Academy of Management

, 16

Achievement of personal happiness

, 50

Adaptability

, 163

Advanced Grade

, 93

Age structure, Spain

, 65, 66

Agility

, 8

Aging organisations

, 129–130, 147

Aguilera, Julián Marías

, 53

Alexa

, 98

Alienation

, 92

‘Amoral familism’

, 157–158

Amusing Ourselves to Death: Public Discourse in the Age of Show Business (1985)

, 55

Anti-corruption campaign

, 256–257

Anti-EU rhetoric

, 157

Apprenticeships

, 94, 101, 112, 155–156

Artificial intelligence (AI)

, 98, 112–113

Association of Young Entrepreneurs

, 73

Au-dessus de la mêlée (1915)

, 45, 46

Audio-visual communication

, 70

Austria

, 19–20

Authenticity

, 50, 280–281

Authoritarian parents

, 113

Authoritative relationships

, 122

Automation

, 112–113, 186

Autopoietic systems

, 41–42

Baby Boomers

, 5, 6, 7, 56, 90–91, 170

Baccalauréat

, 114–115

‘The Balkan Route’

, 206

Banking crisis

, 129

Bataclan Generation

, 12, 116

Baudrillard, Jean

, 43

Bauman, Zygmunt

, 49

Behaviour

, 81–82

Berger, Peter L.

, 47

Betriebsverbundenheit (in the sense of belonging to a company)

, 173

Bet-Your-Company Culture

, 171–172

Beverly Hills 90210

, 56

Big data

, 177

Bilateral influence strategies

, 121

Black humour and jokes

, 202–203

Blizzard Entertainment

, 282

‘Blue ticks’ on WhatsApp

, 160

Blue Whale game

, 262

Bologna Process

, 72, 79–80, 174–175

Bonaparte, Napoleon

, 110

Brain drain

, 62

Brain size and intelligence

, 138

Brexit

, 15, 96, 153, 283

Bulgaria

consequences and recommendations

for companies

, 245–246

for education

, 246–247

for individuals

, 245

for research

, 247

culture

, 220

demographics

, 220–222

drivers

influencers

, 227

media

, 226–227

technologies

, 226

economic situation

, 223–224

education

, 224–225

facts

, 221

feeling

, 228–229

future expectation

, 242–245

history

, 218–219

migration in

, 222

personality

, 232–236

political system

, 226

values

, 229–232

work attitudes and preferences

, 236–242

Bulgarian educational system

, 225

Bulgarian vocational training system

, 225

‘Bundestag’

, 175

Bureaucracy

, 142

Capitalism

, 208–209

Catholic ethic

, 119–120

Catholicism

, 111

Central Europe (GenZPanel)

, 18–21

Certainty

, 228–229

Characteristics, Generation Z

behaviour

, 9

coping mechanism

, 8

security

, 8

structure

, 8

Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA)

, 135

Christian Democratic/Social Union (CDU/CSU)

, 175–176

Christian Union (CU)

, 135

Citizenship and employability

, 156

Civil society

, 15

Co-consumption practices

, 121–122

Collaborative learning method

, 247

Collective memory

, 206, 208

Collectivism

, 91

Communication

, 48, 77, 238

and decision-making

, 146

Communication theory

, 39

Competency development

, 238

Competitive gaming

, 281–282

Conceptual cluster analysis

, 239, 240, 241, 243

Consequences and recommendations

Bulgaria

, 245–247

Europe

, 102–104

France

, 121–123

Italy

, 164–166

Netherlands

, 145–147

Russia

, 268–272

Serbia

, 212–214

Spain

, 82–84

United Kingdom (UK)

, 102–104

Context

, 12–13

Convergence

, 10–11, 39

Coping mechanism

, 8

Correctness

, 22

Country-specific characteristics

, 150

Credit crisis

, 129

Critical thinking

, 225

Cryptocurrency

, 283

Cultural aspect

, 4

Cultural contexts

, 209

Cultural differences

, 13

Cultural elements and generational consciousness

, 217–218

Cultural identity

, 11–12

Cultural values

, 14

Culture

based values

, 37

Bulgaria

, 217–226

Europe

, 89–97

France

, 110–116

Germany

, 170–177

Italy

, 150–158

Netherlands

, 128–137

Russia

, 254–257

Serbia

, 200–206

Spain

, 62–75

United Kingdom (UK)

, 89–97

‘Culture of the West’

