Add-ons

, 18–19

Adoption

, 142–143

Age

, 4–10

Ageing

, 22–23

Age-related fertility

Down’s syndrome and chromosomal abnormalities, risk of

, 6

live birth rate per treatment cycle (2014–2016)

, 7

miscarriage

, 4–5

rates

, 1–2, 4–10

risks to mothers in pregnancy and childbirth

, 6

Age-related fertility decline (ARFD)

, 25–27, 46, 48–49, 66, 69

awareness of

, 7–10

medicalisation of

, 145, 146–147

negotiating partnering and parenthood

, 129–132

Anti-ageing surgeries

, 80–81

Anticipated coupledom

, 140–141

Anticipated infertility

, 26–27, 36, 80–81, 146–147

Anxiety

, 65–66, 88–90, 103, 146–147

Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs)

, 27–28, 34, 46–47, 69, 79–81, 87, 106, 107

Biological clock

, 12–13, 17, 52–53, 69, 70, 74

See also Time

Biomedicalisation

, 78

Blame

, 76–81, 146

Childbearing

, 1–3, 8, 9–10, 32–33, 34, 37, 40–43, 119, 143, 144, 146–147, 150, 154–155, 156, 175

Childfree/Childless

, 32–33, 58–59, 119–120, 140–141

Choice

, 50–53, 83–84, 139–147

Commercialization

, 25, 27–29, 36

Company sponsored egg freezing (CSEF)

, 22–23, 25, 29–33, 35–36, 150

Contraception

, 2–3, 37, 46–47, 53, 128

Counselling

, 6–7, 19

Delayed motherhood

, 2–3, 11–12, 21, 30–32, 50–53, 128

Demographic change

, 61–62, 152–153

Donor conception

, 67

Donor eggs

, 7, 15, 28–29, 34–35, 109, 115, 116, 128–129, 142–143, 149–150

Donor sperm

, 10, 18–19, 34–35, 55, 61, 63–65, 67–68, 73, 75, 84, 115–116, 169, 172, 173

Economy

, 22–23, 27–28, 41–42

Egg freezing

, 1, 10–13, 18–21, 25, 27–29, 32–33, 35–36, 68, 69, 74–75, 81–83, 88, 90, 93, 94–95, 98–118, 120–121, 139–140, 144, 146–147, 150, 151, 153–154, 159

Eggs

, 4–5, 16, 17, 19, 20, 28–29, 34–35, 75, 77, 81–82, 88, 90–93, 96–97, 112, 113–115, 116–118, 147–149, 151

Embryo freezing

, 10

Employment

, 31–32, 35–36, 83–84, 123–124, 126–127

Ethnicity

, 30, 107, 150

Experiencing egg freezing

, 98–110

emotional effects

, 101–105

need for further support

, 105–110

physical effects

, 98–101

Fatherhood

, 56–57, 60–61, 71, 72–73, 119, 121, 122, 127, 128–129, 130–131, 137, 141, 170–171, 173, 175–176

Fear

, 22–23, 36, 69, 74–75, 79–80, 85, 106–107, 116, 169

Femininity

, 58

Fertility

, 4–10, 25, 76, 80–82, 85, 127–129, 141

education

, 9–10

extension

, 12–13, 22–23, 27, 28, 68, 69, 88, 92, 137, 140, 142–143, 145, 147–148, 150

monitoring

, 25–27, 80–81

preservation

, 12

‘Fertility Fest’

, 139–140

Fertility industrial complex

, 26–27

Fertility MOTs

, 25–26

Fertility tests

, 25–26, 38

Genetic conservation

, 12, 27, 28, 69, 137, 140, 142–143, 145, 147–148, 150

Genetic relatedness

, 12–13, 68

Geneticisation

, 21

Genetic motherhood

, 27–28, 30–31, 34–35

Heteronormative

, 59, 67, 68, 75, 81, 142–143, 145, 146

Hope

, 10, 11–12, 28, 79–80, 111, 114, 147

Ideologies of parenthood

, 22–23, 55

Intensive motherhood

, 55–61, 67–68, 122, 126–127, 141–142

Infertility

, 3

anticipated

, 26–27, 36, 80–81, 146–147

premature

, 10, 11

social

, 119–120, 139–140

unexplained

, 6–7

Intensive motherhood

, 55–61, 122

ambivalence and intention to

, 57–61

Intimate relationships

, 72–73, 118, 119

In vitro fertilisation (IVF)

