Academic research in migration

, 1–2

Acculturation

of migrants

, 39

in non-economic literature

, 45

styles

, 42

Active citizenship

, 62

Adaptation

, 34–35

Advisory Group (AIG)

, 191

African diaspora evolution

, 34–35

African migrants in diaspora

, 63

Air Officer Commanding (AOC)

, 187

Ali, Altab

, 201

beginning of confrontation towards racism and fascism

, 201–202

Bengali youths in front line in movement against racism

, 202

establishment of different entities

, 202–203

identity of Bangladeshi community

, 204–205

murder

, 201

naming of Altab Ali Park and establishment of Altab Ali arch

, 203–204

participation into mainstream politics

, 204

Altruism, recognition for

, 189–190

Ambition

, 34–35

Anti-British movement

, 199–200

Anti-discrimination

, 188

Aspiration

, 34–35

Assimilation

, 74

Asylum process

, 160–161

Australia

migrants in

, 174

public

, 177–178

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS)

, 173

Australian society

fiscal capital reforms

, 178–179

human capital reforms

, 176–177

migrant contributions to

, 173

population social policy reforms

, 174–176

social capital and cohesion reforms

, 177–178

Badge of Honour for Meritorious service medal

, 184

Bangladesh

, 200–201

Bangladesh Youth Movement (BYM)

, 202

Bangladeshi Youth Movement (BYM)

, 201

Bangladeshis

, 199

Bank of America

, 24–25

Belonging

, 54, 69–70, 103

Benemerenti medal

, 183, 184

Bengal Youth League (BYL)

, 201

Bengali Educational Needs in Tower Hamlets (BENTH)

, 203

Bengali youths in front line in movement against racism

, 202

Berner Centre

, 204–205

‘Biographical narratives in migration studies’ field

, 165–166

Black and minority ethnic communities (BAME communities)

, 189–190

Black Caribbeans

, 187

Brexit

, 119

Brick Lane

, 199–201

British Nationalist Front (BNF)

, 200–201

Business ownership

, 103

BWA Centre

, 204–205

CALL advocacy in Lincolnshire

, 191

Canada

, 44, 69–70, 73–77, 173, 176

Canada, Francophone literature in

, 35–36

Canadian Multiculturalism Act

, 69–70

Caribbean

, 74, 185–186

Cartesian coordinate system

, 42

Cartesian plane

, 42

Central and Eastern Europe (CEE)

, 88, 90

respondents

, 95

Central European

, 88

Chairmanships and membership of voluntary organisations

, 191–193

Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD)

, 128

Chinese

, 47–48

immigrant entrepreneurs

, 60–61

CIMB Bank

, 24–25

Citi GPS

, 125

Citizen

, 44, 53–55, 62, 77, 155

Citizenship

, 53–55

sociological implications

, 61–63

Cognition

, 151–152

Cohesion reforms

, 177–178

Collectivism

, 89–90

Collectivity

, 12

Colonisation

, 11, 55–56

Colombian study

, 89–90

Commander-in-Chief commendations (C-in-C commendations)

, 186

Commission of Inquiry into Poverty

, 178

Communication

, 15–18

Communitarianism

, 54

Community

, 3, 54

Community activism

, 189–191

chairmanships and membership of voluntary organisations

, 191–193

criminal justice system and re-socialising offenders

, 190–191

recognition for altruism

, 189–190

Conquest

, 11

Constructivism

, 151–152

Contribution

, 19–20, 41, 69, 77, 101, 122–123, 136, 141, 190–191

Coping strategies

, 86

Country

, 22–23

Country of origin

, 42–43, 48–49, 69–70, 72, 83, 86, 92

Criminal justice system

, 190–191

Cross-national investigations

, 1–2

Crown Prosecution Service (CPS)

, 191

Culinary practices

, 72–73

Cultural globalisation

, 56–57

Cultural orientation (CO)

