dreger, Alice
, 34
Drug testing
, 37, 47
Education
, 20, 115, 161, 168
Eligibility
, 5–7, 21, 36, 51–53, 64–71, 83, 102
Elite athletes
, 22, 36, 46, 53, 155–156, 160
Endocrinology
, 29
England
, 71, 78–79, 83
English, Colleen
, 13
Epistemic work of biofeminism
, 97
Equality Act (2010)
, 70, 98
Equity
, 4, 12, 21, 24, 50, 69, 95, 97, 114, 146, 171
Estrogen treatment
, 7, 56
Ethics
, 113–114
Europe, European
, 36, 46, 48, 54, 64
European diaspora morality
, 46
Exclusion
, 5, 9, 12–13, 17, 19–22, 35–36, 47, 55, 65, 70, 83, 85, 89, 139–140, 146–147, 166, 168–169, 171
Exclusionary policy
, 12, 22, 35, 89
Exploitation
, 114, 142, 143, 155, 167
Fair Play for Female Athletes Act
, 110
Fair Play for Women (FPFW)
, 50, 53, 89, 96
Fairness
, 3, 7, 9–13, 24, 32, 40, 50, 63–74, 96, 103, 109–133, 140–141, 153–154, 156, 171–172
Fairness in Women’s Sports Act
, 18, 50, 110
Federal antidiscrimination laws
, 5–6, 12, 38, 68–71
Federal law
, 20–21, 69, 109
Female eligibility
, 46, 51–54
Feminism
, 5, 9, 12–13, 23, 46, 53, 55, 85, 95–107, 143–144, 151–163
Feminist content analysis
, 153–154
Folk devils
, 47–48, 141–143
Fuller, John
, 145
Gender critical feminists
, 12, 47, 53
Gender Recognition Act (GRA)
, 70, 98, 102
Gender recognition debates, United Kingdom
, 97–98
Gender testing
, 64–65
Gender verification
, 64, 67, 69
Gleaves and Lehrbach
, 3, 112
Goorevich, Anna
, 13
Gordon, Avery
, 143
Governance
, 40, 42, 63–74
Greey, Ali Durham
, 3–4, 8–9
Hegemony
, 89, 146–147, 172
Hellen, M.
, 46
Heritage Foundation
, 18, 103
Hermaphrodite
, 7
Heterosexism
, 5, 19, 46, 49, 54–55, 56, 100, 166–167, 169
Heterosexual, heterosexuality
, 5, 19, 46, 167, 169
Hilton, Emma
, 40, 99
Homophobia, homophobic
, 75, 85, 169
Hood, Victoria
, 101
Hormones, hormone therapy
, 7, 36, 116, 155, 159–160
Hubbard, Laurel
, 13, 52, 64, 151–163, 167–168
Human rights
, 6, 12, 23, 32, 36, 45, 47, 52, 63–74, 76, 115, 159–160, 166, 168
Human Rights Campaign
, 32, 115, 168
Human rights law
, 12, 63–74, 76
Human Rights Tribunal of Ontario (HRTO)
, 66
Human rights violations
, 64, 76
Hyperandrogenism (HG)
, 7, 51
Identifiers
, 11, 34–38
as philosophical constructivists
, 36–37
Identity delegitimizing
, 157–158
Ideology, ideological
, 5, 45, 48, 54
Inclusion, trans-inclusion policies
, 5–6, 12–13, 18–22, 24, 31, 34, 37, 39–40, 46, 53, 63–74, 85–87, 95–107, 110, 111, 113–115, 118, 139, 146, 152–154, 157, 159–161, 166, 170–172
Indigenous peoples
, 8
Injustice
, 100, 101, 110, 112–115, 118
International Amateur Athletic Federation (IAAF)
, 51–52, 64–65, 170
International federations (IFs)
, 7, 21, 36, 64, 66–68, 71
International Olympic Committee (IOC)
, 6–7, 11, 12, 21, 32–34, 36–37, 40, 42, 51–54, 63–69, 71, 78, 84, 99, 154, 156, 159–161
framework
, 7, 21, 32–42, 66, 159
guidelines
, 64, 68–69, 78, 99
policy
, 52–53, 65, 67, 74, 159–161
International Rugby League
, 83
Intersectional analysis
, 5–6
Intersex
, 7, 21, 65, 82
Journalism
, 156, 159–161
Jurisprudence
, 40
Justice
, 5, 10, 11, 22, 54, 56, 96, 103, 109–133, 146, 154, 170–172
King, Billie Jean
, 23
Koyama, Emi
, 5
