Prelims

Half Title Page

Research in Administrative Sciences Under COVID-19

Title Page

Research in Administrative Sciences Under COVID-19

Edited By

Mónica Lorena Sánchez Limón

Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, México

and

María Luisa Saavedra García

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico

United Kingdom – North America – Japan – India – Malaysia – China

Reviewers

Domestic:

• Dr Lorena Álvarez Castañón. Universidad de Guanajuato, Mexico

• Dr Deyanira Bernal Domínguez. Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Mexico

• Dr Guadalupe del Carmen Briano Turrent. Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico

• Dr Juan Carlos Centeno Maldonado. Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Mexico

• Dr Rosario Cortes Castillo. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico

• Dr Alejandro Ibarra Yúnez. EGADE Business School, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico

• Dr Pablo Daniel Palacios Duarte. Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Mexico

• Dr Teresa Vargas Vega. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Mexico

• Dr Paola Selene Vera Martínez. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico

International:

• Dr Rosa Aura Casal de Altuve. Universidad de Los Andes, Venezuela

• Dr Carmen López Pérez. Universidad de Sevilla, Spain

• Dr Rosana Melean Romero, Universidad de Zulia, Venezuela

• Dr Yorbeth Montes de Oca Rojas. Universidad Luis Vargas Torres de Esmeraldas, Ecuador

• Dr Berta Silva Palavecinos. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Chile

• Dr José Luis Peña Alonso. Universidad de Burgos, Spain

• Dr Mary Analí Vera-Colina. Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Colombia

Copyright Page

Emerald Publishing Limited

Howard House, Wagon Lane, Bingley BD16 1WA, UK

First published by ACACIA as La Investigación en Ciencias Administrativas ante el COVID-19, 2021

English language translation copyright © 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited.

This edition published under exclusive licence from ACACIA, A.C., by Emerald Publishing Limited.

Translated by Tiziana Laudato. This book has been peer-reviewed.

The moral right of the copyright holder and translator has been asserted.

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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

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ISBN: 978-1-80262-298-0 (Print)

ISBN: 978-1-80262-297-3 (Online)

ISBN: 978-1-80262-299-7 (Epub)

Table of Contents

About the Editors

Mónica Lorena Sánchez Limón, PhD in Management from Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, is a Full-time Professor at Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, School of Commerce and Administration, Victoria Campus and a Member of the National System of Researchers, Level II, and certified by the National Association of Faculties and Schools of Accounting and Administration. She is also the National President of the Academy of Administrative Sciences ACACIA, A.C. and a Member of the Academy of Management and European Academy of Management. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0671-0076

María Luisa Saavedra García, PhD in Management from Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, is a Full-time Professor at Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, School of Accounting and Management and a Member of the National System of Researchers, Level II. She is a recipient of the National University Award in Teaching from UNAM, the National Vice President of Chapters of the Academy of Administrative Sciences ACACIA, A.C., and the President of the Research Commission of the Mexican Institute of Finance Executives. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3297-1157

About the Contributors

Arturo Briseño García, PhD in Administrative Sciences from EGADE Business School at Tecnológico de Monterrey, is a Research Professor at Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, School of Commerce and Administration, Ciudad Victoria campus, a Candidate to national researcher at the National System of Researchers, and an Editor of the Ciencias Administrativas Teoría y Praxis journal. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6567-241X

María Guadalupe Calderón Martínez, PhD in Economics and Management of Innovation and Technology Policy from Universidad Complutense de Madrid, is a Full-time Professor at Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, FES Cuautitlán, Member of the Faculty of Tutors of the Graduate Programme in Management Sciences at UNAM, Member of the National System of Researchers, Level I, and is responsible for the Entrepreneurship Chapter of the Academy of Administrative Sciences ACACIA, A.C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8257-9057

Elsa Esther Choy Zevallos, PhD in Sciencies Accounting and Business from Universidad Alas Peruanas, is a Full-time Professor at Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, School of Accounting Sciences. She is a Researcher with National Scientific and Technological Registry, MR group, Level I, is a recipient of the Scientific Merit Award from the UNMSM, and is a Member of the Inter-American Accounting Association Technical Commission of Accounting Research. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8580-8495

María del Rosario Demuner Flores, PhD in Economic-Administrative Sciences from Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Mexico, is a Full-time Professor at Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Mexico, School of Accounting and Management and a Member of the National System of Researchers, Level I, with PRODEP Profile. She is the Director of Revista de Estudios en Contaduría, Administración e Informática. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4542-9113

Xochitl Escamilla Arango has a Master’s degree in Business Management from Universidad Juarez del Estado de Durango, with emphasis in creation of micro-, small-, and medium-sized enterprises management and is a Full-time research Professor in Software Engineering at Universidad Politécnica de Durango and works at Guión Bajo 13, as Frontend Developer. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0311-8939

