Prelims
ISBN: 978-1-80117-499-2, eISBN: 978-1-80117-498-5
ISSN: 1877-6361
Publication date: 28 March 2022
Citation
(2022), "Prelims", Mor, R.S., Kumar, D. and Singh, A. (Ed.) Agri-Food 4.0 (Advanced Series in Management, Vol. 27), Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. i-xxi. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1877-636120220000027014
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2022 Rahul S Mor, Dinesh Kumar and Anupama Singh. Published under exclusive licence by Emerald Publishing Limited
Half Title Page
Agri-Food 4.0
Series Title Page
Advanced Series in Management
Series Editors: Miguel R. Olivas-Lujan and Tanya Bondarouk
Previous Volumes:
Indigenous African Enterprise: The Igbo Traditional Business School (I-TBS)
Ed. Ogechi Adeola
Integration of Migrants into the Labour Market in Europe: Integration of Migrants into the Labour Market in Europe
Eds. Sylwia Przytuła and Łukasz Sułkowski
Sustainable Hospitality Management: Designing Meaningful Encounters with Talent and Technology
Eds. Huub Ruël, Angelique Lombarts, and Jeoren A. Oskam
HRM 4.0 For Human-Centered Organizations
Eds. Rita Bissola and Barbara Imperatori
Diversity within Diversity Management: Types of Diversity in Organizations
Eds. Andri Georgiadou, Maria Alejandra Gonzalez-Perez, and Miguel R Olivas-Lujan
Diversity within Diversity Management: Country-based Perspectives
Eds. Andri Georgiadou, Maria Alejandra Gonzalez-Perez, and Miguel R Olivas-Lujan
Indigenous Management Practices in Africa: A Guide for Educators and Practitioners
Eds. Uchenna Uzo and Abel Kinoti Meru
Organisational Roadmap Towards Teal Organisations
Eds. Tanya Bondarouk, Anna Bos-Nehles, Maarten Renkema, Jeroen Meijerink, and Jan de Leede
International Business Diplomacy: How can Multinational Corporations Deal with Global Challenges?
Ed. Huub Ruel
Age Diversity in the Workplace
Eds. Silvia Profili, Alessia Sammarra, and Laura Innocenti
New Ways of Working Practices: Antecedents and Outcomes
Ed. Jan de Leede
Dead Firms: Causes and Effects of Cross-Border Corporate Insolvency
Eds. Miguel M. Torres, Virginia Cathro, and Maria Alejandra Gonzalez Perez
Human Resource Management, Social Innovation and Technology
Eds. Tanya Bondarouk and Miguel R. Olivas-Luján
Shared Services as a New Organizational Form
Ed. Tanya Bondarouk
Social Media in Human Resources Management
Eds. Tanya Bondarouk and Miguel R. Olivas-Luján
Social Media in Strategic Management
Eds. Miguel R. Olivas-Luján and Tanya Bondarouk
(Dis)honesty in Management: Manifestations and Consequences
Eds. Tiia Vissak and Maaja Vadi
Commercial Diplomacy and International Business: A Conceptual and Empirical Exploration
Ed. H. Ruël
Electronic HRM in Theory and Practice
Eds. T. Bondarouk , H. Ruël, and J.C. Looise
Relational Practices, Participative Organizing
Eds. Chris Steyaert and Bart Van Looy
Autopoiesis in Organization Theory and Practice
Eds. Rodrigo Magalhaes and Ron Sanchez
Organizations as Learning Systems “Living Composition” as an Enabling Infrastructure
Ed. Marjatta Maula
Complex Systems and Evolutionary Perspectives on Organizations: The Application of Complexity Theory to Organizations
Ed. Eve Mitleton-Kelly
Managing Imaginary Organizations: A New Perspective on Business
Eds. Bo Hedberg, Philippe Baumard, and A. Yakhlef
Systems Perspectives on Resources, Capabilities and Management Processes
Eds. John Morecroft, Ron Sanchez, and Aimé Heene
Tracks and Frames: The Economy of Symbolic Forms in Organizations
Ed. K. Skoldberg
Title Page
Advanced Series in Management Volume 27
Agri-Food 4.0: Innovations, Challenges and Strategies
Edited By
Dr. Rahul S Mor
National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM), Kundli, Sonepat, India
Dr. Dinesh Kumar
National Institute of Technology, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India
And
Dr. Anupama Singh
National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM), Kundli, Sonepat, India
United Kingdom – North America – Japan India – Malaysia – China
Copyright Page
Emerald Publishing Limited
Howard House, Wagon Lane, Bingley BD16 1WA, UK
First edition 2022
Editorial matter and selection © 2022 Rahul S Mor, Dinesh Kumar and Anupama Singh.
