Academic sources

, 4

Adam Park Project, The

, 141

Alternative tourism

, 4–6

American Civil War, The

, 45, 55–56, 60–61, 90

Antietam National Battlefield

, 160

Artefacts

, 45–46

Associations

, 139–140

Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC)

, 47

Battle of Gallipoli, The

, 91

Battle of Gettysburg, The

, 124

Battle of Isandlwana, The

, 161

Battle of the Bulge, The

, 161

Battle of Verdun, The

, 124–125

Battle of Waterloo

, 90, 124, 161

Battlefield tourism

, 29, 37–41, 43–44, 49–50, 52, 76, 86–87, 101–102, 116, 132–133, 158

American Civil War, The

, 60–61

analysis and synthesis

, 166

attractions across world

, 160–161

basic concepts

, 39–50

battlefields and associated places to visit around world

, 104–109

chronology of

, 88–93

conceptual development

, 77–86

dark tourism as growing niche tourism market

, 158–160

data gathering

, 166

definition of

, 63–64

demand

, 53

demand-led understanding of battlefield tourism

, 53–55

destinations

, 164

determination of objectives

, 165–166

development plan

, 166–167

Great War, The

, 61–62

implementation and monitoring

, 167–168

intermediaries

, 116–125

interpretation

, 58–59

key factors of thriving tourism development plan for

, 163–168

Kinmen War, The and Vietnam War, The

, 62–63

literature

, 62

memorials and cemeteries

, 44–45

nonofficial institutions supporting battlefield tourism by country

, 147–152

official institutions supporting battlefield tourism by country

, 142–146

pilgrim/tourist dichotomy

, 54–55

pilgrimage, commemoration, and remembrance

, 47–48

policy and plan formulation

, 167

re-enactment

, 59–60

recommendations

, 167

role of battlefield tourism in tourism landscape

, 161–163

social memory

, 46–47

Spanish Civil War, The and Second World War, The

, 62

study preparation

, 165

supply

, 56–57

supply and demand for

, 102–104

supply-led understanding of

, 55–63

supporting institutions

, 140–153

thanatourism/dark tourism

, 48–50

tourist flows

, 132–133, 136

war

, 39–42

war and tourism

, 50–53

war museums and artefacts

, 45–46

Battlefield tourists

, 135

flow

, 135

motivation

, 134

travel motivation

, 131–132

Battlefield Tours

, 48

Battlefields

, 43–44, 93, 140

destinations

, 165

guides

, 59

re-enactment

, 59

routes

, 162–163

“Battleless” battlefield

, 44

Bell curves

, 22–23

Boer wars

, 90

Britinia-Anzac Cemeteries, The

, 91

British Battles Nomenclature Committee

, 43

British Commonwealth policy, The

, 45

Business travel agents

, 121

Cemeteries

, 44–45

Chronology of battlefield tourism

, 88–93

Civil society organizations

, 139–140

Classical tourism approach

, 23–24

Collective memory

, 46–47

Commemoration

, 47–48

Commonwealth War Graves Commission (CWGC)

, 54–55, 104, 141

Compartmentalization

, 22

Conflict

, 7

“Conflict zones”

, 50

Conventional marketing

, 53

Conventional tourism trips

, 5–6

Craft beer tourism

, 29

Creative tourism

, 26–27

Cultural heritage

, 140

Cultural tourism

, 131–132

“Dark shift”

, 82–83

Dark tourism (see also Special Interest Tourism (SIT))

, 48, 50–51, 78, 131–133, 158–159

in 21st century approaches

, 80–86

battlefield tourism

, 77–86

early period on

, 77–80

as growing niche tourism market

, 158–160

motivation

, 134

Decision-making process

, 5–6

Destinations

, 132–133, 165

Disastrous battles (1916)

, 47–48

Douamont Ossuary cemetery

, 124–125

Ecotourism

, 4–5

“Environmental bubble”

, 22–23

Foundations

, 139–140

Functional classification of travel agencies

, 121

Future Market Insights (FMI)

, 10

Gettysburg Battle

, 90

Gettysburg National Military Park

, 160

Governments

, 140

Great War, The

, 46, 48, 52, 55–57, 61–62

Gross domestic product (GDP)

, 164

Heritage tourism

, 38

Historic wars

, 55–56

History tourism

, 38

Holocaust heritage attractions

, 62

Imperial War Graves Commission (IWGC)

, 141

Incoming agencies

, 121

Independent agencies

, 121

Industrial Revolution

, 23–24, 116–117

Information technologies and communications

, 9

Interactive museums

, 45–46

Intermediaries

, 117–118

institutions

, 117, 125

International tourism market

, 4

International tourist flow

, 132

Interpretation

, 58–59

Kinmen War, The

, 62–63

Leisure travel agents

, 121

Light detection and ranging (LIDAR)