Julián Ferrer Guerra has a Master of Science in Information Systems from the Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey. He is a Research Professor at the Tecnológico Nacional de Mexico in Celaya, Department of Economic and Administrative Sciences and a Member of Acacia and the ANFECA Academy. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0178-8851

Guillermo Flores Téllez, PhD in Industrial Engineering from Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, is a Director of Research and Innovation of the Systematic Training Centre for the Development of Technologies, CASDT. He is the President of the World Hosin Kwonbub Federation, Mexico branch for South Korea, the President of the Mexican Federation of Applied Sports Sciences, Puebla, Mexico, and Vice President of the Mexican Association of TRIZ for Mexico and Latin America. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9881-4402

Oscar Galván Mendoza, PhD in Administrative Sciences from la Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, is a Full-time Research Professor at Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, School of Social and Management Sciences, Ensenada, Baja California and is a Coordinator of the Master’s programme in taxation at the same institution. He is a Candidate to national researcher of the National System of Researchers and is a winner of first place in the National Postgraduate Thesis Award by ANFECA. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6136-2214

Jaime Garnica González, PhD in Strategic Planning and Technology Management from Universidad Popular Autónoma de Puebla, is a Full-time Professor at Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Institute of Basic Sciences and Engineering and a Member of the National System of Researchers, Level I. He has been recognised three times by the World Hosin Kwonbub Federation for technological contributions and is responsible for the Operations Management, Engineering and Systems Management Chapter of ACACIA. He is a Member of the Mexican Association of TRIZ for Mexico and Latin America. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2453-5144

José Gerardo Ignacio Gómez Romero, PhD in Management from Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, is a Full-time Professor at Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, School of Economics, Accounting and Administration and a Member of the Academy of Administrative Sciences ACACIA. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6322-6133

Dora Lilia Guzmán Cruz has a Master’s degree in Management from Instituto Tecnológico de Oaxaca. She is a Full-time Professor at Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIIDIR Unidad Oaxaca, a Member of the Academy of Natural Resources Management at CIIDIR Oaxaca, and a COFAA-IPN Fellow. https//orcid.org/0000-0002-9815-3229

Sergio Madero Gómez, PhD in Economics and Business Management from Universidad de Deusto, San Sebastián campus, Spain, is a Full-time Professor at the Business School at Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey N.L. and a Member of the National System of Researchers, Level I. He is the Vice President of Committees of the Academy of Administrative Sciences and a Member of the Academy of Management and the Academy of International Business. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3996-7609

Ana Laura Medina Conde, PhD in Law and Legal Argumentation from Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, is a Postdoctorate in Law from Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain and a Full-time Professor at Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, School of Law. She is a Member of the National System of Researchers, Level I and is responsible for the Legal Aspects in Organizations Chapter of the Academy of Administrative Sciences ACACIA. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4203-4383?lang=en

Carlos Alberto Moncada Sierra is a Mechatronics Engineer at the Tecnológico Nacional de Mexico in Celaya. He is a Candidate for a Master’s degree in Administrative Management at the Tecnológico Nacional de Mexico in Celaya and an Industrial Engineering Intern at Universidad Virtual del Estado de Guanajuato. He is the Cultural Representative of the state of Guanajuato in the United States, Canada, and Japan and Co-founder and former President of the altruistic group Linces por el Servicio at the Tecnológico Nacional de Mexico in Celaya.

Heriberto Niccolas Morales, PhD in Strategic Planning and Technology Management from Universidad Popular Autónoma de Puebla, is a Full-time Professor at Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Institute of Basic Sciences and Engineering, Academic Area of Engineering and Architecture. He has a recognition of Desirable Profile by the Program for the Development of Teaching Personnel (PRODEP) belonging to the Ministry of Public Education (SEP). He is a Member of the Mexican Association of TRIZ, A.C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6402-121X

Héctor Alonso Olivares Aguayo, PhD in Economics from Instituto Politécnico Nacional, is a Full-time Level B Research Professor at Universidad LA Salle Mexico, Business School, Condesa Campus. He is a Candidate for National Researcher of the National System of Researchers and a Member of the Mexican Actuarial College and the International Risk and Actuarial Association. https://0000-0003-2609-8627

Oscar Eliud Ortíz Mendoza has a Master’s degree in Telecommunications Administration from Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey Campus and is a PhD candidate in Management from EGADE Business School at Tecnológico de Monterrey. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6432-589X

Martha Ríos Manríquez, PhD in Accounting and Auditing from Universidad Complutense de Madrid, is a Research Professor at University of Guanajuato, School of Administrative Sciences, Campus Celaya’-Salvatierra. She is a Level II Researcher of the National System of Researchers, PRODEP Profile Professor, responsible for liaison in the Academy of Administrative Sciences ACACIA, A.C., Member of the RAITES network, President of the International Network RENUTEG, Member of the research group in Spain ICGEEP, and Editor of the RAITES Journal and Acta Universitaria. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3752-9886