, 141

Culture, fluid and changing characteristics of

, 39–40

Czech migrant

, 177

Data precariousness

, 17

Differentiated embeddedness

, 53, 58–59, 62

Digital social networks

, 16

Discourse

, 3, 31, 55–56, 138, 165–166

Diversity of experience

, 87–88

Double embeddedness. See Dual embeddedness

Dual embeddedness

, 53, 59–61

Dual frames of reference

, 89–90

Dual relational embeddedness of subsidiaries

, 60

Duality

, 59–60

East Pakistan. See Bangladesh

Economic acculturation

, 45

Economic migrants

, 176

Economic theories

, 119–120

Economy/work

, 76–78

Education

, 153–154

and skills

, 120–121

Elasticity of substitution

, 122–123

Embeddedness

, 53, 57–58

sociological implications

, 61–63

Emigration

, 120

Employer-employee relationship vacuum

, 145

Employers

, 84–85

Employment situation of migrant workers

, 83

diversity of experience

, 87–88

dual frames of reference

, 89–90

migrant work–life tensions

, 90–96

vulnerability

, 83–87

Entitlement

, 178, 186

Entrepreneurial becoming

, 102–104

Entrepreneurial identity

, 105

Entrepreneurs

, 61, 101, 104

Entrepreneurs Network

, 124

Entrepreneurship

, 102

as way of connecting families

, 109–111

as way of connecting with community

, 111–114

Epistemic privilege

, 33

Epistemological discourse

, 32–34

Epistemology

, 162

Equality legislation

, 188

ESOL classes

, 114

Ethnic

massacres

, 11

minorities

, 3

Ethnic and Racial Studies (ERS)

, 165

Ethnicity

, 4–5, 48–49

EU

, 1–2, 15–16

European Economic Area (EEA)

, 125

European migration

, 12

European Union (EU)

, 1–2, 15–16

EU8 group

, 102

Exclusion

, 17–18, 207

Exile

, 1–2, 151–152, 155

Fairchild’s typology

, 11–12

Family support

, 107

Fascism

, 201–202

Fiscal capital reforms

, 178–179

Food

, 72–73

Forced migrants

, 1, 9, 12, 173, 177

Forced migration

, 12

Francophone literature

, 31

from Africa

, 32

Canada

, 35–36

Free migration

, 12

French

, 10

language

, 31

literature

, 32

readers

, 33–34

Game theory approach

, 41, 42, 44

Games/recreation

, 75–76

Gender

, 12, 87–88, 101

General Practice (GP)

, 125

Ghetto

, 3

Global integration

, 56–57

Global mobility and wars

, 173

Globalisation

, 39–40, 47–49, 56–57

Gross domestic product (GDP)

, 175–176

Hanbury Street

, 200–201

Hate crime

, 191

Hate Crime Scrutiny Panel (HCSP)

, 191

Health of migrants

, 177

Hearer

, 155

‘High’ cultures

, 11

Homesickness

, 13

Horizon Community Development Limited (2012–2018)

, 192–193

Hospitality sector

, 86–87

Host country

, 4–5, 53, 62, 103–104, 137–138, 208

Host-migrant cultural gap

, 207

Hostile environment

, 121

HSBC

, 24–25

Human capital

approach

, 42

reforms

, 176–177

Human rights approach

, 49

Humanities

, 13

Hybrid identities

, 57

Hybridity

, 53, 55–57

attitudes towards

, 57

sociological implications

, 61–63

Identity

, 48–49

formation and development

, 103–104

identity-globalisation nexus

, 40

and settled communities in economics

, 40–44

Immigrant(s). See also Migrant(s)

, 15

immigrant-led SMEs

, 124

Immigration. See also Migration

, 11, 119–120, 126, 128, 199

economic and social consequences

, 123–125

perceived impacts

, 18–22

shapes people’s views on

, 18–25

Impelled migration

, 12

Innovation

, 77–78

Inquirer stance

, 164

Inquiry purpose

, 163–164

Institutional embeddedness

, 59–60

Integration

, 16, 60, 74

Inter-community relations

, 73

Inter-migrant communities

, 72, 73

Interactive acculturation model (IAM)

, 42–43

Intergroup anxiety

, 41

International Organization for Migration (IOM)

, 176

International trade

, 119, 178

Invasion

, 11

Involuntary immigrants

, 63

Islamic Revolution (1979)

, 36

Jagonari and Davenant Centre

, 204–205

Jobs

, 77, 84, 86–87, 106, 187–188, 200–201, 208

Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies (JEMS)