, 43

Major distribution agencies

, 120

Manassas National Battlefield Park

, 160

Marx’s theory of social evolution

, 39–40

Mass tourism

, 23, 25–26

Memorials

, 44–45

Military Expenditure Database

, 35–36

Modernism

, 81

Monitoring process

, 167

Monuments

, 45–46

Museum

, 45–46

Mycotourism

, 29

Napoleonic Wars, the

, 55–56

National D-Day Memorial Foundation

, 153

National Office for Veterans and Victims of War (ONaCVG)

, 146–147

National Park Service

, 141

Natural heritage

, 140

Nature-based tourism

, 8

Netherlands Institute of Military History (NIMH)

, 146–147

Niche tourism market, dark tourism as growing

, 158–160

Nonofficial institutions

, 139–140

Nontraditional market

, 9

Normandy D-Day Landing Beaches, The

, 161

Normandy landing, The

, 124

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

, 36–37

Objectives

, 37

Official institutions

, 139–140

“One China” concept

, 36–37

Outgoing agencies

, 121

Personal motivation

, 134

Pilgrim/tourist dichotomy

, 54–55

Pilgrimage

, 47–48

Play

, 59

Policymakers

, 10

Postmodernity

, 81–82

Re-enactment

, 59–60

Recluse tourism

, 29

Remembrance

, 47–48

Retailers

, 117–118

Rural tourism

, 24–25

Russia–Ukraine War

, 36–37

Scotland’s Inventory of Historic Battlefields

, 43

Second World War, The

, 55–56, 62

Shipwreck tourism

, 29

Simultaneous localisation and mapping methods (SLAM methods)

, 43

Social memory

, 46–47

Spanish Civil War, The

, 62

Special Interest Tourism (SIT)

, 4–7, 11, 26–27

benefits

, 25–27

classification of research topics according to tourism types

, 14

criticisms

, 10–11

field of study distribution of graduate theses

, 14

limitations

, 27–28

management

, 7–10

mass tourism vs.

, 23–25

research topics in Turkish Higher Education

, 11–12, 14

vacations

, 4

Special interest tourist

, 24, 27

Specialized agencies

, 120–121

Specialized travel agencies

, 121

Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI)

, 35–36

Structural classification of travel agencies

, 121

Suicide tourism

, 29

Supply-led understanding of battlefield tourism

, 55–63

Sustainability

, 4–6

of tourism development

, 26

Sustainable development

, 4–5

Sustainable tourism

, 5–6

Tactical exercise without troops (TEWT)

, 53

Terms of Reference (TOR)

, 165

Thanatourism

, 48, 50, 158

in 21st century approaches

, 80–86

battlefield tourism part of

, 77–86

early period on

, 77–80

Theory-based approaches

, 16

Theory–based special interest tourism

basic classification of SIT research topics in Turkish Higher Education

, 11

criticisms of SIT

, 10–11

management of SIT

, 7–10

SIT

, 6–7

sustainability, sustainable tourism, and alternative tourism vs. SIT

, 5–6

Total war

, 37–38

Tour operators

, 118–119

Tourism

, 9, 22, 53–54, 103–104, 131–133

activity

, 15, 25, 140

battlefield tourism in tourism landscape

, 161–163

industry

, 117–119

key factors of thriving tourism development plan for battlefield tourism

, 163–168

movements

, 139–140

product

, 24

studies

, 38

system

, 38–39

war and

, 50–53

Touristic attractions

, 76–77

Tourists

, 135, 159

destinations

, 93

dichotomy

, 54–55

experience

, 26–27

flow

, 136

motivations

, 23

Traditional tourism

, 131–132

Travel agencies

, 119–120

Travel businesses

, 118

Travel motivation

, 6–7

Turkish Higher Education, basic classification of SIT research topics in

, 11

Two-dimensional vector models

, 22–23

Types of tourism product

, 24

United Nations World Tourism Organization

, 8–9

US Department of Veterans Affairs

, 146–147

Vietnam War, The

, 62–63

Vietnam War Memorial in Washington, The

, 38

War motivation factor

, 134

War museums

, 45–46

War objects

, 46

War tourism

, 37, 40–41, 50, 53, 77, 101–102, 162

attractions

, 39

early examples

, 51–53

history

, 76

War Zone Tours (WZT)

, 92–93

Warfare

, 36

tourism

, 63–64

Wars

, 35–36, 38–39, 42, 55–56, 88, 101–102, 116, 121–122, 133, 139–140

war-related tourist attractions

, 93

Waterloo

, 87

Western Front, The

, 61

Wholesalers

, 117–118

World War I (WWI)

, 79–80, 87, 90–91

World War II (WWII)

, 83–84, 91–92