Index
James Fowler
(University of Essex, UK)
Strategy and Managed Decline: London Transport 1948–87
ISBN: 978-1-80043-189-8, eISBN: 978-1-80043-188-1
Publication date: 3 September 2021
This content is currently only available as a PDF
Citation
Fowler, J. (2021), "Index", Strategy and Managed Decline: London Transport 1948–87 (Frontiers of Management History), Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 165-168. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80043-188-120211012
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2021 Emerald Publishing Limited
INDEX
Note: Page numbers followed by “n” indicate notes.
Alternative strategies (1973–1987)
, 69–79
American Werewolf in London
, 114n2
Anti-waste league
, 63–64
Appropriate innovation
, 42
Arthur Latham
, 73
Automatic stabiliser effects
, 42
Automatic train control
, 41
Barber Boom
, 52
Behavioural chaos
, 100
British Telecom privatisation
, 64
British Transport Commission (BTC)
, 17
Bromley Borough Council
, 74
Buchanan Report
, 11
Business history
, 2–3, 86, 113
Cars
exnovation and innovation at London Transport (1948–1962)
, 35–41
and innovation
, 33–35
in London
, 114
LTE(GLC) loses
, 44–46
missed turning point
, 42–44
New Transport World of 1963
, 41–42
ownership
, 11, 13, 33–34, 47
ownership
, 33–34
return journey (1983–1987)
, 46–48
revolution
, 11, 24, 48, 117
Case studies
, 2
Centralised hierarchical planning
, 59
Chairmen
, 5, 45, 55, 80, 85–88, 88–99, 99–112, 116
Charles Lathan
, 88
Citizens
, 63, 66–67, 74, 79, 115, 117, 119
Class-based political standpoint
, 62
Collapse phase
, 100
Conception phase
, 100
Congestion
, 12–14, 39, 41, 95, 119
Conservative Party, The
, 62
Consumers
, 11, 14, 115
choice
, 10, 35, 66, 79
individualised choices and transactions of
, 74
Corporate governance
, 2
Costs
, 11, 22, 30, 44–45, 55, 108, 118
minimising
, 48, 72–73, 76–77, 79
Customers
, 39, 54, 67, 75, 115
David Wetzel
, 73
Decline
, 5, 13–15, 53, 59–61
Deloitte
, 28, 104–105
Divestment
, 42–43
Economics
, 2
element
, 113
Efficiency
, 24, 59, 65, 68, 89, 108
Eleanor Lewin
, 73
Elections, Municipal and General
, 3, 115
Environmentalism
, 10
Exceptional personalities
, 86–87
Exnovation
, 35–36, 43 (see also Innovation)
at London Transport 1948–1962
, 35–41
Expenditures
, 20, 51–53
Failure
, 2, 61
Fair Fares
, 48–51
Fare Freeze
, 55, 58, 70, 95, 98
Fares (see Fare Freeze; Fares Fair; Zonal Fares)
Fares Fair
, 45, 119
Finance
, 33, 48–58
decline and fall
, 53–57
expenditures
, 51–53
Fair Fares
, 48–51
observations
, 57–58
Financial management
, 57
Financial stringencies
, 117
Financial systems
, 2
Frank Pick
, 66, 85, 92, 94
Fresh capital investment
, 36–37
Generalisability
, 2–3
Greater London Council (GLC)
, 5, 17, 27, 42–43, 49, 99
Growth matrix strategy planning tool
, 67
Guillebaud Committee
, 38
Hallmarks of decline
, 60
Herbert Morrison
, 66
Historical fidelity
, 2
Home-working revolution
, 117
Hooliganism
, 43
Innovation
, 4, 31, 33–35
cars and
, 33–48
at London Transport 1948–1962
, 35–41
Inquiry (1955)
, 25, 37, 39–40, 46
Institutional logic
, 75
Ken Livingstone
, 5, 28, 62, 73, 75, 107
Kings Cross disaster
, 110
Labour Party
, 62
Labour Party, The
, 61–62, 73, 88
Labour politics
, 20
Land values
, 49
Larry Smith
, 73
Leadership
, 32, 67, 85, 86, 91, 111–112, 118
of London Transport
, 86–87, 117
Legitimising strategy
, 59
Leslie Chapman
, 5, 8, 27–28, 53, 99–100, 102
London County Council (LCC)
, 49, 118
London County Council, The
, 3, 49
London Labour Party
, 88
London Passenger Transport Act (1933)
, 64
London Passenger Transport Board (LPTB)
, 17, 94
London politics
, 61–65
London Regional Transport (LRT)
, 14, 31, 46, 74, 75–76, 109
London Transport
, 1–2, 3–4, 33, 59–60, 113–114 (see also Public transport)
alternative history of
, 118–119
alternative strategies (1973–1987)
, 69–79
anachronistic principles
, 118
Bus Advert
, 12
decline
, 59, 60–61
historical arguments and omissions
, 7–16
leadership and post-war chairmen of
, 86–87
London politics
, 61–65
Pick and Ashfield’s strategic legacy
, 65–67
post-war experience
, 116
strategy (1948–1973)
, 67–69
theoretical dilemmas
, 4–5
London Transport Board (LTB)
, 17, 63
London Transport Board, The
, 5, 17, 63, 74, 94, 99–100
London Transport Executive (LTE)
, 5, 17, 88
in 1948–1962
, 17–24
albatross around neck of London’s ratepayers
, 25–30