, 208–209

‘Curriculum for Excellence’ framework

, 93

Cynicism

, 92

Dallas

, 56

Dark side

, 5

Darwiportunistic

, 6

‘Death groups’

, 263

Defamiliarisation

, 154–155

De Gaulle, Charles

, 110

Degrees and job stability

, 76

Delegated budget system

, 225

Democracy

, 10–11

and transparency

, 255

Democracy Index ranks

, 115–116

Democratic values

, 24, 208–209

Democrats 66 (D’66)

, 135

Demographics

Bulgaria

, 220–222

Europe

, 92

France

, 111

Germany

, 173–174

Italy

, 153–154

Netherlands

, 132

Russia

, 255

Serbia

, 203

Spain

, 65–66

United Kingdom (UK)

, 92

‘Deutschland AG 4.0’

, 176

‘Developing skills’

, 122–123

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

, 117

Digital communication

, 270

Digital competence

, 225

Digital divide

, 257, 264, 268, 271

See also Russia

Digital immigrants

, 116–117

Digitalisation

, 8, 37, 39, 177

Digital literacy

, 69–70

Digital migrants

, 123

Digital natives

, 6, 116–117, 122–123, 185, 247, 279–280

Digital Natives

, 151

Digital revolution

, 112–113

Digital signs

, 43

Digital socialisation, Spain

conflicts and tensions

, 75

consequences and recommendations

for companies

, 82–84

for individuals

, 82

crime statistics in

, 63

culture

, 62–65

demographics

, 65–66

drivers

influencers

, 77, 78

media

, 77

technologies

, 75–77

economic situation

, 66–70

education

, 70–74

history

, 62

political system

, 74–75

Digitarians

, 151

The Disappearance of Childhood (1982)

, 55, 56

Disinformation

, 56

Dissatisfaction

, 22, 49

Do it yourself (DIY) culture

, 83–84

‘Domino’ project

, 225

Drivers

Bulgaria

, 226–227

Europe

, 97–98

France

, 116–118

Germany

, 177–178

Italy

, 158–159

Netherlands

, 137–140

Russia

, 257–264

Serbia

, 207–209

Spain

, 75–77

United Kingdom (UK)

, 97–98

Dual-screen phenomenon

, 259

Dumber people

, 138

Dutch Generation Z

, 141

energisers and energy takers of

, 145

negative and positive views on

, 142

Dutch Population Pyramid and Generations

, 133

E-commerce

, 268

Economic and social cohesion

, 155–156

Economic buoyancy

, 90–91

Economic crisis

, 62

Economic situation

Bulgaria

, 223–224

Europe

, 92–93

France

, 112–113

Germany

, 174

Italy

, 154–155

Netherlands

, 132–133

Russia

, 255

Serbia

, 203–204

Spain

, 66–70

United Kingdom (UK)

, 92–93

Economic stability

, 219

Economy and political turbulence

, 201

Education

Bulgaria

, 224–225

Europe

, 93–95

France

, 114–115

Germany

, 174–175

Italy

, 155–157

Netherlands

, 133–134

Russia

, 255–256

Serbia

, 204–205

Spain

, 70–74

United Kingdom (UK)

, 93–95

Educational inequalities

, 156

Educational system

, 26, 114–115

El método histórico de las generaciones (1967)

, 53

Emigration

, 67, 219

intentions

, 22

and mobility

, 153

‘Emo culture’

, 267

Emotional consumption autonomy

, 120–121

Emotional stability

, 209–210

Emotions

, 144–145, 265

Employability

, 155

and entrepreneurship

, 155–156

Employment

, 8

Emprender en España (Entrepreneurship in Spain)

, 69

Engagement/commitment

, 9

‘Enhanced’ Millennials generation

, 165

Entertainment and consumption society

, 83

Entreprendre pour Apprendre (‘Learn By Undertaking’)

, 115

Entrepreneurialisation of self

, 79

‘Entrepreneurship, reflexivity and independence’

, 157–158

eSports

, 281–282

Ethnic attitudes

, 209

Ethnic heritage

, 201

Europe

age cohort effect

, 7

conflicts and tensions

, 96–97

consequences and recommendations

for employers

, 102–103

for politicians

, 104

for research

, 103

culture

, 91–92

demographics and diversity

, 92

differences and similarities

, 17

drivers

, 97–98

technologies and media

, 97–98

dynamics of

, 4

economic situation

, 92–93

education

, 93–95

feeling

, 99–100

five generations

, 5–7

history

, 90–91

logic of ‘generations’