Alan Francisco Rodríguez Jasso has a Master’s degree in International Business from Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas and is a student on the Doctorate Programme in Administrative Sciences at Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, School of Commerce and Administration, Ciudad Victoria Campus. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9489-4874

Lucero de Jesús Rodríguez Jasso has a Master’s degree in Business Administration with emphasis in Strategic Management from Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas and is a Doctoral student in Administrative Sciences at Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, School of Commerce and Administration, Ciudad Victoria Campus. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7475-7685

Arcelia Toledo López, PhD in Philosophy in Management from the EGADE-ITESM Business School, is a Full-time Professor at the Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIIDIR Unidad Oaxaca. She is a Member of the National System of Researchers, Level I, President of the Academy of Natural Resources Management at CIIDIR Oaxaca, and is responsible for the SMEs chapter at the Academy of Administrative Sciences ACACIA, A.C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2328-5438

Francisco Martín Villarreal Solís, PhD in Management from Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, is a Full-time Professor at Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, School of Economics, Accounting and Management and is responsible for the Organization Theory Chapter of the Academy of Administrative Sciences ACACIA. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9251-5084

Mariana Zerón Félix, PhD in Management from Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, is a Full-time Professor at Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, School of Commerce and Administration, Victoria Campus and is a Member of the National System of Researchers, Level I, and responsible for the Knowledge Management Chapter of the Academy of Administrative Sciences ACACIA, A.C. She is ANFECA Certified Teacher. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0584-6884

Preface

For centuries past, particularly the present twenty-first, we have witnessed a variety of events that have pushed our planet to what we once thought was the limit. However, we had no idea what we would have to deal with when a new variant of a virus made its way across borders and turned into the very phenomenon we used to read about in history books: a pandemic. This book presents a variety of situations and topics presented in texts co-authored by renowned national and international academics under the coordination of Dr Sánchez Limón, President of the Academy of Administrative Sciences ACACIA; and Dr Saavedra García, President of the Research Commission of the Mexican Institute of Finance Executives - IMEF.

We are constantly receiving, consuming, and experiencing the effects of the pandemic whose prospective recovery I dare to call bleak and completely different from what we have had to deal with in previous global crises. In this sense, the five areas on which this research focusses offer a series of strategic factors to support the indispensable and necessary reinvention - from this year and onwards - of all organisations that contribute to our countries’ society and economy. The key role that foreign trade, micro-, small-, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs), human capital, marketing, and business strategies play in the quest to create a more sustainable and inclusive world is undeniable. Ideally, we should all have been proactively focussing our actions for decades, prioritising our societies’ survival. However, as the authors rightly point out, our country and region is made up of a population dependent on subsistence businesses that was already struggling with constant challenges, including the closing of borders and a subsequent reinforcement of the global economic crisis derived from the sudden transition to the virtual world.

In this respect, this work is intended to offer added value in view of such a transition and contributes to the efforts to diversify services and products that are undoubtedly underway. It also supports public awareness raising about the fact that any crisis requires the impact of our actions along the value chain to reach both the target audience of each of our sectors and society as a whole. These pages echo a clear unison of voices that - while recognising the difficult scenarios in terms of foreign investment, limited foreign trade, the impact of whether a service or product is a basic need, and our societies’ affected purchasing power - also highlight the importance of access to and mastery of technology, as well as the relevance of the human factor. Finally, I note that, indirectly, through the perspective of the economic and administrative sciences, this work brings to light just how negligent we have been of the impact suffered intensively by our population during the pandemic and the need to provide an innovative and empathetic response to it.

The impact of this work lies precisely in its attenuating approach to the complicated status quo and the joint work of the authors who, through different voices and perspectives, offer us a glimpse of the reality that the populations of Mexico and Latin America are experiencing in the field of management sciences. The work stands out for its focus on the voices of national and regional producers, the increasingly valued competitiveness, the indispensable value and understanding of human capital, the vital and necessary technology, and the understanding of the value of solidarity and responsibility towards society. I applaud the authors’ imparting, throughout the research, of statistical data, methodologies, results, alternatives, and tools to improve our decision-making in light of today’s ‘new reality’. I hope you enjoy this as much as I have.

Dr Eduardo Ávalos Lira, President of the Accrediting Council for Social, Accounting, and Administrative Sciences in Latin America.

Presentation

COVID-19 has forced states and economic and social agents to propose solutions to the unforeseen and complex challenges of the pandemic. In this context, ‘Research in Administrative Sciences Under COVID-19’ provides an exceptional scientific approach from different areas of the administration to analyse and propose appropriate measures that will effectively contribute to curbing the economic and social crisis triggered by the pandemic and recovering the ‘normality’ that everyone longs for.

