Access
, 2, 6, 20, 21, 22, 25, 26, 27, 30, 46, 49, 57, 67, 73, 74, 80, 90, 91, 92, 94, 97, 102, 103, 160, 162, 163, 164, 167–170, 173, 174, 175, 176, 182, 197, 220, 230, 235, 239, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 261, 267, 269, 274, 275, 277
Access to information
, 165, 166, 169, 170, 240, 266
Accessibility
, 32, 95, 163, 164, 165, 166, 168, 169, 173, 176, 177, 194, 200, 233, 245, 264, 266, 269
Accountability
, 11, 49, 50–55, 56, 57, 69, 83, 210, 211, 214, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 230, 232, 236, 241, 248, 278
Achievement
, 6, 46, 53, 54, 55, 67, 96, 113, 117, 118, 147, 151, 181–202, 210, 221, 223, 231, 241, 243, 250, 277, 278
Active participation
, 13, 124, 130, 275, 276
Additional support
, 28, 29, 30, 217, 218, 231, 232, 233, 234
Affordability
, 22, 32, 163, 168
Agency Position on Inclusive Education Systems
, 12
An updated strategic framework for European cooperation in education and training
, 67
Areas of teacher competence for inclusion
, 71
Assessment
, 3, 27, 41, 70, 81, 101, 113, 147, 172, 174, 190, 197, 209–224, 235, 241, 245, 247, 258, 276
Assessment challenges
, 214
Assessment for learning (AfL)
, 212, 221, 224, 274
Assessment framework
, 14, 215, 217, 223, 276
Assessment in Inclusive Settings
, 214, 248
Assessment policy-practice gap
, 209
Assistive technology
, 172, 174
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
, 218
Attitudes, beliefs and core values
, 72
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
, 148
Career-long learning
, 83, 276
Central and Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CEECIS)
, 41
Change
, xiii, xiv, 5, 6, 23, 47, 69, 73, 74, 94, 96, 101, 103, 113, 116, 117, 118–125, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 143, 160, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 201, 202, 216, 274, 278
Changing thought-action style
, 117, 133
Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union
, xiv
Charter of Luxembourg
, 268
Class team
, 196, 197, 199
Classroom observation
, 148, 149, 150, 188
Collaborative practice
, 74, 185
Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions. Opening up Education: Innovative teaching and learning for all through new Technologies and Open Educational Resources
, 176
Community of practice
, 123, 132, 133, 202, 278
Compartmentalisation
, 51, 52
Conceptions of inclusive education
, 3, 12
Conclusions on improving the quality of teacher education
, 66
Continuous professional development (CPD)
, 14, 124, 276
Copenhagen Declaration
, 90
Cost benefit
, 231, 235, 239
Cost-effectiveness
, xiii, 40, 50, 53, 54, 57, 230, 240, 247
Council Conclusions
, 8, 66, 168, 230, 268
Council conclusions of 12 May 2009 on a strategic framework for European cooperation in education and training
, 268
Council Conclusions on ‘Post i-2010 Strategy – towards an open, green and competitive knowledge society’
, 164
Council Conclusions on Accessible Information Society
, 168
Council Conclusions on the Social Dimension of Education and Training
, 8, 230, 268
Council of Europe
, 25, 31, 140
Council of the European Union
, xiv, 8, 9, 21, 66, 68, 164, 168
Council recommendation of 31 March 1992 on child care
, 25
Country-Specific Recommendations (CSRs)
, 11
Crisis awareness
, 116, 117, 131, 133
Cultural change
, 117, 130, 191, 278
Curriculum
, 5, 14, 24, 26, 28, 29, 48, 52, 69, 78, 79, 81, 113, 125, 171, 192, 200, 210, 215, 216, 217, 219, 220, 240, 258, 276
Cyprus recommendations on inclusive assessment
, 219
Data
, 55, 95, 101, 142, 143, 147, 148, 155, 160, 171, 214, 215, 219, 221, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 242, 243, 244, 247, 249, 250, 259, 260, 277, 278
Data collection
, 49, 54, 55, 142, 162, 233, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 242, 247, 249, 259, 277
Decentralised education system
, 48, 49
Declaration on promoting citizenship and the common values of freedom, tolerance and non-discrimination through education
