Index
Histories of Punishment and Social Control in Ireland: Perspectives from a Periphery
ISBN: 978-1-80043-607-7, eISBN: 978-1-80043-606-0
Publication date: 23 August 2022
This content is currently only available as a PDF
Citation
(2022), "Index", Black, L., Brangan, L. and Healy, D. (Ed.) Histories of Punishment and Social Control in Ireland: Perspectives from a Periphery (Perspectives on Crime, Law and Justice in the Global South), Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 291-298. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80043-606-020221017
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
INDEX
Note: Page numbers followed by “n” indicate notes.
Abolition
, 180–182
Absences
, 146–147
American imperialism
, 164n2
Amnesty International
, 179, 193
Anglo-American eugenics practices
, 276
Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921
, 189
Anglo-Irish War of Independence
, 207–208
Anglophone jurisdictions
, 20
Anti-death penalty sentiment
, 169
Archives
, 110–115
Assaults
, 216
Attachment theory
, 38–39
B-Specials
, 216
Balkanization of macrosocial control research
, 64
Ballyshannon Quarter Sessions
, 215
Belfast Newsletter
, 213
Belfast Telegraph
, 212
Biography
, 284–286
Black Lives Matters
, 5
Blurred lines
, 23–26
Bowlbyism
, 9–10, 39–41, 46, 48
British Academy-funded research project
, 163
British Empire
, 263–264
British Prison Rules
, 277
British rule
, 263, 268, 272
Capital punishment
, 163
abolition and public consensus
, 180–182
creature of English Law
, 172–174
history of
, 163
Ireland on world stage
, 178–180
in Ireland prior to independence
, 166–169
policy transfer and reliance
, 174–177
post-independence debate
, 169–170
postcolonial crime and punishment in Ireland
, 164–166
reform
, 177
subversion and threat of political violence
, 170–172
Carcerality
, 6
Caritas
, 24
‘Category A’ complaints
, 231
Catholic Action
, 43
Catholic Archbishop of Dublin
, 232
‘Catholic Bishops’ Conference
, 247
Catholic Church
, 21, 29–30, 32, 181, 234, 266–267, 276
Catholic Irish sociology
, 43
Catholic Moral Welfare Council
, 73
Catholic Repeal and Revival movements
, 82
Catholic social doctrine of ‘subsidiarity’
, 10
Catholic society
, 272
Catholic Standard, The
, 234
Catholic voluntary organisations
, 21
Catholicisation
, 21–22
Catholicism
, 32, 268
Central Criminal Lunatic Asylum (Ireland) Act 1845
, 226–227
Charitable organisations
, 26
Chief State Solicitor’s Office
, 100
Child and juvenile psychiatric services in Ireland
, 41–44
Child justice and welfare in England
, 42
Childhood deprivation
, 39
Children Act 2001
, 65
Children’s Act 1908
, 41
Christus Rex
, 43–44, 46
Church League for Women’s Suffrage (CLWS)
, 270
CICAA 2000
, 122, 126
CIE
, 101
Civic Guard
, 189
Civil organisations
, 269
Civil Service Regulation (Amendment) Bill
, 272
Civil Society Oversight
, 231–234
Civil War
, 209, 211
Civil war connotations
, 189–190
Clann na Talmhan (Family/Children of the Land)
, 228
Clann Project
, 118–119, 122
Coercive confinement
, 10, 57
adding
, 69–71
extending
, 72–73
repurposing
, 67–68
restating
, 58–63
updating
, 63–66
Colonial legacies of punishment
, 11
Colony
, 264
Commission to Inquire into Child Abuse (2009) (CICA)
, 89, 107–108, 110–112, 117
archive
, 113
Investigation Committee
, 112, 121
Complaints
, 231
Conditions of Employment Act
, 88
Confidential Committee
, 122
Connolly v. Governor of Wheatfield Prison (2013) IEHC 334
, 235
Consistent life ethic
, 181n15
Contagious Disease Acts
, 81, 85n5
Cork Examiner
, 192
Cork Female Prison
, 227
Council for Social Welfare (CSW)
, 247
Council of Europe’s Convention
, 230–231
County Councils
, 227
Court missionaries work
, 28
Court of Criminal Appeal
, 193
Court of Justice of the European Union
, 126
Crime
, 11–13