, 165

Jugglers

, 86

Knowing

, 151–152

Knowledge acquisition

, 152–153

Kobi Nazrul Centre

, 204–205

Labour market

, 121–123

Language

, 70–72

proficiency

, 70

Langue de Moliére

, 31

Lascars

, 199

Latin America (LA)

, 90

Liberal individualism

, 54

Life of service

, 186–193

Lincoln Elders Forum (LEF)

, 192

Lincolnshire Race Equality Council (2004–2007)

, 191

Linguistic

imprecision

, 152–153

proximity

, 70

Literal language

, 151–152

Lloyds

, 24–25

Local officials

, 3

Logical Positivism

, 151–152

London Transport Executive (LTE)

, 185

Longhurst & Havelok Homes (L&H Homes)

, 192

‘Low’ cultures

, 11

Macroeconomic theory

, 123

Marginalisation

, 42, 74

Marriage Care

, 189

Married Quarters

, 193–194

Mass migration

, 12

Maybank

, 24–25

MBE medal

, 184

McFarlane, Sidney (case study)

, 183, 185

community activism

, 189–191

life of service

, 186–193

settling in territory

, 185–186

Media

and politicians in shaping national public attitudes

, 22–23

representations of migrants in

, 15–16

shapes people’s views on immigration

, 18–25

Member of Parliaments (MPs)

, 204

Mental health

, 1

Metaphorical presentation

, 154–155

Metaphors

, 151

and language

, 151

in migration research

, 152–153

perspectives on

, 151–152

as research tool

, 153–157

Methodology

, 163

Migrant Resource Centres (MRCs)

, 177

Migrant women

, 101, 102–104

entrepreneurs

, 104

journeys to becoming entrepreneurs

, 105–114

‘Migrant Workers Movement’, A

, 178

Migrant(s)

, 1, 15, 39, 69, 70, 77, 119, 155

accountant study in Australia

, 84–85

acculturation decision and socioeconomic adaptation

, 44–47

in Australia

, 174

case for understanding

, 207–208

entrepreneurs

, 103

experience in myriad forms

, 36–37

good citizens

, 209–210

grants to ethnic community organisations

, 177

media usage

, 16–18

misrepresentation of migrant experience

, 3–5

as national heroes

, 208–209

representations in media

, 15–16

workers

, 86–88

work–life tensions

, 90–96

Migration. See also Immigration

, 31, 72–73

exacerbation of migratory movements

, 10–11

experience

, 2–3, 41–42, 50, 209

history of

, 9

impact on local economy

, 126–127

migration-employment process

, 135

multiple contours

, 11–12

perspectives on

, 1–3

phenomenon inherent to human history

, 9–10

practice

, 16

research centres

, 1

studies and questions

, 1–2

trends

, 121–123

Migration Advisory Committee

, 183

Migratory movements

, 1–2, 9–10

exacerbation

, 10–11

Muharram Rebellion

, 199–200

Multi-national corporations (MNCs)

, 58

Multiculturalism

, 44, 69

Multiethnolects

, 71–72

‘Multifront’ political hostility

, 24–25

Narrative

, 159

analysis

, 159–160

data sources and forms

, 164–165

inquiry

, 160–165

paradigm

, 161–164

research

, 160–161

research in migration studies

, 165–166

Narrator stance

, 164

Nation

, 3, 4, 22–23, 209–210

Nation-state

, 32, 59–61

National Assistance Board

, 185

National borders, removal of

, 1–2

National hospital services (NHS)

, 125

National Probation Service (NPS)

, 190

Nedjma

, 34

Negative stereotypes

, 41

New Zealand

, 4, 45–46, 63

Newcomer

, 3, 4–5, 105, 199–200

Non-commissioned officers (NCOs)

, 187

Non-literal language

, 152–153

Office of National Statistics (ONS)

, 126

Ontario Human Rights Commission (OHRC)

, 74

Ontological security/insecurity

, 138–139

Ontology

, 162

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries (OECD countries)