collection of placemen and non-entities
, 24–25
nationalisation by back door
, 30–32
London Transport Executive, The (BTC and GLC)
, 5, 17, 88, 93–96
London Transport Executive under aegis of British Transport Commission (LTE-BTC)
, 17
Longevity
, 60
Lord Ashfield
, 16, 19, 22, 24, 31, 33, 36, 54, 65, 77, 85, 110, 114, 115
Lord Latham
, 18–20, 23, 54, 66, 82, 89, 98
LSE
, 101
LTE-Greater London Council (LTE-GLC)
, 17
in 1970–1973
, 42–44
loses
, 44–46
Maintenance costs
, 22
Management of London Transport
, 117
Managerial traits
, 86
Manning
, 63, 68, 115
Martin Wiener
, 99
Merle Amory
, 73
Ministry of Transport (MoT)
, 21
Municipal capitalism
, 48
Municipal politics
, 64
National Health Service
, 58
Nationalisation by back door
, 30–32
New Public Management (NPM)
, 76, 108, 111
New Transport World (1963)
, 41–42
Oil crisis
, 26–27, 45, 56, 119
One Man Operation
, 14, 21, 43, 98, 108
Organisational reform
, 89
Organisational storytelling
, 85
Organisational strategy
, 114
Overmanning
, 51–52
Ownership
, 33–34
PA International Consulting Group
, 16, 28–29, 42, 46
Parking
, 22–23, 68, 91
Passengers (see Citizens; Consumers)
Paul Garbutt
, 8, 49, 74, 99
Pay per mile computation
, 51
Penny per Mile system
, 49
Pick and Ashfield’s strategic legacy
, 65–67
Pick-Ashfield model
, 15, 62, 111
Planning
, 10, 21, 57, 67, 88, 97
Policy decisions
, 59
Political fixing
, 115
Political partisanship
, 56
Population
, 30, 34, 58, 71, 77, 114
Post-war Chairmen
, 85
in 1948–1978
, 88–99
in 1978–1987
, 99–110
of London Transport
, 86–87
in retrospect
, 110–112
Post-war leadership
, 85
Post-war malaise
, 85
Power of property
, 64–65
Pre-war strategy
, 67
Private transport
, 47
Product
, 36
innovation
, 37
values
, 109
Productivity
, 23, 29, 52, 114–115
Profit maximisation
, 4, 6, 48, 59, 69, 72, 115, 117
Property
interest in London
, 64
power of
, 64–65
private
, 69
sanctity of
, 49
taxes
, 63, 71, 119
values
, 49
Public transport
, 6, 35, 47, 62–63, 115, 117
arguments for
, 11
decline
, 85
element of
, 14
finance of
, 40
New Left’s conception of
, 62
provision
, 1, 22, 44, 116–117
purpose
, 15, 57
social purposes
, 50
usage
, 34
wartime boom in
, 18
Qualitative analysis
, 2
QUANGO-like idea
, 40, 46
Quantitative analysis
, 2, 85
Ralph Bennett
, 5, 27–28, 83, 84, 99–100, 104, 109, 111
Ratepayers
, 56, 70
Rational optimalisation
, 35
Rationalisation
, 66
Rebellion phase
, 100
Reithian public service
, 58
Return journey (1983–1987)
, 46–48
Revenues
, 20, 44, 49, 53, 60, 76
farebox
, 40
maximising
, 48
Ridership
, 15, 28–29, 33, 56, 58–59, 60, 115, 117
Road charging
, 96, 119
Road staff shortage
, 42
Sanctity of property
, 49
Senior leadership
, 117
Sir Alec Valentine
, 38, 82, 92, 93, 94
Sir Brian Robertson
, 67
Sir Desmond Plummer
, 96
Sir George Gibb
, 65
Sir Horace Cutler
, 27–28, 99, 100–106, 107
Sir John Elliot
, 20, 22, 25,, 67, 82, 89–92
Sir Keith Bright
, 29–30, 76, 77, 84, 100, 108, 110–112, 116, 117
Sir Kenneth Robinson
, 16, 27, 56, 83, 98–99, 110
Sir Maurice Holmes
, 24–25, 82, 94–95, 99
Sir Peter Masefield
, 28, 30–31, 46, 76, 83, 100, 106–107, 111–112, 116
Sir Richard Way
, 16, 26–29, 28, 32, 47, 83, 96, 98, 102, 111–112, 116
Socialism on Rates
, 65
Soft Budget Contraints
, 61
Staff Shortage
, 13–14, 42–43
Staffing
, 14, 22
Story telling
, 59, 60
Strategic legacy
, 65–67
Strategic Narrative (see Story telling)
Strategy
, 4, 31–33, 53, 65–70
Subsidy
, 27–30, 49, 57, 91, 109, 119
Subterranean gothic
, 114
Systemic over-crowding
, 47
Technical accounts
, 113
Technical innovations
, 41
Ticket pricing
, 72, 115
Transport
, 93
history
, 3–4, 61, 113
provision
, 116
revenues
, 48–49
Transport Act (1962)
, 24
Transport for London (TfL)
, 1, 81, 117–118
Transportation
, 3
Turnaround
, 5–7, 14, 32, 36, 61
Underground Electric Railways Company of London (UERL)
, 65
Urban transport system
, 11
Utility maximisation
, 45, 59, 69, 75, 88, 115
Visionary leadership
, 67
Wages
, 14, 53, 56, 90–92
Zero tolerance policy
, 78
Zonal Fares
, 30, 38, 40, 47, 50, 75, 108
- Prelims
- Chapter 1: Introduction
- Chapter 2: Historical Overview 1948–1987
- Chapter 3: Cars, Innovation and Finance
- Chapter 4: Decline, Politics and Strategy
- Chapter 5: After Ashfield: The Post-war Chairmen
- Chapter 6: Conclusions
- Appendix 1: Competitors and Service Outputs
- Appendix 2: Financial Results
- Appendix 3: Governance
- References
- Index