, 3, 28–29, 78–80, 92, 104, 116, 119, 139–140

access and cost

, 18–19

achieving live birth using

, 14–15, 16

age-related fertility decline and

, 7–8

complications of

, 19–20

egg freezing

, 11, 95, 96, 103–104

embryo freezing

, 10

funded by NHS

, 3

lack of awareness about

, 148

social egg freezing and

, 145

success rate

, 4, 8–9, 34–35, 91

support, understanding and guidance

, 107

‘unexplained infertility’ and

, 6–7

using ICSI

, 20

Kinship

, 12–13, 34, 55, 63, 142–143

Lesbian motherhood

, 4

Loneliness

, 104, 139–140

Love

, 42, 43, 56, 74, 94

Marriage

, 2–3, 22–23, 37, 38–39, 45, 46, 53, 67, 103, 119, 123–124, 129–131, 134, 137, 145

Media

, 4, 8–9, 29–30, 52, 69, 83, 93–94

Medicalisation

, 77–78

of age-related fertility decline

, 145, 146–147

of reproductive ageing

, 25–27

Miscarriage

, 4–5, 97–98, 119–120, 139–140, 156–157

Motivations for egg freezing

, 81–82

Neoliberalism

, 81

Neoliberal rationality

, 145–146

New fatherhood

, 56–57

Older motherhood

, 2, 8–10, 22–23, 37, 46–50, 53

Panic partnering

, 74–75, 120–121, 132, 141, 142–143, 145

Parenthood, negotiating

, 119

age-related fertility decline

, 129–132

individualism and the gendered pressures

, 123–127

lost time

, 119–122

men, as ‘drag on fertility,’

, 127–129

right type of father

, 119–122

signalling fertility

, 132–137

Precarious intimacies

, 124–125, 130–131

Preconception

, 146–147, 150

Pregnancy

, 4, 5–6, 7, 12–13, 14, 18–19, 20, 128, 145, 170–171, 175–176

Pregnancy loss

, 4–5

See also Miscarriage

Pregnancy planning

, 41–43, 143

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis

, 161

Preimplantation genetic screening

, 18

Prenatal screening and testing

, 145–146

Religion

, 150

Reproductive ageing

, 7–8, 12–13, 25–27, 73, 80–81, 141, 148

Reproductive choice

, 21, 25, 30–31, 32–36, 154

Reproductive donation

, 4, 12–13, 28–29, 68, 117–118

Reproductive timing

, 22–23, 36, 37, 38, 39, 50, 53, 150

Responsibilisation

, 77–78

Responsibility

, 22–23, 26–27, 36, 76, 77, 79–80, 85, 118, 121, 141–142, 144–147

Responsible reproductive citizen

, 76–81

Right age

, 38–39, 46–47, 91

Risk

, 19–20, 21, 33, 36, 59, 78–80, 88–90, 98, 118, 145, 146, 154

of fertility treatment

, 19–21

Risk management

, 78, 145–146

Risks of egg freezing, awareness and perception of

, 95–98

Selfishness

, 50, 63–64, 141–142

Sexual politics

, 22–23

Single motherhood

, 22–23, 34, 61–68, 90, 141–142, 143

Single motherhood by choice (SMC)

, 61–62, 63–64, 66, 67, 141–142

Single motherhood via sperm donation, women’s attitudes towards

, 61–68

Social class/socio-economic status

, 38, 60–61, 145, 152–153

Socio-cultural context of egg freezing

, 1–4

Stigma

, 44–45, 66, 104

Success rates of egg freezing, awareness and understanding of

, 90–93

Surrogacy

, 4

Time

, 9–10, 22–23, 38–46, 125–126

Timing of motherhood

, 37

right

, 38–46

older motherhood, perceptions and representations of

, 46–50

choice to delay pregnancy, problematising

, 50–53

life unexpected, living

, 43–46