, 173, 176

Organisational culture in UK

, 94

Out-group homogeneity effect

, 40–41

Petersen’s theory

, 12

Philosophy

, 161

Policy programmes

, 44

Polish immigrants

, 58–59

Political gains

, 23

Politics

, 204, 15, 32

Polymedia

, 17

Population social policy reforms

, 174–176

Portraits of Black Achievement

, 193

‘Positive migrants’ employment experiences

areas and challenges

, 141

findings on

, 140–141

Post-colonial studies of hybridity

, 55–56

Post-colonialism

, 55–56

Poverty

, 33–35, 42

Pre-migration self

, 105–109

Primitive migration

, 12

Propaganda

, 4–5

Pseudonyms

, 104–105

Psychological theories

, 119–120

Psychology

, 40, 120, 153

Qualitative Migration Research in Europe (QMR-E)

, 165

Quebec

, 35–36

Race

, 12, 23, 191

Race Relations Act

, 187

Racial discrimination

, 187

Racialization

, 4–5, 160–161

Racism

, 24, 57, 191, 202

Re-socialising offenders

, 190–191

Realistic threats

, 41

Refugee Studies

, 57

Refugee(s)

, 1, 15

metaphors

, 152

Regional migration scheme

, 176

Rehabilitation in Africa

, 32

Relational embeddedness of subsidiary

, 60

Religion

, 187–188

Republicanism

, 54

Research protocol

, 139–141

Resilience culture capacity

, 136

Resilience network orientations (RNOs)

, 135–136, 143–145

aspects

, 142

findings on ‘positive migrants’ employment experiences

, 140–141

framework

, 136, 139

key findings on

, 141–142

literature review

, 137–138

methodology

, 138–140

Role discontinuity

, 91–92

Royal Air Force (RAF)

, 186, 193

life in

, 186–189

Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program (SAWP)

, 77

Separation

, 42, 74

Settlement

, 4–5, 44, 53

Shaheed Minar

, 203–204

Singapore citizenship

, 60–61

Skilled migrants

, 174, 176–177, 179

Skills

, 3, 87–88, 107–108, 120–121, 174, 187

Skinheads

, 200–201

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)

, 126

Smart plans

, 17

Social capital

, 177–178

policy reforms

, 174

Social choice

, 47–49

Social cohesion

, 178

Social embeddedness

, 58

Social isolation

, 4–5

Social knowledge

, 143

Social media

platforms

, 17–18

rumours

, 17

Social networks

, 16, 102, 165–166

Social participation of migrants

, 103

Social reality

, 163

Social science

, 159–160

Social scientist

, 154–155

Sociology of communicative action

, 145–146

Special Broadcasting Services (SBS)

, 174, 177

Spirit of globalisation

, 39–40

identity and settled communities in economics

, 40–44

‘migrants’ acculturation decision and socioeconomic adaptation

, 44–47

social choice and globalisation

, 47–49

Spitalfields Ward in Tower Hamletswas

, 204–205

St Mary’s Matfelon

, 203–204

Strangers

, 75

Structural embeddedness

, 59–60

Structure-conduct-performance approach (SCP approach)

, 137

Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA)

, 90

Taxpayers

, 125

Temporary visa holder migrants

, 179

Thematic analysis

, 104–105

Theorisation

, 155

Theory

, 123

Tower Hamlets Law Centre

, 202

Traditions

, 74–75

Training

, 1, 155–156

Transnational networks

, 60

UK

, 19–20, 83, 86, 89, 208

UK immigration laws

, 200–201

UK local economy

, 120

economic and social consequences of immigration

, 123–125

migration impact on local economy

, 126–127

migration trends and labour market

, 121–123

theoretical foundation

, 120–121

United Kingdom

, 19–20, 83, 86, 89, 208

United States

, 4, 20, 43, 119, 153–154

Violence

, 10

Voluntary immigrants

, 63

War

, 10

Weavers Trust Centre

, 204–205

Welfare

, 20, 125

Wells Fargo

, 24–25

White Australia Policy

, 173–175, 175–176

Women

, 24, 109, 115

migrants

, 87

Women’s post-migration narratives

conceptualising migrant women and entrepreneurial becoming

, 102–104

findings

, 105–114

methodology

, 104–105

Work–life balance

, 85, 109

‘respondents’ views on

, 93

World

, 1–2, 15

World war II

, 174–175, 203–204

YouGov study

, 20

YuvaBarta

, 202–203