Published under exclusive licence by Emerald Publishing Limited.
Individual chapters © 2022 by Emerald Publishing Limited.
Reprints and permissions service
Contact: permissions@emeraldinsight.com
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without either the prior written permission of the publisher or a licence permitting restricted copying issued in the UK by The Copyright Licensing Agency and in the USA by The Copyright Clearance Center. Any opinions expressed in the chapters are those of the authors. Whilst Emerald makes every effort to ensure the quality and accuracy of its content, Emerald makes no representation implied or otherwise, as to the chapters' suitability and application and disclaims any warranties, express or implied, to their use.
British Library Cataloging in Publication Data
A catalog record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN: 978-1-80117-499-2 (Print)
ISBN: 978-1-80117-498-5 (Online)
ISBN: 978-1-80117-500-5 (Epub)
ISSN: 1877-6361 (Series)
List of Figures
Chapter 1 | |
Figure 1. | Descriptive Analysis Focused on AF4&S Overlay (a) Keywords, and Collaborations Networks by (b) Countries, (c) Authors, (d) Institutions. Content Analysis of AF4&S (d). |
Figure 2. | Patent Families by Technology Domain and Concept Clusters. (a,b) 2001–2005, (c,d) 2006–2010, (e,f) 2011–2015, (g,h) 2016–2020, (i,j) 2021. |
Chapter 3 | |
Figure 1. | MICMAC Analysis. |
Figure 2. | TISM Model (Diagraph). |
Chapter 4 | |
Figure 1. | Stages Where Food Loss and Waste Occur. |
Figure 2. | Boxplot Showing of Food Loss and Waste Percentages Happened in the Years between 2000 and 2017. |
Chapter 5 | |
Figure 1. | Conceptual Framework. |
Chapter 6 | |
Figure 1. | Entity Relationship Diagram for Automate the Wheat Traceability Using Smart Contract. |
Figure 2. | End-to-End Smart Wheat Supply Chain Model. |
Figure 3. | Product Flow in Wheat Grain Supply Chain. |
Figure 4. | Digital Flow of Information and Money in Our Supply Chain. |
Figure 5. | Flow of Data with Blockchain Network. |
Figure 6. | Tracing System of Smart Wheat Supply Chain Using NFC and NFC-Enabled Smart Device. |
Chapter 7 | |
Figure 1. | Schematic of Proposed Crop Product Monitoring System. |
Chapter 8 | |
Figure 1. | Role of IoT in Agriculture. |
Chapter 9 | |
Figure 1. | Flow Chart of the System. |
Figure 2. | Existing Literature Recommends Various Irrigation Methodologies. |
Figure 3. | Different Techniques to Monitor the Environments in Literature for the Proposal of an Irrigation System. |
Figure 4. | Node MCU ESP8266. |
Figure 5. | YL-69 Soil Moisture Sensor. |
Figure 6. | DHT11-Temperature and Humidity Sensor. |
Figure 7. | Two Channel Relay Module. |
Figure 8. | Water Pump. |
Figure 9. | Jumper Wire. |
Figure 10. | Blynk Application Functionality. |
Figure 11. | Block Diagram of the Smart Irrigation System. |
Figure 12. | Prototype of Smart Irrigation System. |
Figure 13. | Blynk Application. |
Figure 14. | Blynk Application Notification. |
Chapter 10 | |
Figure 1. | Food Loss and Wastage in Food Value Chain at Different Stages. |
Figure 2. | Correspondence Diagram for AI Benefits. |
Figure 3. | Correspondence Diagram for AI Problems. |
Chapter 11 | |
Figure 1. | Schematic Representation of Advancement in Food Packaging. |
Figure 2. | Schematic Representation of RFID Working. |
Chapter 12 | |
Figure 1. | Review Methodology. |
List of Tables
Chapter 1 | |
Table 1. | Ranking Position of First Priority and Protection Country (2001–2010) and (2011–2021). |
Chapter 2 | |
Table 1. | Applications: Benefits, Challenges, and Major Enablers. |
Table 2. | Perceived Benefits of the Different Technologies by the Respondents. |
Chapter 3 | |
Table 1. | Literature Support for the Identified Variables. |
Table 2. | Initial Reachability Matrix. |
Table 3. | Final Reachability Matrix. |
Table 4. | Consolidated Levels of Variables. |
Annexure 1. | Demographic Details of Respondents. |
Annexure 2. | Interpretive Logic-Knowledge Base. |
Chapter 5 | |
Table 1. | Standardized Parameter Estimates for Structural Model. |