, 5–9

political system

, 95–96

thinking and doing

, 100–102

time spans, relevance of

, 7–8

‘European generation’

, 45

European HM

, 14

European integration

, 11

European Union (EU)

, 45, 153, 204

policies

, 11

Executive authority in Serbia

, 205

Expectations towards working life

, 183

Externalisation process

, 48

Extroversion

, 210

Facebook

, 56, 117–118, 207

lives

, 160

FaceTime

, 160

Face-to-face communication

, 122–123, 180

‘Fake News’

, 56

‘Familism by default’

, 157–158

Family

, 202, 205, 208

Fascination of Europe

, 11–14

context

, 12–13

information technology

, 12

multiculturality

, 13–14

values

, 13

Federal Ministry for Labour and Social Affairs

, 187

Feeling

, 50, 78–79

Bulgaria

, 228–229

Europe

, 99–100

France

, 118–119

Germany

, 179–181

Italy

, 160–161

Netherlands

, 140–141

Russia

, 265–266

Serbia

, 209–210

Spain

, 78–79

United Kingdom (UK)

, 99–100

Financial crisis

, 219

Financial independence

, 228–229

‘First Republic’ era

, 157

Flexibility

, 8, 143

Focus

, 228–229

Ford Motor Company

, 9

Foreign languages skills

, 163

Formal qualifications

, 101, 163

France

behaviour

, 120–121

conflicts and tensions

, 116

consequences and recommendations

for companies

, 122–123

for families

, 121–122

for politicians

, 123

for research

, 123

culture

, 110–111

demographics

, 111

drivers

influencers

, 118

media

, 117–118

technologies

, 116–117

economic situation

, 112–113

education

educational system

, 114–115

socialisation

, 113

feeling

, 118–119

history

, 110

political system

, 115–116

thinking

attitudes

, 119–120

personality

, 119

visions

, 120

Freedom of action

, 54

Freedom, Power, and Democratic Planning (1950)

, 35

Freelance informers

, 79–80

Free-range parenting

, 212–213

Free time

, 228–229

French Baccalauréat

, 110

French phenomenon

, 13

French Revolution

, 110

Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES)

, 21–25

Friends networks

, 51

G8

, 175

G500

, 135

Gemeinschaft

, 36

Gender regimes

, 209

General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE)

, 93

Generational consumption gap

, 157–158

‘Generational contacts’ in Europe

, 11

Generational label

, 150

‘Generational unit’ concept

, 150

Generation Bataclan

, 116

‘Generation Fear’

, 180

Generation-forming factor

, 257–258

Generation of contradictions

, 264

Generation P

, 272

Generation Putin. See Russia

Generations

, 35–36

Generation X

, 6, 95

Generation X

, 170

Generation Y

, 6, 90–91, 92–93, 255, 277–278

Gen Tech

, 151

Gen Wii

, 151

‘GenZ’ in Spain

behaviour

, 81–82

feeling

, 78–79

thinking

attitudes

, 80

opinions

, 79–80

personality

, 79

visions

, 80

‘Gen Z management’ study

, 122–123

GenZPanel

, 18–21

German − French reconciliation and friendship

, 46

German political system

, 175–176

Germany

, 19–20

conflicts and tensions

, 176–177

culture

, 171–173

demographics

, 173–174

doing

, 184–186

drivers

influencers

, 178

media

, 177–178

technology

, 177

economic situation

, 174

education

, 174–175

feeling

, 179–181

fears

, 180

hopes

, 180–181

values

, 179–180

history

, 170–171

political system

, 175–176

recommendations

for civil society

, 190

for companies

, 188–189

for individuals

, 187–188

for politicians

, 189–190

for research

, 189

rejecting

, 186–187

thinking

, 181–183

parents

, 181–182

plans

, 183

priorities

, 182

values creation

, 187

Giddens, Anthony

, 50

Gig economy

, 79

‘Girls Days’

, 182

‘Giuseppe Toniolo’ Institute of Higher Education

, 152

Global Generation Z

, 9–10

Globalisation

, 39, 217–218, 219

of culture

, 209

Globalised labour markets

, 50

Global village

, 40

Global Village (1989)

, 39

Google’s Assistant

, 98

Grey literature

, 151

Gross domestic product (GDP)