, 8, 268
Denmark
, 51, 119, 138, 146
Developments in educational policy
, 80
Digital Agenda for Europe
, 164
Digital competency/literacy
, 164, 167
Digital divide
, 163, 164, 176
Digital question papers (DQPs)
, 173
Disability studies
, 73, 76, 78
Diversity
, xiv, 5, 6, 12, 13, 22, 26, 27, 39, 40, 43, 45, 54, 56, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 73, 74, 75, 76, 80, 95, 99, 115, 123, 129, 140, 141–142, 183, 186, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 214, 231, 232, 240, 242, 248, 250, 261, 262, 267, 270, 271, 275, 277, 278
Double-loop learning
, 117
Dropout
, 25, 42, 45, 92, 100
Early Childhood Development and Disability
, 31
Early childhood education and care (ECEC)
, xv, 11, 20, 268
Early Childhood Intervention (ECI)
, 22, 240, 244
Early intervention
, 8, 230, 241
Education and Training 2020 (ET 2020)
, xiv, 67, 90
Education and Training Monitor
, 11
Effectiveness issues
, 247
Efficiency
, 90, 229–250, 265, 277
Employability
, 9, 25, 68, 94, 100, 101, 244
Employment
, 30, 47, 48, 51, 92, 93–96, 97, 98, 101, 102, 103, 104, 138, 161, 164, 239, 244, 246, 258, 261
End users’ voices
, 262, 271
Equal opportunities
, 2, 55, 66, 268
Equity
, xiv, xv, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 25, 30, 40, 42, 45–50, 57, 69, 80, 91, 125, 141, 153, 154, 161, 162, 163–167, 176, 182, 220, 229–250, 267, 268, 271, 275, 277
Equity in education
, 8, 45, 69, 125, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 231, 248, 249, 267, 268
Ethnic minority
, 121, 140, 142
Ethnicity
, 68, 143, 145, 147, 148, 151, 153
Europe 2020 Strategy
, 68, 167, 168
European Accessibility Act
, 164, 168, 169
European Commission
, xiv, 9, 21, 22, 23, 25, 26, 31, 38, 39, 41, 43, 55, 67, 68, 75, 79, 90, 94, 140, 141, 161, 163, 164, 168, 183, 201, 257
European Disability Strategy 2010–2020
, xiv, 67, 93, 94
European Employment Strategy (EES)
, 94
European Free Trade Association (EFTA)
, 2
European Parliament
, 139, 163, 257
European Parliament Hearing
, 7, 100
European qualifications framework (EQF)
, 96
European Quality Assurance in Vocational Education and Training (EQAVET)
, 95
European Social Fund (ESF)
, 149
European Union (EU)
, xiv, 2, 11, 43, 64, 93, 139, 161, 257, 267
European Year of People with Disabilities
, 257
Eurostat
, 22, 31, 55, 91, 93, 94
Eurydice
, 22, 31, 38, 39, 41, 54, 79, 140, 219
Everyday life
, 21, 32, 161
Evidenced-based policy-making
, 230
Excellence
, xiv, 5, 45, 53, 57, 182, 220
Feedback
, 24, 29, 188, 193, 213, 217, 219, 278
Financing
, 48, 49, 51, 265
Five Key Messages for Inclusive Education
, 258
Formative assessment
, 212, 213, 222
France
, 38, 42, 44, 47, 138
Funding
, 22, 26, 30, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 112, 125, 126, 168, 240, 259, 260, 265
Funding mechanisms
, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 52, 56, 57, 58, 259, 260, 265
Further education
, 93, 239
ICTs in Education for People with Disabilities
, 164
Immigration
, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 247
Incentives for inclusive education
, 40
Inclusion
, xiii, xiv, 3–6, 6–8, 8–12, 24, 26, 27, 28, 30, 32, 33, 39, 44, 46, 48, 55, 63–83, 94, 99, 104, 113–116, 118, 119, 120, 121, 123, 124, 126, 129, 132, 134, 150, 152–153, 154, 162, 164, 167, 194, 200, 210, 211, 212, 216, 222, 231, 233, 238, 239, 241, 244, 250, 258, 264, 271, 276, 277, 279
Inclusion and learner achievement
, 116
Inclusive assessment
, 209–224, 274, 276, 278
Inclusive Early Childhood Education (IECE)
, 19–33
Inclusive education
, xiii, xiv, xv, xvi, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12–13, 13–14, 37–58, 64, 66, 67, 68, 69, 73, 74, 75, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 83, 94, 95, 99, 112, 113, 139, 154, 161, 162, 167, 175, 176, 181, 182, 183, 186, 187, 191, 194, 215, 221, 229–250, 256, 257, 258, 259, 261, 262, 264, 267–270, 271, 273–279