Chapter 6 | |
Table 1. | Shows an Example of How “Hash” Changes Dramatically with a Small Change in Input. |
Table 2. | Cloud Computing of Wheat Supply Chain Information. |
Chapter 7 | |
Table 1. | Performance Evaluation of Proposed Product Quality Monitoring System. |
Chapter 8 | |
Table 1. | IoT Sensor Categories and the Common Measurement Parameters. |
Table 2. | IoT Applications and Their Benefits. |
Chapter 9 | |
Table 1. | Experimental Results. |
Chapter 10 | |
Table 1. | Ranking of AI Benefits. |
Table 2. | ANOVA for Agritech Industry and AI Benefits. |
Table 3. | Mean Values for Categories under Value Chain Position. |
Table 4. | Mean Values for Categories under Several Employees. |
Table 5. | Mean Values for Categories under Nature of Industry. |
Table 6. | Mean Value for Categories under Type of Business Organization. |
Table 7. | Mean Values for Agri-Tech Category. |
Table 8. | Mean Values for Categories under Market Coverage. |
Table 9. | Mean Values for the Number of Years in the Agritech Business. |
Table 10. | Ranking of AI Problems. |
Table 11. | ANOVA for Agritech Industry Profile and AI Problems. |
Table 12. | Mean Value for Categories under Value Chain Position. |
Table 13. | Mean Value for Categories under Number of Employees. |
Table 14. | Mean Values for Categories under Nature of Industry. |
Table 15. | Type of Business Organization. |
Table 16. | Mean Values for Agritech Category. |
Table 17. | Mean Values for Market Coverage. |
Table 18. | Mean Values for Categories under Number of Years in the Agritech Companies. |
Table 19. | Chi-Square Test for Profile of Agritech Company and AI Dimensions. |
Annexure 1. | AI Benefits. |
Annexure 2. | AI Problems. |
Chapter 11 | |
Table 1. | Commercially Available Smart (Active and Intelligent) Packing Systems. |
Chapter 12 | |
Table 1. | Industry 4.0 Technologies and Their Applications in Agricultural Supply Chains |
About the Editors
Dr. Rahul S Mor is a researcher of operations management & supply chain, industrial engineering & management, manufacturing systems, etc., and has over four years of teaching & research experience, primarily at the National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli. He holds a Ph.D. in Industrial and Production Engineering, specializing in Supply Chain & Operations Analytics. Dr. Mor has authored/co-authored over 50 publications in international refereed SCI, ABDC, CABS ranked journals of high impact factor, & many chapters, books, conference papers. One of his MoFPI (Govt. of India) funded research projects supports the agri-food supply chain digitalization through disruptive technologies, among other R&C projects in the manufacturing and food sector. He is also supervising research at the doctoral and masters levels.
Dr. Mor has edited four books on ‘Agri-Food 4.0’, ‘Circular Economy’, ‘OSCM’, ‘Industry 4.0’ with Springer, Emerald, EAI-Springer. He is the Area Editor and Managing Guest Editor: Opr. Mgmt. Res. (Springer), Int. J. Logi. Res. & Appl. (T&F); Guest Editor: IEEE Trans. on Engg. Mgmt. (IEEE), Int. J. Transp. Eco.; Associate Editor: Supply Chain Forum: An Int. J. (T&F); Editor: IJSOM; Editorial Board: JDS, FSFS, IJCEWM, IJLT, etc., and reviewer for numerous international journals. He is a member of many professional societies.
Dr. Dinesh Kumar is a researcher in the area of supply chain management. He is working as assistant professor in the Department of Production and Industrial Engineering, National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India. He has completed his Ph.D. from IIT Roorkee in supply chain management in the year 2016. He has authored a number of papers in reputed international journals in the area of supply chain management and presented papers in various international conferences in India and abroad. He has supervised 5 master's dissertations. He is a life time member of Operation research Society of India (ORSI). His current area of research are operations management, supply chain management, perishable inventory management and system dynamics.