Criminal Assets Bureau
, 199
Criminal justice
, 9–11
services
, 21
system
, 6
Criminal Justice Act 1964
, 177, 180
Criminal Justice Act 1984
, 243
Criminal Justice Administration Act 1914
, 21, 27, 267
Criminal Justice Bill (1960)
, 99–100
Criminology
in Ireland
, 1–2
late emergence of
, 145–146
Critical sensibility
, 3
Crown forces
, 215
Culture of Control
, 141
Curragh Military Camp
, 249
Curtis Committee
, 40, 44
Cussen Report (1936)
, 88
De facto abolitionist
, 180
Death penalty
, 168
Defence of the Realm Act
, 169
Delinquents
, 44
Department of Education
, 50
Department of Health
, 61
Department of Justice
, 231–234, 244, 247, 249
Descriptive ethnography
, 265
Direct provision system
, 10
Director of Public Prosecutions (DPP)
, 112, 199–200
Discourse analysis
, 265
Dóchas Centre
, 283
Documentary research methods
, 208
Domestic violence
, 208
Donegal Democrat (1921)
, 215
Dublin Children’s Court
, 41
Dungeons Deep (1960)
, 48
East Belfast Social and Democratic Labour Party
, 178–179
Economic development
, 63
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
, 59
Emancipation Act of 1829
, 82
English Law, creature of
, 172–174
Epistemic under-labourers
, 142, 155
Eugenics
, 86
movement
, 275
European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman and Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT)
, 230–231, 235
European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR)
, 127
European Economic Community (EEC)
, 280
European Prison Rules (EPR)
, 226, 233
European Union (EU)
, 164
Exceptionalism
, 4, 187
Factories Act 1955
, 88
Factory and Workshop Act
, 84–85
Facts of State Involvement
, 63
Family separation abuses
, 107
Feminist recovery work
, 208
Fine or Imprisonment Act 1899
, 267
Formalised systems of oversight
, 225
Free State
, 84–86
Free State Constitution (1922)
, 170
Freemans Journal
, 213
Furrow
, 43
Gaelic Revival movement
, 264
Garda killings
, 189
civil war connotations
, 189–190
common design
, 192–195
shadow of subversion
, 190–192
Garda Representative Association (GRA)
, 197–198, 200
Gender
, 6
gender-based abuses
, 107
in revolutionary studies
, 208–211
Gender-based violence
, 12, 208–209
Gendered punishment
, 152
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
, 108, 125
General Prisons (Ireland) Act 1877
, 227, 229–230
General Prisons Board
, 227, 263
Genocide
, 209
Global North
, 5–6
Global South
, 5–6, 143
‘Gluecks’ extensive criminological research
, 47
Good Friday Agreement
, 201–202
Good Shepherd Sisters
, 81, 84
Grangegorman Women’s Prison
, 67, 267
Great Famine of 1845–1853
, 83, 266
Green Book
, 192
Gregory Deal
, 241
Hair cutting
, 215–216
Heavy gang
, 243
Hibernian Anti-Punishment by Death Society
, 168–169
Hibernian epistemology
, 148
gendered punishment
, 152
pastoral penality
, 152–154
revisiting and revising punitiveness
, 151–152
Hibernian exceptionalism
, 11, 141
absences
, 146–147
context and characterisation
, 144–148
late emergence of criminology
, 145–146
pragmatism, stagnation and neglect
, 147–148
sociology of punishment as sociology of time and place
, 143–144
southernising punishment and society
, 154–157
Historical criminology
, 3
Historical imagination
, 2
Historical penality, rise of
, 2–3
Historical provincialism
, 157
Historical research methods
, 265
‘Historical’ abuses
, 126
‘Historical’ institutional abuses
, 107, 109
Histories of Probation project
, 19, 22
Home Rule
, 10
Home rulers
, 84–86
Human rights analysis
, 11
Humanitarian sensibility
, 32
‘Illegitimate’ children
, 85, 90
Independence
, 62
Independent Inquiry into Child Sexual Abuse (IICSA)
, 115n4
Induction training
, 23
Industrial Schools Act 1868
, 82
Information Form
, 123
Inspectors
, 226–231
Institutionalisation
, 39–41, 98
Insulin coma therapy
, 59