, 204

‘Groups of death’

, 262

Hashtags

, 160

Health-related risks and social media

, 138

Helicopter parenting

, 94, 212–213

‘Heute-show’

, 178

HILL International Bulgaria

, 228, 233–234

Historia de la filosofía (1941)

, 53

Historical-social process

, 5

History

Bulgaria

, 218–219

Europe

, 90–91

France

, 110

Germany

, 170–171

Italy

, 152–153

Netherlands

, 128–130

Russia

, 254

Serbia

, 200–201

Spain

, 62

United Kingdom (UK)

, 90–91

‘Homeland Generation’

, 13

Horizon 2020 Research Programme

, 74–75

Hospitality and solidarity

, 64–65

Hostage-taking

, 116

Human capital

, 66–67

Humanitarian crisis

, 75

Human resource management (HRM)

, 11, 14, 37

Hyper-flexibility

, 15

Hyperreality

, 43–44

Hyperreal world

, 43–44

Image-based platforms

, 77

Immigration into Generation Z

, 25

Impressionism movement

, 110–111

Impressions and constructions

, 37

An Inconvenient Truth (2006)

, 129

Independence

, 179, 200, 206

Individualism

, 91, 245

Individuals’ potential value of earning revenue

, 66–67

Indulgence

, 92

Influencers

, 56, 77, 78

Information and communication technologies (ICTs)

, 69, 129

‘Information societies’

, 209

Information technology

, 6, 9–10, 12

Insecurity and fear

, 50

Insider/outsider dualism

, 154–155

Instability

, 212

Instagram

, 55, 77, 97–98, 117–118

Institutional Review Board (IRB)

, 123

Intelligence

, 138

Interconnectivity

, 77

Intercultural competence

, 11–12

Intercultural differences

, 11–12

Interculturality

, 11–12

Inter-ethnic relationships

, 208

Intergenerational communication

, 41

Intergenerational relationship

, 157–158

International Criminal Tribunal for former Yugoslavia (ICTY)

, 206

Internationalisation

, 69

International networking digital skills

, 68–69

International terrorism

, 96–97

Internet

, 56, 116, 129, 256, 260–261

and online digitalisation

, 62

technologies

, 39

Interpersonal relationships

, 233–234

INVALSI surveys

, 156

The Invisible Religion (1967)

, 47

Invitation to Sociology: A Humanistic Perspective (1963)

, 47

Irish Republican Army (IRA)

, 90–91

ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and Syria)

, 116

Islamic extremism

, 91

Italian youth

, 166

Italy

conflicts and tensions

, 157–158

consequences and recommendations

for companies

, 165

for individuals

, 165

for politicians

, 166

for research

, 165–166

culture

, 153

demographics

, 153–154

doing

, 164

drivers

influencers

, 159

media

, 159

technologies

, 158–159

economic situation

, 154–155

education

, 155–157

feeling

, 160–161

history

, 152–153

political system

, 157

thinking

, 161–164

attitudes

, 163

opinions

, 162

personality

, 162

visions

, 164

Jean-Christophe (1904 − 1912)

, 45, 46

Job

insecurity

, 22

instability

, 73–74

market

, 218

mobility

, 74

rotation

, 67

security

, 100–101

Judicial authority in Serbia

, 205–206

KGOY (kids to grow older, younger)

, 55–56

Kolo

, 202

Kruskal − Wallis test

, 18

Labour markets

, 3

Leadership responsibility

, 18

League of Communists of Serbia (LCS)

, 200–201

Learning processes

, 151

Legislative authority in Serbia

, 205

Leisure, Spanish culture

, 64

Lifelong guidance

, 155–156

Lifelong learning

, 155–156

Liquefaction

, 50

Liquidation

, 49–50

Liquid modernity

, 49

Liquid Modernity (2000)

, 49

Liquid Times: Living in an Age of Uncertainty (2007)

, 49

Long-term employment

, 16

Long-term orientation

, 91

Loyalty to oneself

, 50

Luckmann, Thomas

, 47

Luhmann, Niklas

, 41

LuxVoor

, 135

Maagdenhuis

, 144

Macron, Emmanuel

, 116, 123

Mannheim, Karl

, 35, 49

Marketable skills

, 101

Masculinity/femininity

, 91

Mass culture and mass consumption

, 152–153

Mass shooting

, 116

McLuhan, Marshall

, 39

Media

, 40, 77

Bulgaria

, 226–227

Europe

, 97–98

France

, 117–118

Germany

, 173, 177–178

Italy

, 159

Netherlands

, 138–140

Russia

, 259–261

Serbia

, 207

Spain

, 77

United Kingdom (UK)