Inclusive learning opportunities
, 159–177, 274
Inclusive pedagogy
, 72, 73, 76, 185, 216
Inclusive principles
, 119, 217, 221, 224
Inclusive VET
, 92, 97, 99, 104
Increasing inclusive capability in education and schools
, 113, 116, 117, 133
Independent living
, 46, 102, 244
Individual learning needs
, 11, 13, 231, 234, 273
Induction
, 65, 79, 82, 83, 189
Information and communication technologies (ICT)
, 163, 165, 240
Initial identification of needs
, 214
Initial teacher education (ITE)
, 65, 194, 249
Innovation
, 9, 72, 90, 190, 193, 202, 212, 249
Input-process-outcome model
, 237
In-service teacher education
, 43
In-service training
, 28, 72
Institutionalisation of inclusive thought-action style
, 118
Instructional practices
, 185, 188, 193
Integration
, 4, 71, 72, 73, 102, 119, 201, 250, 268, 278
International Bureau of Education (IBE)
, xiv
International Conference on Education
, xiv, 6, 94
International Labour Organization
, 92
International policy
, 164, 169, 176, 249
International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
, 160, 162
Intervention
, 8, 23, 55, 130, 139, 212, 217, 230, 241, 258, 279
Ireland
, 28, 41, 45, 51, 79, 185, 186, 187, 188, 192, 193
Labelling
, 39, 41, 42, 56, 69, 217, 218, 235, 236
Labour market
, 25, 48, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 97, 98, 100–103, 239, 243
Leadership
, 83, 99, 114, 124, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 192, 214
Learner achievement
, 116, 133, 212, 215, 221
Learner deficit
, 114, 133
Learner heterogeneity
, 122
Learner learning
, 212, 220, 223
Learner participation
, 245, 274
Learner participation in decision-making
, 274
Learner progress
, 210, 213, 215
Learner voice
, 194, 198, 202, 275
Learners with SEN
, 5, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 50, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 92, 94, 97, 98, 211, 231, 233, 234, 236, 239, 242, 243, 245, 246, 247
Learners’ rights
, 50–55, 57, 81, 232, 233, 241, 243, 247, 274, 277
Learning chain of command
, 130, 134
Learning communities
, 7, 10, 74, 76, 82, 194
Learning opportunities
, 170, 171, 174, 175, 183, 192, 216, 232, 245, 247, 274, 275
Learning support
, 41, 44, 75
Lifelong guidance
, 94, 95
Lifelong learning
, xiv, 9, 10, 11, 20, 25, 46, 70, 72, 73, 74, 90, 92, 94, 164, 165, 168, 200
Low-incidence disability
, 42
Luxembourg
, 138, 257, 267
Luxembourg Recommendations
, 267–270
Mainstream schools
, 40, 41, 42, 49, 51, 56, 113, 123, 125, 185, 233, 234, 242, 261, 265, 270
Malta
, 38, 44, 54, 113, 139
Mapping the Implementation of Policy for Inclusive Education
, 249
Meaningful educational opportunities
, 274, 275
Migration
, 69, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
, 165, 170
Ministerial Declaration on ICT for an Inclusive Society
, 167
Minority ethnic groups
, 140, 145, 146, 147, 248
Monitoring
, 11, 50, 53, 54, 55, 57, 102, 129, 162, 176, 200, 202, 210, 211, 220, 231, 232, 233, 235, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 243, 244, 245, 247, 248, 250, 265, 277
Monitoring and evaluation
, 26, 29–30, 49, 233
Multicultural Diversity and Special Needs Education
, 142
Multiculturalism
, 150–152, 154
Multi-disciplinary team
, 100, 212
Multi-professional teams
, 124, 197
Parents
, 11, 13, 25, 26, 28, 29, 30, 38, 39, 43, 47, 83, 122, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 144, 150, 163, 176, 185, 187, 191, 197, 198, 199, 202, 212, 214, 217, 218, 221, 240, 242, 249, 261, 271, 274, 278
Participation in Inclusive Education
, 177, 244
Pedagogy for all
, 194, 199, 200
Peer assessment
, 213, 222, 223
Peers
, xv, 5, 7, 12, 29, 38, 42, 56, 68, 101, 150, 171, 184, 200, 201, 231, 234, 236, 244, 262, 267
Personalisation
, 184, 198, 213
Personalised approaches
, 13, 276
Policy Guidelines on Inclusion in Education
, 233, 268
Policy implementation
, xv, xvi, 13, 163, 194, 273
Policy-practice gap
, xv, 40, 170, 185, 186, 194, 273, 277
