Exploring factors affecting communication in three-dimensional virtual worlds for second language learning: development and validation of a scale
International Journal of Information and Learning Technology
ISSN: 2056-4880
Article publication date: 24 January 2024
Issue publication date: 30 January 2024
Abstract
Purpose
The use of three-dimensional virtual worlds (3DVWs) is increasingly becoming a common practice in language education to provide digital learning environments for second-language (L2) communicative classes. This study aimed to identify the key factors underlying communication in 3DVWs that can improve the communication skills of L2 learners.
Design/methodology/approach
To achieve this, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted to validate the identified factors affecting communication in 3DVWs. A self-reported questionnaire with 47 items on a five-point Likert scale was administered to 513 pre-service teachers, teachers and lecturers in the field of language education.
Findings
The results of the EFA revealed four factors that contribute to communication in 3DVWs, namely learner motivation, interaction pattern, language development and learner autonomy. CFA results provided support for the updated model, with statistically significant Chi-square results (χ² (df = 83) = 181.049, p < 0.001) indicating a good fit between the model and the data.
Originality/value
The findings suggest that the four EFA-derived parameters are valid and can assist instructional designers and L2 instructors in creating 3DVWs that enhance L2 learners' communication abilities. This study provides valuable insights for educators, instructional designers and researchers in the field of language education and technology-enhanced learning.
Keywords
Acknowledgements
The project is funded by National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT) and Mahidol University (Grant Number: N42A650353).
Citation
Wiboolyasarin, K., Wiboolyasarin, W., Kamonsawad, R., Tiranant, P., Boonyakitanont, P. and Jinowat, N. (2024), "Exploring factors affecting communication in three-dimensional virtual worlds for second language learning: development and validation of a scale", International Journal of Information and Learning Technology, Vol. 41 No. 1, pp. 86-98. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJILT-02-2023-0021
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
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