Generational differences in workplace attitudes and job satisfaction: Lack of sizable differences across cohorts

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the presence of generational differences in items measuring workplace attitudes (e.g. job satisfaction, employee engagement).

Design/methodology/approach

Data from two empirical studies were used; the first study examined generational differences in large sample, multi-organizational administrations of an employee survey at both the item and general-factor levels. The second study compared job satisfaction ratings between parents and their children from a large nationwide longitudinal survey.

Findings

Although statistically significant, most generational differences in Study 1 did not meet established cutoffs for a medium effect size. Type II error was ruled out given the large power. In Study 2, generational differences again failed to reach Cohen’s cutoff for a medium effect size. Across both studies, over 98 percent of the variance in workplace attitudes lies within groups, as opposed to between groups, and the distributions of scores on these variables overlap by over 79 percent.

Originality/value

Prior studies examining generational differences in workplace attitudes focused on scale-level constructs. The present paper focused on more specific item-level constructs and employed larger sample sizes, which reduced the effects of sampling error. In terms of workplace attitudes, it appears that generations are more similar than they are different.

Citation

Cucina, J.M., Byle, K.A., Martin, N.R., Peyton, S.T. and Gast, I.F. (2018), "Generational differences in workplace attitudes and job satisfaction: Lack of sizable differences across cohorts", Journal of Managerial Psychology, Vol. 33 No. 3, pp. 246-264. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-03-2017-0115