Appendices
ISBN: 978-1-80043-711-1, eISBN: 978-1-80043-708-1
Publication date: 29 November 2021
Citation
(2021), "Appendices", Sarpila, O., Kukkonen, I., Pajunen, T. and Åberg, E. (Ed.) Appearance as Capital, Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 173-176. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80043-708-120210012
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2022 Outi Sarpila, Iida Kukkonen, Tero Pajunen and Erica Åberg. Published by Emerald Publishing Limited
License
These works are published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) licence. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of these works (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this licence may be seen at http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Descriptive Statistics of Analytical Sample: Weighted Proportions of Categorical Variables, Weighted Means and Standard Deviations, as Well as Minimum and Maximum Values of Continuous Variables.
N | Mean/Proportion | Std.dev. | Min | Max | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Daily time in front of the mirror | 1,587 | 14.92 | 16.67 | 0 | 150 |
Belief in appearance as currency | 1,580 | ||||
Disagree | 83 | 5.28 | |||
Somewhat disagree | 199 | 12.60 | |||
Neither agree nor disagree | 482 | 30.53 | |||
Somewhat agree | 646 | 40.88 | |||
Agree | 169 | 10.71 | |||
Gender | 1,595 | ||||
Male | 802 | 50.30 | |||
Female | 793 | 49.70 | |||
Age group | 1,589 | ||||
15–24 | 239 | 15.02 | |||
25–34 | 269 | 16.91 | |||
35–44 | 256 | 16.11 | |||
45–54 | 282 | 17.72 | |||
55–64 | 288 | 18.12 | |||
65–74 | 256 | 16.11 | |||
Area of living | 1,568 | ||||
Urban | 1,253 | 79.90 | |||
Rural | 315 | 20.10 | |||
Partner status | 1,528 | ||||
Partnered | 1,105 | 72.30 | |||
Single | 2,423 | 27.70 | |||
Subjective class position | 1,600 | ||||
Upper/upper middle class | 403 | 25.20 | |||
Lower middle class | 450 | 28.13 | |||
Working class | 411 | 25.67 | |||
None/other | 336 | 21.00 |
Descriptive Statistics of Analytical Samples: Weighted Proportions of Categorical Variables, Weighted Means and Standard Deviations, as Well as Minimum and Maximum Values of Continuous Variables.
Finland Surveys | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | Mean/Proportion | ||||
Appearance attitude | |||||
Outcome 1 | 935 | 11.57 | |||
Outcome 2 | 2,519 | 31.17 | |||
Outcome 3 | 3,344 | 41.38 | |||
Outcome 4 (original categories 4 and 5) | 1,284 | 15.89 | |||
Year | |||||
1999 | 1,987 | 24.59 | |||
2004 | 2,937 | 36.34 | |||
2009 | 902 | 11.16 | |||
2014 | 980 | 12.13 | |||
2019 | 1,276 | 15.79 | |||
Gender | |||||
Female | 4,431 | 54.83 | |||
Male | 3,651 | 45.17 | |||
Age group | |||||
Older (31–64-year-olds) | 6,116 | 75.67 | |||
Younger (18–30-year-olds) | 1,966 | 24.33 | |||
All | 8,082 | ||||
(Only respondents who had valid scores on independent and dependent variables, non-weighted values) |
The Household Budget Surveys | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | Proportion/Mean | Std.dev. | Min. | Max | |
Proportional share of personal hygiene and beauty care consumption expenditure | 3,327 | 0.019 | 0.032 | 0 | 0.338 |
Year | |||||
1998 | 642 | 19.30 | |||
2001 | 828 | 24.89 | |||
2006 | 588 | 17.67 | |||
2012 | 546 | 16.41 | |||
2016 | 723 | 21.73 | |||
Gender | |||||
Female | 1,665 | 50.05 | |||
Male | 1,662 | 49.95 | |||
Age | 3,327 | 41.34 | 14.46 | 18 | 64 |
Place of residence | |||||
Helsinki metropolitan area | 664 | 19.96 | |||
Other | 2,663 | 80.04 | |||
Education | |||||
Non-academic | 3,036 | 91.25 | |||
Academic | 291 | 8.75 | |||
All | 3,327 | ||||
(Only respondents who had valid scores on independent and dependent variables, weighted values) |
Linear regression of personal hygiene and beauty care consumption (share of total consumption expenditure).
Gender (ref. female) | |
Male | −0.020*** (0.001) |
Year (ref. 1998) | |
2001 | 0.000 (0.002) |
2006 | 0.002 (0.002) |
2012 | −0.001 (0.002) |
2016 | −0.000 (0.002) |
Age (centred) | −0.0002** (0.000) |
Education (ref. non-academic) | |
Academic | 0.003 (0.002) |
Place of residence (ref. other) | |
Helsinki metropolitan area | 0.004* (0.002) |
Constant | 0.028*** (0.002) |
N | 3,327 |
R 2 | 0.114 |
Note: Standard errors in parentheses
*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.
- Prelims
- Introduction
- Part I Accumulating a Gendered Form of Capital
- Chapter 1 Physical Appearance as a Form of Capital: Key Problems and Tensions
- Chapter 2 Who Performs Appearance Work, and Who Believes Appearance Works? Gendered Appearance Beliefs and Practices in Finland
- Chapter 3 The Metrosexual Who Never Visited Finland – The Eternal Gender Gap in Appearance-related Consumption
- Chapter 4 Seeking Age-appropriate Appearance among Ageing Men
- Part II Contested Conversions – Everyday (Re)workings of Aesthetic Capital
- Chapter 5 Too Smart-looking for a Waiter? – Scripting Appearance Norms at the Theatre of Working Life
- Chapter 6 Generating Aesthetic Capital: Prospects from Autobiographical Narratives
- Chapter 7 The Ouroboros of Seeking Validation? Exploring the Interconnection of Appearance (Dis)satisfaction and Content Creation on Social Media
- Chapter 8 Sofie's World: Resistance toward the Thin Ideal in Sofie Hagen's Fat Activist Online Content
- Chapter 9 Well-beshaved Women Rarely Make History – Exploring the Contestation of the Hairless Beauty Ideal with Case #Januhairy
- Conclusion
- Appendices
- Index