Poverty
, 22, 27, 91, 93, 103, 138, 165, 234, 245
Pre-primary education
, 20, 21
Pre-service teachers
, 72, 74, 76
Presidency of the European Union
, 257, 267
Prevention
, 119, 241, 279
Procurement
, 160, 164, 166, 169, 176
Professional development
, 67, 73, 74, 75, 76, 80, 81, 113, 184, 186, 187, 188, 259, 276
Professional learning
, 65, 74, 194
Profile of Inclusive Teachers
, 73, 221
Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA)
, 117
Promoting Accessible Information for Lifelong Learning: Recommendations and findings of the i-access project
, 168
Salamanca Statement
, xiii, 6, 94, 268
School culture
, 67, 75, 113, 114, 116, 117, 130, 133, 195, 196, 197
School ethos
, 11, 194, 195, 275
School failure
, xiv, 8, 10, 25, 182, 249
School for all
, 125, 131, 132, 195
School inspectorate
, 124, 125
School leadership
, 11, 66, 67, 114, 189, 214
School placement
, 71, 76, 78, 215
School self-evaluation
, 186, 187, 189
Segregated settings
, 41, 46, 55, 120, 234
Self-assessment
, 222, 223
Self-efficacy
, 74, 79, 188
Shared professional understanding
, 70, 277
Single-loop learning
, 117
Skill Training Model
, 193
Social exclusion
, 25, 103, 161, 279
Socialinclusion
, 6, 8, 48, 91, 95, 103, 149, 164, 183, 230, 231, 232, 242
Socioeconomic disadvantage
, 147, 153
Special educational needs (SEN)
, xv, 4, 5, 6, 38, 125, 137–155, 161, 168, 186, 211, 236, 240, 257, 274
Special needs education (SNE)
, 5, 43, 55, 76, 127, 142, 146, 161, 164, 268
Special schools
, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 44, 51, 56, 119, 123, 132, 150, 165, 233, 234
Specific learning difficulties (SpLD)
, 144, 148, 218
Specific learning disability
, 42
Staff Working Document
, 9
Strength-based learning environment
, 200
Student achievement
, 185, 190, 193
Student teachers
, 65, 70, 75, 77, 78, 79, 248
Success factors
, 92, 97, 98, 102, 104
Summative assessment
, 222, 224
Support systems
, 259, 260, 265, 276, 279
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
, 10, 96, 165
Sweden
, 113, 116, 117, 125, 126, 131, 132, 138, 146
Teacher education
, 8, 65, 66, 71, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 83, 194, 221, 223, 248, 276
Teacher Education for Inclusion (TE4I)
, 64, 70, 71, 76, 78, 81, 83, 221, 248, 276
Teacher Education for Inclusion Across Europe – Challenges and Opportunities
, 69
Teacher educators
, 66, 70, 71, 72, 73, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 81, 83, 223, 248
Teachers Matter (OECD report)
, 64
Teaching And Learning International Survey (TALIS)
, 43, 188
Teamwork
, 28, 99, 122, 123, 200, 214, 240
Terminology
, 3, 4, 140, 262
Thematic Working Group on Early Childhood Education and Care
, 21, 26
Thought-action style
, 118, 133, 134
Tipping-point leadership
, 111–134, 278
Tolerance
, 8, 53, 64, 141, 268, 269, 271
Transition
, 11, 29, 46, 48, 52, 55, 56, 78, 97, 98, 101, 102, 104, 231, 238, 239, 243, 245, 246, 258, 261
Transition from School to Employment
, 245
UK (England)
, 139, 145, 146, 147, 148, 153, 154, 155
UK (Scotland)
, 72, 77, 170, 171
Underachievement
, 8, 10, 145, 183, 234
UNESCO Institute for Information Technologies in Education (IITE)
, 245
United Kingdom (UK)
, 2, 24, 138, 145, 170, 171
United Nations
, 10, 39, 46, 165
United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF)
, 21, 25, 39, 41, 42, 43, 49, 51, 55, 220
United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD)
, 10, 39, 40, 45, 46, 161, 162, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 175, 234
United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC)
, 230
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
, 6, 12, 21, 25, 27, 31, 40, 45, 64, 90, 92, 94, 95, 96, 112, 140, 161, 164, 165, 167, 169, 170, 233, 245, 250, 268
United States (US)
, 23, 47, 51, 71, 74, 145, 197
Universal design
, 6, 167, 172, 173, 177, 270
Universal design for learning (UDL)
, 172
Universal Instructional Design (UID)
, 94