Inter-Departmental Committee (IDC)
, 108, 113, 121
Inter-Party government
, 227
International monitoring
, 226–231
International scholarship
, 20
Investigation Committee
, 121
IRA bombing campaign
, 172
Ireland, penal oversight in
, 237–238
Irish border
, 217
Irish Catholic Women’s Suffrage Association (ICWSA)
, 270
Irish Citizen Army (ICA)
, 269
Irish Civil War
, 207–208, 217–218
Irish criminology, history of
, 2–3
Irish Ecclesiastical Record
, 43
Irish establishment
, 86–87
Irish Examiner
, 213
Irish Free State
, 6, 207–208
Irish government
, 277
Irish institutions
, 73
Irish Magdalene institutions
, 85
Irish Parliamentary Party (IPP)
, 10, 84
Irish penal history
, 8
Civil Society Oversight and attitude of Department of Justice
, 231–234
complaints
, 231
inspectors, Visiting Committees, and international monitoring
, 226–231
judicial oversight of penal policy
, 234–236
oversight in
, 226
Irish penal policy
, 142
Irish penal policy-makers
, 229
Irish Penal Reform Trust (IPRT)
, 237
Irish penality
, 1
Irish peripherality
, 263–264
Irish process of release
, 201
Irish Republican Army (IRA)
, 188, 227, 250n7, 268
Irish Research Council
, 207
Irish revolution
, 207
gender and violence in revolutionary studies
, 208–211
other violence
, 216–219
violent incidents
, 211–216
‘Irish slaves’ myth
, 5
Irish Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Children (ISPCC)
, 112
Irish state inquiries
, 107
archives
, 110–115
‘personally affected access information from inquiries’ archives
, 125–127
‘public access inquiries’ archives
, 115–116
published documents
, 116–119
survivors
, 119–121
voluntary publication
, 121–125
Irish Times (1962)
, 177–178, 212, 216, 218, 243, 268, 270
Irish Transport and General Workers Union (ITGWU)
, 269
Irish Volunteer Army
, 270
Irish Women’s Franchise League (IWFL)
, 270
Irish Women’s Suffrage and Local Government Association (IWSLGA)
, 270
Island story
, 8
Jail Journal
, 243–245, 249, 253, 255
Joint Committee on Vandalism and Juvenile Delinquency (JCVJD)
, 45
Judicial oversight of penal policy
, 234–236
Juvenile delinquency
, 46
Kenmare incident
, 219
Kennedy Report
, 88, 275
Kerry News
, 214
Kidnapping
, 216
Kinsella v. Governor of Mountjoy Prison (2011) IEHC 235
, 234
Labour Party (1946)
, 228
Labour struggle
, 269
Land Commission
, 100
Legion of Mary
, 21, 23–24, 27, 31
Legislation
, 202
Leinster House
, 100
Leinster Leader
, 218
Leitrim Observer
, 214
Liberator
, 212–213
Limerick Prison
, 280–281, 283
Lobotomy
, 59
Loughan House
, 243, 246
MacBride commission
, 233
MacEntee Commission
, 116
Magdalen homes
, 58, 60, 63
Magdalene Asylums
, 72
Magdalene laundry
, 10, 21, 79, 81, 94, 97, 99–101
Magdalenes
, 80, 93n15
establishment Ireland’s support for
, 86–89
institutions
, 97
institutions, home rulers, and free state
, 84–86
lives in Irish free state and republic
, 92–99
reproductive injustice
, 89–91
state subvention
, 99–101
survivors
, 98
Victorian Irish Catholic Embourgeoisement
, 81–84
Mandela Rules
, 226
Masculinism
, 268
Maternal Care and Mental Health (Bowlby)
, 44
McAleese Committee
, 64, 73
Meath Chronicle
, 215, 218
Meitheal
, 24
Memory
, 284–286
Mental defectives
, 49
Mental geography
, 144
Militarism
, 268
Military services pension application
, 218
Military violence
, 209
‘Mixed-market’ penal responses
, 20
Most Oppressed People Ever (MOPE)
, 165n3
Mother and Baby Homes Commission of Investigation (2021) (MBHCOI)
, 73, 108–109, 112, 120, 123
archive
, 124
decision
, 119
proceedings
, 118
Mountjoy Prison in Dublin
, 68–69, 280–281
Mountjoy Women’s Prison
, 277
Mulligan v. Portlaoise Prison (2010) IEHC 269
, 235
Multilevel approach
, 23
National Archives of Ireland (NAI)
, 110–111, 191, 227
National Army
, 190
National Council for Abolition of the Death Penalty