Dr. Anupama Singh has over 27 years of academic experience in the agri-food processing sectors. Her research interests include Bio waste utilization, Sustainable food processing novel technologies, product development and value addition.
Dr. Singh has received various accolades, recognitions and fellowships and awards at the national and international levels, including the prestigious Norman Borlaug Fellowship by USDA/ICAR and the National Fellow Award by ICAR, India. She has executed multiple R&D and Consultancy projects. She has guided 4 doctoral research, 28 M. Tech. Thesis and many research projects at the graduate level. She has over 250 publications to her credit including research papers/articles in various peer-reviewed international and national journals, book chapters, technical bulletins, status reports, articles etc. She has presented more than 100 research papers in various National & International conferences.
After a sterling career, spanning over 25 year, at GB Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, Dr. Anupama Singh is currently Professor and Head at Department of Food Engineering, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM), Kundli, Sonepat, India.
List of Contributors
Altaf Alam | Rajkiya Engineering College Banda, India |
Maria de Las Mercedes Capobianco Uriarte | University of Almeria, Spain |
María del Pilar Casado Belmonte | University of Almeria, Spain |
Anurag Chauhan | Rajkiya Engineering College Banda, India |
Ricardo Alberto Cravero | National Technology University, Argentina |
Arokiaraj David | Jain (Deemed-to-be University), India |
Priyanka Dubey | Integral University, India |
Banu Y. Ekren | Cranfield University, School of Management, UK |
C. Ganeshkumar | Indian Institute of Plantation Management Bangalore, India |
Nainsi Gupta | Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, India |
Marcelo Grabois | Litoral National University, Argentina |
Zainul Abdin Jaffery | Jamia Millia Islamia, India; India of Cooperative Management, India |
D. Raja Jebasingh | St. Joseph's College of Commerce, India |
Mohd Tauseef Khan | Rajkiya Engineering College Banda, India |
Syed Abdul Rehman Khan | Xuzhou University of Technology, China |
Amit Kumar | THDC Institute of Hydropower Engineering and Technology, India |
Dinesh Kumar | National Institute of Technology, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India |
Ranjan Kumar | Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand |
Rupesh Kumar | Gruwitz LLP, India |
Vikas Kumar | University of the West of England, Bristol, UK |
Naema Miftah | Tetra Pak India Pvt. Ltd., India |
Rahul S Mor | National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM), Kundli, Sonepat, India |
K. Neethu | National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM), Kundli, Sonepat, India |
Anupama Panghal | National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM), India |
Mehul Parmar | College of Management Mahidol University, Thailand |
Praful Ranjan | THDC Institute of Hydropower Engineering and Technology, India |
Ajaypal Singh Rathore | Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, India |
Shobha Rathore | Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, India |
Alejandro Alfredo Regodesebes Urrutia | Litoral National University, Argentina |
Vaibhav Saini | THDC Institute of Hydropower Engineering and Technology, India |
Rohit Sharma | National Institute of Industrial Engineering (NITIE), India |
Anupama Singh | National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM), Kundli, Sonepat, India |
Gunjan Soni | Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, India |
Shilpa Sindhu | The NorthCap University, India |
Muhammad Umar | Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Malaysia |
Priyanka Vern | National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM), India |
Owais Yousuf | Integral University, India |
Zhang Yu | Chang’an University, China |
Hafiz Muhammad Zia-ul-haq | Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Malaysia |
Foreword
Preface
Cost-effectiveness, high productivity and quality are fundamental requirements of any sustainable value chain and have become more crucial with rapid industrialization. In this line, ‘Agri-Food 4.0’ aims to achieve optimum value chain performance through digitized, resilient, innovative systems along with real-time monitoring and control while achieving sustainability. The term ‘Agri-Food 4.0’ is analogous to ‘Industry 4.0’ integrating modern tools and technologies to attain these performance indicators. Such tools and technologies include big data analytics, artificial intelligence, machine learning, IoT, information and communications technology (ICT), blockchain, smart sensors, advanced robotics, and modern drones. This book presents the introduction and applications of such technologies and the practices to reduce food losses and attain a circular economy.
Agri-food quality is crucial to making the product saleable and eventually generating revenue throughout the value chain. Hence, this book elaborates on the implementation of smart technologies like drones to effectively monitor crop quality in real-time. The drone-based quality monitoring system collects image data sets of crop products and classifies them using machine learning methods based on chromatic features, contour features, and texture features.