, 97–98

Media Consumption Forecasts survey

, 226

The Medium Is the Massage (1967)

, 39

Messaging app Kik

, 97–98

Migration crisis

, 153

Millennials

, 6, 90–91, 165, 218, 255

Mistakes in dealing with Generation Z

, 36–37

Mobilisation via social networks

, 256–257

‘Modern information technology’

, 10

Modernity and Self-identity

, 50

‘Momo’

, 263

‘Monocultural’ homogenous society

, 14

Mother − teenage daughter generations

, 122

Motivation

, 228–229

Multiculturality

, 13–14

Multi-screen media consumption

, 226, 259

Narcissus trance

, 40

National Bank of Serbia (NBS)

, 204

Nationalism

, 15, 75, 157, 209

Nationalism into Generation Z

, 25

National Qualification (NQ) at Standard Grade

, 93

National R&D Plan

, 74–75

National Youth Institute of Spain

, 64

‘Native digital’

, 151

Natural born digitals

, 278

NEETS

, 112

Neo-liberal interpretation

, 15

Netflix

, 160

Net Gen

, 151

Netherlands

, 19–20

conflicts and tensions

, 136–137

consequences and recommendations

for companies

, 146

for individuals

, 145–146

for politicians

, 147

for research

, 146–147

culture

bikes

, 131

festivities

, 131

flood control, dikes and polders

, 130–131

going dutch

, 132

liberal, diverse and calvinistic

, 130

religion

, 131

shaking hands

, 132

speaking foreign languages

, 131

demographics

, 132

doing

, 144–145

drivers

influencers

, 140

media

, 138–140

technologies

, 137–138

economic situation

, 132–133

education

, 133–134

feeling

, 140–141

history

, 128–130

political system

, 134–136

thinking

attitudes

, 143–144

opinions

, 142–143

personality

, 141–142

visions

, 144

Neuroticism

, 210

‘New Work’

, 176

No-layoff policies

, 8

‘Non-aligned Movement’

, 200–201

Non-licensed online media

, 260

North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO)

, 200–201, 219

‘Nostalgia of solidity’

, 49–50

Not in Employment, Education or Training (NEETS)

, 112

OASIS Project

, 64–65

OECD-PISA surveys

, 156

Offline communication

, 265

One-way ANOVA

, 229

collectivistic values, comparison

, 233

conservatism values, comparison

, 231

openness to change values, comparison

, 234

self-transcendence values, comparison

, 230

traditional values, comparison

, 232

universalism values, comparison

, 231

Online communication

, 180

Online poker

, 160

Online work

, 79

Open-minded attitude

, 143

Openness

, 144

‘Orange madness’

, 131

Oranjegekte

, 131

Organisational behaviour

, 37

Organisational socialisation

, 81

Over-bureaucratic system

, 8

Pacifists

, 45

‘Paradigm of activation’

, 157–158

Parallel career

, 246

Parental influence

, 121

Parent’s interaction with Z-children

, 146

Partnerschaft (partnership)

, 173

Patriotism

, 254

Peacefully fighting

, 143–144

Peculiarities

, 257

People categorisation

, 47

People’s Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD)

, 135

Permanent reflexivity

, 49

Perseverance

, 228–229

Personal amusement

, 57

‘Personal Dignity’

, 22

Personal identity

, 50

Personalisation

, 260

Personal media gadget

, 40

Personal network

, 163

Pessimistic

, 112–113, 118–119, 120

Pinterest

, 117–118

PlayStation games

, 76–77

Plurals

, 151

Poldermodel

, 128

‘Poldery’ culture

, 129

Political and economic transition

, 255

Political dynamics

, 3

Political engagement

, 7

Political instability

, 157

Political satire

, 202–203

Political socialisation

, 7

Political stability, Germany

, 175

Political system

Bulgaria

, 226

Europe

, 95–96

France

, 115–116

Germany

, 175–176

Italy

, 157

Netherlands

, 134–136

Serbia

, 205–206

Spain

, 74–75

United Kingdom (UK)