, 170
National Preventive Mechanisms (NPMs)
, 226
Nationalist and Leinster Times
, 212
Nationalist struggle
, 270–271
Nazi Eugenic Sterilisation Law
, 276
Neglect
, 147–148
Non-criminal justice institutions
, 62
Non-jury Special Criminal Court
, 188
Northern theory
, 146
Offences against the Person Act 1861
, 169
Offences Against the State Act 1939 (OASA)
, 171, 188
Office of Public Works
, 100
OPCAT
, 226, 236
Oral history methodology
, 22
Order of Our Lady of Charity of Refuge (OLC)
, 81
Oversight of prisons
, 225
Parole
, 196–202
Partition of island
, 207–208
Pastoral penality
, 21–22, 152–154
Pastoral penalty
, 31–32
Penal change, agonistic interpretation of
, 31
Penal culture
, 21
Penal Laws
, 82
Penal oversight
, 225–226
contemporary developments
, 236–237
in Ireland
, 237–238
in Irish penal history
, 226–236
Penal Policy Review Group
, 237
Penal transformation
, 2
Penal voluntary sector
, 19–21, 26, 31
Penal welfarism
, 275
Penality
, 21–22
Penitents
, 80
Peripheral women
, 284–286
Periphery, historical perspectives from
, 14
Perspectives from a Periphery
, 5
Polarisation rhetoric
, 20–21
Police homicides
, 187–188
Police killings. See also Garda killings
, 12, 187, 196–202
Policeman’s paradise
, 199
Political violence, subversion and threat of
, 170–172
Politics
, 196–202
Post-Act of Union
, 227
Post-colonial countries
, 32
Post-war society
, 39–41
Post-war theories of child development
, 38
“Post-welfare” state modernization
, 20
Postcolonial crime and punishment in Ireland
, 164–166
Postcolonial criminal justice
, 165
Postcolonial legacies
, 165
Postcolonial state
, 171
Postcolonial theory
, 209–210
Postcoloniality
, 6
Pragmatism
, 147–148
Prevention of Crime Act 1882
, 167
Prison litigation
, 234
Prison Officers Association conference
, 244
‘Prison review’ system
, 196
Prison Rules
, 247
Prison Study Group (1973)
, 233, 247
Prisoners Revenge Group
, 249
Prisoners’ Rights Organisation (PRO)
, 13, 193, 241
comprehensive system of penal reform
, 242–244
demonisation
, 250n6
interpreting contested histories
, 253–257
prison system
, 244–246
supporters
, 242
triple depressant of overcrowding, idleness and squalor
, 246–248
troublemakers
, 248–253
Prisoners’ Rights: A Study of Irish Prison Law (1981)
, 251
Prisons (Ireland) Act 1856
, 227
Prisons (Visiting Committees) Act 1925
, 229
Prisons Act 1826
, 227
Prisons Act 1907
, 267
Prisons Rules (1947)
, 243
Probation of First Offenders Act 1887
, 267
Probation of Offenders Act 1907
, 28, 267
Probation work
, 19, 22
emerging themes
, 23–30
methodology
, 22
Provisional IRA prisoners
, 255
Pseudonyms
, 22
Psychiatric hospital
, 58–59
Psychiatric hospitalisation
, 72
Psychiatric institutions
, 21
Psychiatry and psychology for institutionalised Irish child
, 44–51
Psychological child
, 9
bowlbyism, institutionalisation, and post-war society
, 39–41
child and juvenile psychiatric services in Ireland
, 41–44
in Irish custodial institutions
, 37
psychiatry and psychology for institutionalised Irish child
, 44–51
‘Public access inquiries’ archives
, 115–116
Public consensus
, 180–182
Punishment
, 11–13
Punitiveness
, 4
revisiting and revising
, 151–152
Quadragesimo Anno (1931)
, 43, 87
Qualifying prisoners
, 202
Quizzical historical sensibility
, 3
Rape
, 208
Recidivism rates
, 277
Redemptive project
, 4
Reformatory Act 1858
, 82
Reformatory and Industrial School System
, 40
Release of Prisoners Commission
, 201
Religion
, 6
Religious orders
, 21
Religious Sisters of Charity
, 79
Reproductive injustice
, 89–91
Republic of Ireland
, 6
Rerum Novarum (1891)
, 43, 87
Residential Institutions Redress Act 2002 (RIRA 2002)
, 124
Residential Institutions Redress Board (RIRB)
, 110
Residential psychiatric centre
, 49–50
Residential schools
, 21
Restoration of Order in Ireland Act