The integration of IoT in agri-food and supporting hardware tools are most important to achieve agri-food 4.0 and are presented in this book. An IoT-based intelligent irrigation system that controls the water flow based on soil moisture and temperature is also a part of this book. Further, the advancement in food packaging technologies, including smart packaging sensors, is discussed in the book.
Organization of the book: This book is organized as follows.
Chapter 1 describes thematic relationships within the sustainability of agri-food chains oriented toward Industry 4.0, focusing on analyzing scientific production through research articles and technological output according to patents worldwide. Chapter 2 highlights the digitalization of the agri-food supply chain through the implementation of IoT, blockchain, and artificial intelligence and challenges the agri-food supply chain participants perceive in implementing digital technologies. In this line, the Challenges of adopting supply chain 4.0 (SC 4.0) for the agri-food sector and using the total interpretive structural modeling (TISM) tool to analyze those challenges are discussed in Chapter 3. Further, wastage of food is a matter of grave concern, so searching how food waste or food loss could be reduced throughout a supply chain network is addressed in chapter 4. Furthermore, chapter 5 describes, due to growing environmental concern, how Industry 4.0 and blockchain technology (BCT) are transforming circular economy practices and, by employing CB-SEM modeling, provides three key findings. Finally, the role of blockchain technology and most disparate IoT devices in agriculture and the food supply chain for food tracing to address quality and safety is discussed in chapter 6. In Chapter 7, a vision system is introduced that monitors crop product quality with the help of Drone and vision camera technology. Mainly three vegetable crops such as tomato, cauliflower, and eggplant are considered for quality monitoring; hence image data sets are collected for those vegetables only. This chapter extracts three different features information, such as chromatic features, contour features, and texture features, from the data set to train the Gaussian support vector machine-learning algorithm to identify the product quality.
A holistic overview of the latest trends of IoT in agriculture and other aspects of the ecosystem like storage, warehouse ambiance control, agri-data analytics and decision control, logistics, environmental safety, etc., is highlighted in chapter 8. Further application of IoT in irrigation is discussed in chapter 9, which focuses on how the Internet of Things develops a Smart Irrigation system that leads to the optimization of water resources.
Chapter 10 aims to study artificial intelligence (AI) based product benefits and problems of the agritech industry. The study shows that the topmost AI benefit is better information for faster decision making and the topmost AI problem is resistance to change from employees and internal culture. Packaging plays a crucial role in satisfying consumer's demand for safe and quality foods; the same is discussed in Chapter 11, which focuses on different types of Active and intelligent packaging and its advantage over conventional packaging. In line with the Industry 4.0 technologies, chapter 12 explores the key performance indicators of agri-food supply chain. Finally, chapter 13 covers the innovation and challenges of implementing robotics and authomation technologies toward agri-food 4.0.
Rahul S Mor
Dinesh Kumar
Anupama Singh
Acknowledgments
We acknowledge all those people who were involved and helped in completing this book project. Firstly, we would like to thank the authors for contributing their valued time and expertise. Special thanks are due to the reviewers' valuable contributions regarding the improvement of quality, coherence, and content demonstration of the chapters. We also appreciate the referees for reviewing the manuscripts and scholars for editing & organizing the chapters. Finally, the editors are grateful to their parent institutes, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli, Sonepat - 131028 (Haryana), India, and National Institute of Technology, Jamshedpur (Jharkhand), India, for providing essential facilities to conduct this research work smoothly.
Rahul S Mor
Dinesh Kumar
Anupama Singh
- Prelims
- Research Trends and Innovation Perspectives about Sustainability and Agri-Food 4.0
- Digital Technology: Implementation Challenges and Strategies in Agri-Food Supply Chain
- Modeling the Challenges for Agri-Food Supply Chain 4.0: TISM Approach
- An Overview of Reducing Food Loss and Food Waste in Supply Chains
- Technological Advancement and Circular Economy Practices in Food Supply Chain
- Blockchain-Based Smart Wheat Supply Chain Model in Indian Context
- Drone-Based Crop Product Quality Monitoring System: An Application of Smart Agriculture
- Overview of IoT in the Agroecosystem
- Smart Irrigation System Using IoT
- Digital Transformation: Artificial Intelligence Based Product Benefits and Problems of Agritech Industry
- Advancement in Packaging Technologies for Agri-Food Sector
- Industry 4.0 Technologies in Agri-Food Supply Chains: Key Performance Indicators
- Robotics and Automation for Agri-Food 4.0: Innovation and Challenges
- Index