, 95–96

Political youth organisations

, 135

Population pyramid, Spain

, 65, 66

Population rejuvenation

, 153–154

Positive-minded colleagues

, 143

Post-digital generation

, 43

Postman, Neil

, 55

Post-revolutionary period

, 255

Poverty

, 22

and social exclusion

, 219

Power distance

, 91

Pre-defined identity

, 49

Preschool education, Serbia

, 204–205

Primary socialisation

, 62

‘The Prisoner of Urkagan Unity’

, 263

Private life

, 21

Process Culture

, 171–172

Pro-environmental behaviours

, 121

Professional realisation

, 228–229

Proletariats of self-realisation

, 79

Protectionism

, 157

Protest Generation

, 143–144

Protest seniors

, 143–144

Pro-Western political orientation

, 219

Public policies

, 62

Radical fluidity

, 49

Rational cost-benefit process

, 68–69

Recreational shopping

, 117–118

Refugee crisis

, 176

Religious denominations

, 220

Retirement and unemployment

, 154–155

Retrotopia (2017)

, 49

Reverse socialisation

, 121

Right-wing liberal

, 135

Rolland, Romain

, 45

Roman Catholic

, 111

A Rumor of Angles: Modern Society and the Rediscovery of the Supernatural (1969)

, 47

Russia

conflicts and tensions

, 257

consequences and recommendations

, 268–272

for companies

, 270

for individuals

, 269–270

for politicians

, 271–272

for research

, 271

culture

, 254

demographics

, 255

doing

, 267–268

drivers

, 257–264

influencers

, 261–264

media

, 259–261

technologies

, 258–259

economic situation

, 255

education

, 255–256

feeling

, 265–266

generation of contradictions

, 264

history

, 254

political situation

, 256–257

thinking

, 266–267

SamyRoad company

, 77

Santos, Requena

, 68

School governance

, 155–156

School to Work Alternance

, 155–156

Schwartz Values theory

, 229

Screen addicts

, 122–123

Searching, Generations in Europe

Central Europe (GenZPanel)

, 18–21

qualitative research

Academy of Management

, 16

guiding beliefs

, 15–16

quantitative research

, 16–25

South-eastern Europe (Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung)

, 21–25

Second Republic

, 157

Secularism

, 114

Security

, 228–229

Self-confidence

, 71–72, 228–229, 241–242

Self-confident youth

, 162

Self-definition

, 71–72

Self-determination

, 49, 129

Self-employment

, 73, 79

Self-enhancement

, 229

Self-entrepreneurship attitudes

, 156

Self-evaluation

, 162

Self-experimentation

, 158

Self-fulfilment

, 50

and authenticity

, 51

Self-growth

, 158

Self-learning

, 71–72

Self-realisation

, 163, 179

Self-transcendence

, 229–230

Serbia

conflicts and tensions

, 206

consequences and recommendations

for companies

, 213

for individuals

, 212–213

for politicians

, 214

for research

, 214

culture

, 201–203

demographics

, 203

doing

, 211–212

drivers

influencers

, 208–209

media

, 207

technologies

, 207

economic situation

, 203–204

education

, 204–205

socialisation

, 205

feeling

, 209–210

history

, 200–201

political system

, 205–206

thinking

opinions/attitudes

, 210–211

personality

, 210

visions

, 211

Serbian dinar (RSD)

, 204

Serbian folk customs

, 202

Serbian humour

, 202–203

Sharing jokes

, 202–203

Silent Generation

, 5–6, 255

Single-parent families

, 95

Sinterklaas

, 131

Siri

, 98

Si-si (yes-yes) generation

, 72

Slava

, 202

Smartphones

, 37, 55, 116–117, 259

Snapchat

, 97–98, 117–118, 177–178, 207

Sociaal en Cultureel Planbureau (SCP)

, 128–129

Social and Cultural Planning Agency (SCP)

, 131

Social and political battles

, 7

Social capital

, 67–68

Social change processes

, 54

Social communication

, 257

Social constructionism

, 47

The Social Construction of Reality (1967)

, 47

Social constructivism

, 48

Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD)

, 175–176

Social exclusion

, 223

Social institution

, 67

Socialisation

, 207

France

, 113

Serbia

, 205

Social isolation

, 100

Social media

, 77, 138

Dutch use of

, 139

profile

, 97–98

at tipping point

, 27

Social networking

generation

, 185

vendors

, 122–123

Social networks

, 64, 207, 256, 262, 265–266

Social peace, Germany

, 173

Social phenomenon

, 5

Social relations

, 51

Social structure

, 48

Social work environment

, 101–102

Sociology of Knowledge

, 35

Sociopaths

, 5

South-eastern Europe (SEE)