, 169
Retention of Records Bill 2019
, 111n1
Reverend Conor Ward
, 48
‘Rhodes must Fall’ campaign
, 5
Roman Catholic Church
, 63
Roman Catholic faith
, 46
Royal Commission on Capital Punishment
, 168
Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC)
, 165–166, 212
Rule of law
, 166
Rules for the Government of Prisons (1947)
, 276
Rural Ireland
, 43
Rurality
, 6
Ryan Commission
, 59, 73
Ryan Report, The
, 89
Salvation Army
, 73
Secrecy
, 11, 107
Sentence Review Commission
, 202
Sentence Review Group (SRG)
, 196–197
‘Sex in a Cold Climate’
, 275
Sexual assault
, 208
Sexual violence
, 208
‘Sinful singleness’
, 278
Society for the Abolition of the Death Penalty
, 169–170, 173
Society of Jesus
, 42
Sociological cultural study
, 265
Sociology of punishment as sociology of time and place
, 143–144
Southern criminologists
, 4
Southern Criminology
, 4, 13, 142
theoretical framework of
, 242
Southern theory
, 144
Southernising criminology
, 1, 3–7
Southernising punishment and society
, 154–157
Special Criminal Court
, 171–172, 187, 194
Special institution
, 50
Special juries
, 167
St Brigid’s asylum at Ballinasloe in Co. Galway
, 68
St Vincent De Paul
, 21, 27
St. Brendan’s Community Nursing Unit
, 68
St. Patrick’s Institution
, 283–284
Stagnation
, 147–148
Stonewalling
, 233
Studies
, 43
Subaltern Studies
, 210
Subaltern subject-effect
, 211
Subalternity
, 208, 210
Subcommittee for the Prevention of Torture
, 226
Subsidiarity principle
, 21
Suffragette movement
, 269–270
Time
, 284–286
Transgressive violence
, 208
‘Troubles’ in Northern Ireland
, 178
United Nations (UN)
, 109
United Nations Committee Against Torture (UNCAT)
, 125
United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners
, 226
Victorian approach
, 230
Victorian Irish Catholic Embourgeoisement
, 81–84
Violence
, 216–219
in revolutionary studies
, 208–211
Violent incidents
, 211–216
Visiting Committees
, 226–231, 247
Voluntarism
, 30
Voluntary charitable organisations
, 21
Voluntary organisations
, 20
Voluntary sector
, 33
Volunteering
, 23
Volunteer–professional nexus
, 26–30
War of Independence
, 209, 211, 214, 268
Western Anglophone penal theory
, 4
Whittaker Report
, 248, 282
Witness statements
, 213, 215
Women and the Irish Revolution project
, 207, 210, 213
Women’s imprisonment
, 263
1910s and 1920s
, 267–269
1930s and 1940s
, 272–277
1950s and 1960s
, 277–280
1970s and 1980s
, 280–282
1990s and end of century
, 283–284
historical methodology
, 264–266
Irish peripherality
, 263–264
peripheral women
, 284–286
timeline of key events
, 266
tumultuous start
, 266–267
women’s political activism and imprisonment
, 269–272
Youth Problems
, 46
Zones of law
, 166
Zones of violence
, 166
- Prelims
- Introduction
- Part I: Beyond Criminal Justice
- Chapter 1: The Past in the Present: A Historical Perspective on Probation Work at the Intersection Between the Penal Voluntary and Criminal Justice Sectors
- Chapter 2: ‘Straightening Crooked Souls’: Psychology and Children in Custody in 1950s and 1960s Ireland
- Chapter 3: ‘Coercive Confinement’: An Idea Whose Time Has Come?
- Chapter 4: A Certain Class of Justice: Ireland’s Magdalenes
- Chapter 5: Ireland’s ‘Historical’ Abuse Inquiries and the Secrecy of Records and Archives
- Part II: Rethinking Crime and Punishment
- Chapter 6: Against Hibernian Exceptionalism
- Chapter 7: Capital Punishment and Postcolonialism in Ireland
- Chapter 8: The Ultimate Sacrifice: Irish Police (Gardaí) Murdered in the Line of Duty, 1922–2020
- Chapter 9: Gender, Punishment and Violence in Ireland’s Revolution 1919–1923
- Chapter 10: Histories of Penal Oversight
- Chapter 11: ‘Nothing to Say’? Prisoners and the Penal Past
- Chapter 12: Peripheral: Women’s Imprisonment in Twentieth Century Ireland
- Index