The approach employed in this work is exemplary in terms of transferring the knowledge that universities must provide in order to contribute to public well-being and social progress. The studies it includes address this objective in a prompt and innovative spirit. Its proposals are based on the factual situation, its rationale and study, and are pragmatically projected so that they can be assessed and monitored. All the studies presented contribute to decision-making in public and private organisations for the design of economic and social reactivation policies that improve companies’ competitiveness and employment in COVID-19 crisis.

The work has been systematised into three main sections (Companies and SMEs, Human Capital and Knowledge Management, and Marketing and Business Strategies), reflecting the meticulous planning that went into delivering the proposed results. My sincere congratulations to the coordinators of the scientific work for their approach to the topics addressed and for their comprehensive structure. The sequence of the different studies included is decisive in making decisions on how to overcome the pandemic, particularly considering its effects on micro-, small-, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs).

Accordingly, the study on Latin American MSMEs competitiveness under COVID-19 emphasises the commitment to the priority focus on the inclusive development of citizens in the closest regional environments in order to overcome vulnerability in terms of self-employment. The proposals made for strengthening the implementation of MSME policies and the design of the new programmes and practices presented will help to bolster the economy of the affected sectors through entrepreneurship and self-employment. These proposals should be supported as launching pads for job creation and social recognition.

In the economic and social situation described, research into the innovative and proactive practices adopted by subsistence businesses makes it possible to measure the effort made and its evaluation as a reference of opportunities to adopt new marketing and consumption habits. The reflections presented in the work ensure the reinforcement and singularisation of certain sales lines that must be consolidated through diversification and the incorporation of new technologies as guarantees of future permanence.

Analysing the effects of COVID on the export sector makes it possible to measure the stability of national production and its safeguarding, while at the same time helping to detect and promote opportunities and niches for new products with the greatest potential in pandemic situations. This line of research offers new studies of particular reference for the adoption of reinforcement measures for the national industry.

In all economic decisions and policies, knowledge management is a determining factor for company competitiveness, which in turn has a direct impact on a region’s labour and social framework. The multiple case study of knowledge management at UNAM and the responses to COVID reinforce the need to link the university to groups within society. The evaluation of these results must be decisive in modulating the mission and vision of a modern and competitive university at the service of social well-being. The direct transfer of knowledge management to companies in the shortest possible time is one of the university’s main objectives at all times but particularly in such times of economic and social crisis.

The study of the impact of burnout on the intention to quit among university workers in Tamaulipas is of particular interest. It offers an avenue for further research on staff training and response to unforeseen situations, specifically in overcoming the negative emotional states that the pandemic can engender. In the same direction, the analysis and reflection on the factors that have an impact on the academic stress associated with teleworking under COVID-19 and its effects on students opens up a line of research of maximum interest to implement strategies to strengthen a teaching-learning process that can favour comprehensive training, taking into account the high levels of stress and job burnout that the obligatory nature of online training can cause.

Indeed, the obligatory use of technological procedures for work (teleworking or virtual training) can lead in certain cases to situations of psychosocial suffering that directly affect the mental health of today’s students. The results obtained from the study on technostress in university students on academic performance demonstrate the need for an in-depth examination of the evolution of student behaviour and its direct effects on academic achievement, both from the perspective of the student and the teaching staff. We must not forget that excellence in the acquisition of competences and skills in university education is the effective guarantee for the effective transfer of knowledge to society.

The pandemic and ensuing confinement have automatically led to an expansion of e-commerce. This is clearly demonstrated by the study on the influence of e-commerce on consumption habits under COVID-19 in the City of Durango. This significant expansion of e-commerce in times of pandemic calls for further research on its direct effects on the consumer and on the business sector.

The public service nature of the proposed research questions the application of the design thinking methodology to promote the economic reactivation of start-ups. The application of this methodology appears to be useful as a guide to steer the re-opening and re-launching of enterprises.

This book concludes with a study of the effects of COVID-19 on corporate social responsibility. The literature review reveals that the pandemic has led to a greater understanding of socially responsible practices, which have been boosted by public policy actions with competitive advantages for companies. These favourable measures should continue to be encouraged to reinforce social responsibility at the core of business, particularly in the service of the most vulnerable.

In sum, as I mentioned at the beginning, ‘Research in Administrative Sciences Under COVID-19’ is a compilation of excellent scientific papers of immediate response of knowledge transfer from the University to contribute to citizen well-being and social progress. My sincere congratulations to the coordinators of the paper, Ms Mónica Lorena Sánchez Limón and Ms María Luisa Saavedra García, and to all the participants for the depth of their research and effective proposals to help overcome the economic and social crisis caused by COVID-19.

Dr José Luis Peña Alonso, Professor of Finance and Taxation Law, Universidad de Burgos, Spain