, 7, 21–25

characteristics, Generation Z

, 24

‘Southern model of welfare system’

, 154–155

Soviet mentality

, 256–257

Spain

conflicts and tensions

, 75

consequences and recommendations

for companies

, 82–84

for individuals

, 82

crime statistics in

, 63

culture

, 62–65

demographics

, 65–66

drivers

influencers

, 77, 78

media

, 77

technologies

, 75–77

economic situation

, 66–70

education

, 70–74

history

, 62

political system

, 74–75

Spanish employment structure

, 76

Spanish gastronomy

, 63–64

Spanish National Statistics Institute (INE) census

, 65

‘Spanish Revolution’

, 80

Stability

, 228–229

Start-ups

, 283

State property, privatisation

, 219

Stratification of experience

, 37

Stress

, 163, 240

level, Dutch youngsters

, 136

Subculture

, 267

Success

, 240

and social prestige

, 163

Suggestions for dealing with Generation Z

, 37

Suicidal groups

, 263

Suicide rate in France

, 118–119

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

, 136

Switzerland

, 19–20

Symbolic Exchange and Death (1976)

, 43

System crisis

, 147

System society

, 42

‘Teacher’ leadership style

, 102

Team

, 122–123

Technology

, 6, 75–77

and communication skills

, 163

Technology-saturated world

, 116–117

Terrorism

, 12

Text-based platforms

, 77

‘Thatcher’s children’

, 95

Thinking

attitudes

, 80

opinions

, 79–80

personality

, 79

visions

, 80

Time and money, intergenerational transfers

, 11

Total convergence

, 11

Totalitarianism

, 35

Tough-Guy-Macho Culture

, 171–172

Transition period, in Bulgaria

, 218

Transmission function in school

, 12

Trust

, 138, 280–281

‘Trust-based’ working hours

, 185–186

Ukrainian conflict

, 255

Uncertainty avoidance

, 91

Uncertainty avoidance index

, 220

Understanding Media (1964)

, 39

Unemployment

, 18, 22

coefficient

, 223

rate

, 22

Unfair behaviour

, 25–27

United Kingdom (UK)

conflicts and tensions

, 96–97

consequences and recommendations

for employers

, 102–103

for politicians

, 104

for research

, 103

culture

, 91–92

demographics and diversity

, 92

drivers

, 97–98

technologies and media

, 97–98

economic situation

, 92–93

education

, 93–95

feeling

, 99–100

history

, 90–91

political system

, 95–96

thinking and doing

, 100–102

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO)

, 202

Universum Survey (2018)

, 73–74

Unmarried cohabitation

, 94–95

Unpaid voluntary work

, 22

Values

, 13, 23

sharing things

, 151

Viber

, 207

Violence, low rate of

, 62

Virtual currencies

, 283

Visibility

, 260

Vital sensitivity

, 53

‘VKontakte’

, 261, 263

Vocational training

, 71, 72

Volkswagen

, 172

Vrijmarkt (‘free market’)

, 131

Wearable technology

, 98

Welfare system

, 154–155

Western cultural values

, 113

‘Western’ Generation X

, 170

WhatsApp

, 207

Whisper search engine

, 78–79

Willingness

, 68

Work and employment

, 92

Work attitude and preferences, in Bulgaria

, 242

Work-based learning and qualifications

, 101

Work Hard Play Hard (2011)

, 172

Work-Hard-Play-Hard Culture

, 171–172

‘Working as a team’

, 122–123

Working from home

, 185–186

Work-life-balance

, 186

Work-life-blending

, 172, 175–176, 185–186, 190

Work − life separation

, 16

Young people

, 217–218, 219, 220–221, 223–224, 238, 244–245

Young Z’ers

, 140–141

Youth Guarantee

, 155–156

Youthquake

, 15

Youth Report

, 152

Youth unemployment

, 11, 62, 155, 223

in Netherlands

, 133

YouTube

, 260

influencers

, 209

Z-commerce

, 268

Zeitgeist, Generations Z in Europe

, 27

Zero point

, 279

Z-juniors

, 143–144

Zwarte Piet (Black Peter)

, 131, 136