Ladies Professional Golf Association (LPGA)
, 69
Lambrechs, Tracey
, 158
Law, legislation
, 4, 6, 13, 18, 19, 23, 64–65, 71, 98, 115, 117, 139–141, 143, 146–147
Lawless, Lana
, 69
Leeper, Blake
, 40
Legal challenges to transgender participation policies
, 67–68, 74
Legal protection
, 20, 63, 70
Lenskyj, Helen Jefferson
, 7, 100, 114, 170
LGBTQ/LGBTQ2S+
, 8, 18, 19, 23, 68, 78, 89, 98, 138, 147, 154, 160
Little, Brad
, 115
Male superiority
, 46, 152
Marginalization
, 101, 114–115, 117–118
Masculinities
, 46, 101
McCoy, Lauren
, 12
Medals
, 33, 142, 160, 167
Media
, 13–14, 18, 47, 53, 55, 66, 78, 79, 82–83, 101, 137–149, 151–163, 167–170
Michigan Womyn’s Music Festival
, 5, 96
Misgendering
, 154, 157–158, 160
Misogynoir
, 18, 50, 52, 139–140, 143–144
Moral entrepreneurs
, 137–149
Moral panics
, 13, 46, 47–49, 54, 55, 77, 111–112, 114, 137–149, 166–167
Muscles, muscular
, 9, 34, 66, 86
Narrative framing
, 153, 156–157
National Center for Lesbian Rights
, 78–79
National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA)
, 21, 23, 51–53, 69–70, 168–169
National governing bodies
, 53, 56, 67–68, 71
National Organization for Women
, 22, 96
NCAA. See National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA)
Nelson, Monica
, 13
Neo-liberal approaches
, 6
New Zealand Olympic Committee (NZOC)
, 151, 156
Non-binary
, 3, 8–9, 20, 46, 64, 138–140, 143, 147
Olympics
, 31–43, 63–74, 84, 100, 153–160, 168
Othering
, 152–153, 156–157
Pape, Madeleine
, 12
Paralympic Games
, 33, 39, 56, 172
Penis panics
, 48–49
Physiological equivalency
, 3, 10–11, 51, 112, 171–172
Physiology
, 33, 110, 116, 118
Pielke, Roger-
, 11, 170
Pieper, Lindsay
, 13
Pike, Jon
, 35, 111
Pistorius, Oscar
, 40
Politics, political
, 6, 33–34, 152–153, 155, 166
Pragmatists
, 11, 34–38
Prejudice
, 19, 22, 83, 159
Pringle, Richard
, 12
Pronger, Brian
, 3–4
Propaganda model
, 167
Public health
, 76–77, 90
Quinn
, 64
Race
, 3, 5–6, 23, 46, 50, 54, 70, 138–139, 141, 168, 172
Racism, racist
, 5, 18, 168
Rehm, Marcus
, 40
Resistance
, 48, 54, 95–107, 147
Rugby
, 12, 35, 41, 52, 53, 67–68, 71, 75–94
Safety
, 13, 31, 34, 40, 70–71, 82–84, 87–89, 96, 111, 141, 143, 145
Save Women’s Sports Act
, 55, 110, 112, 145
School sport
, 19, 109–133
Schultz, Jaime
, 11
Science
, 7, 11–13, 21–22, 33, 42, 51–52, 75, 77, 82–84, 97, 99, 100–101, 103, 156, 170–172
Science and Technology Studies (STS)
, 97
Scovel, Shannon
, 13
Self-identification
, 37, 96
Semenya, Caster
, 7
Sex testing
, 45, 52, 65, 67, 118
Sexual abuse
, 17, 46, 55, 76, 101, 171
Sexual harassment
, 12, 17, 55, 75, 85, 101, 171
Sharrow, E. A.
, 50, 55
Social justice
, 3, 4, 5, 54, 56, 154, 172
Social media
, 11, 14, 31, 102, 106, 167–168
South Africa
, 7, 78
Spade, Dean
, 6
Spectres
, 13, 137–149
Sport Canada
, 75–94
Sport exceptionalism
, 114, 165–166
Sport organizations
, 5, 7, 20, 32, 37, 41, 51, 65, 71, 83–84, 88, 103, 161
Sport philosophy
, 110–112
State antidiscrimination laws
, 69–70
Stigma
, 77, 83, 90, 98
Stockholm Consensus
, 40, 65
Surgery
, 6, 65, 99
Surveilling athletes
, 117–118
Swimming, swimmers
, 33, 38, 69, 167–169
Sykes, H.
, 65
Terminology
, 6, 8, 160
Testosterone
, 7, 11, 22, 36, 45–60, 65, 66, 68, 78, 82–83, 99, 117, 139, 159–160
Testosterone panic
, 11, 45–60
Therapeutic use exemption (TUE)
, 65
Thomas, Lia
, 21, 53, 69, 167–168
Thorpe, Holly
, 13
Title IX–20–21
, 50, 55, 145, 146
Tokyo Summer Olympic Games (2020)
, 32, 64
Track and field
, 18, 33, 100
Trans (women) athletes, as spectres
, 137–149
Trans exclusion
, 12–13, 55, 112, 140, 166
Trans Exclusive Radical Feminists (TERFs)
, 5, 89, 96
Transgender eligibility
, 64, 66–68, 70–71
Transgender trickster discourse
, 157–158
Trans girls/women
, 4–6, 8–13, 15, 18, 22, 34, 38, 42, 47–53, 55, 75, 77–79, 82, 88–90, 96, 99, 101–102, 112, 115–118, 138, 140, 141–145, 147, 166–167, 170
Trans inclusion
, 5, 11, 13, 18, 23–24, 95–107, 111, 113–114, 146, 152, 167–168, 171–172
Transphobia, transphobic
, 5, 18–19, 168
Trans rights
, 4, 12, 96
Travers
, 11–12, 171–172
Trump, Donald
, 5, 49
Tucker, Ross.
, 82–83
Twitter, 102
, 169–170
Undeserving
, 13, 155, 158
Unfair advantage discourse
, 11, 41, 51–53, 84, 167
Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI)
, 66
United Kingdom (UK)
, 12, 50, 53, 64, 66, 67, 70–71, 79, 89, 96–98, 154
United Nations (UN)
, 23, 66, 76
UN Human Rights Council
, 23, 66
United States of America
, 8, 13, 37, 38, 46–47, 49–50, 64, 66, 68–71, 79, 82–83, 96, 98, 115, 137
US Federal and State Legal Protections
, 20
Victims
, 142, 147, 167–168
Violence
, 6, 19, 76, 102, 114–115, 117–118, 153
Waterman, Danielle
, 79
Weightlifting
, 52, 155, 157–159
Whittle, Simon
, 7
Williams, Nicola
, 101
Wolfe, Chelsea
, 64
Woman’s Place UK (WPUK)
, 98–102
Women’s sport
, 5, 9, 11–12, 17–29, 32, 35–37, 42, 49, 78–79, 89, 95–107, 144, 146, 166, 168, 171
Women’s Sport Policy Working Group (WSPWG)
, 18, 22, 168
Women’s Sports Foundation
, 23, 78–79, 96–97
World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA)
, 37, 65
World Athletics (WA)
, 6, 7, 51, 64, 66, 170
World Rugby (WR)
, 12, 41, 53, 67–68, 71
Young, Iris Marion
, 13, 109, 113–114
Youth
, 8, 18–20, 22, 24, 38, 47, 70, 76, 77, 103, 110, 115, 117, 137, 139
- Prelims
- Part 1 Trans Inclusion: Contested Terrain
- Chapter 1 Introduction: The Binary World of Sport
- Chapter 2 The Future of Women's Sport Includes Transgender Women and Girls
- Chapter 3 Making Sense of Debate Over Transgender Athletes in Olympic Sport
- Chapter 4 ‘Female’ Sport and Testosterone Panic
- Part 2 Trans Rights: Global, National, Local
- Chapter 5 Competitive Fairness or Inclusion: Balancing Governance and Human Rights Law
- Chapter 6 Examining World Rugby's Transgender Ban and the Perspectives of Cisgender Women Who Play Rugby in England, Canada and Australia
- Chapter 7 Something Old, Something New: Biofeminist Resistance to Trans Inclusion in Sport
- Chapter 8 ‘This Bill Is About Fairness’: An Argument Against the Prioritization of Competitive Fairness at the Expense of Justice in US School Sport
- Part 3 Media Complicity in Trans Exclusion
- Chapter 9 Mediated Moral Panics: Trans Athlete Spectres, the Haunting of Cisgender Girls and Politicians as Moral Entrepreneurs in 2021
- Chapter 10 ‘We're Missing That Humanity’: A Feminist Media Analysis of Laurel Hubbard and the Tokyo Olympic Games
- Chapter 11 Conclusion: Challenges, Struggles and the Way Forward
- Index