Abraham Maslow

, 34

Academic inflation

, 95

Active leisure time behaviours

, 100

Acute stress

, 59

Adam Smith

, 75

Advertisers

, 80

Advertising

, 69, 81

Affluenza

, 72

Afghanistan

, 73

Africa

, 30, 50

Aggressive marketing

, 110

Agriculture

, 87–88

Air pollution

, 110–112

Alcohol

, 28

Alexander Fleming

, 129

Amazon

, 109

America

, 10, 14–15

American Airlines

, 89

Amsterdam

, 13

Anatole France

, 49

Antibiotics

, 34–35, 129

Anticipation

, 59–60

Antidepressants

, 34–35

Anxiety

, 79, 145–146

Artificial intelligence

, 89

Assets

, 34, 146

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

, 29

Austerity

, 133

Automation

, 86

Automobile

, 67

Bank of England

, 55–56, 72–73

Bariatric surgery

, 141

Barry Schwartz

, 71

Basic needs

, 1, 75

BBC documentary

, 29

Belonging

, 21

Bengal Famine of 1770

, 134

Bernie Sanders

, 49

Big companies

, 110

Big tech firms

, 42

Black Report

, 130–131

Blockbuster

, 91

Blue-collar jobs

, 90–91

Body mass index (BMI)

, 39–40, 139

Body weight

, 44–45

Boer War

, 128

Boris Johnson

, 2

Brexit

, 25

Calories

, 1–2, 14, 141–142

Canary in the coal mine

, 2, 21, 149

Capital

, 61–62

Capital accumulation

, 57

Capitalism

, 1, 15, 19

Capitalist economic system

, 68

Car companies

, 110

Car dependency

, 106–107, 113

Car tax system

, 107

Cardiovascular disease

, 12

Cars

, 77, 106

Catastrophic plagues

, 52

Change

, 63

Charles Booth

, 128

Child mortality rates

, 9

Child poverty

, 53

Childhood obesity

, 40

China

, 41, 134

Cholera

, 1, 129

Cigarettes

, 20, 43

Circular economy

, 116

Climate change

, 1–2, 115–116, 121

Climate science

, 118

Coca Cola

, 39

Cognitive skills

, 89

Collateral damage

, 5, 147

Collectivism

, 21, 149–150

Commodification

, 73

Commodity

, 77–78

Communicable diseases

, 1

Communication technology

, 72

Competition

, 4, 21, 96

Consolation spending

, 15, 79

Conspicuous consumption

, 68–69

Consumer society

, 24

Consumer spending

, 68, 99–100

Consumerism

, 52

Consumption

, 4–5

food

, 40

material

, 15

patterns

, 68

Containerisation

, 86

Control

, 60

Convenience

, 23

Corporations

, 4–5, 39

COVID-19

, 11

crisis

, 132–133

lockdown

, 108

pandemic

, 3, 22, 78–79

Credit

, 72–73

Crime

, 26, 50

Cuba

, 44

Cultural change

, 31

Culture

, 1, 140–141

Cycle

, 72–73

Cycling

, 44–45

David Foster Wallace

, 69

David Lloyd George

, 128

David Stuckler

, 133

De Beers company

, 70

Deaths of despair

, 21

Debt

, 24–25

Deficit model

, 34

Deindustrialisation

, 88, 90

Deliveroo

, 16

Demographic transition

, 11–12

Depression

, 24, 28–29, 34–35, 145–146

Diamond industry

, 70

Diet

, 39, 42

Digital poverty

, 53

Digital technologies

, 100

Dignity

, 75–76

Disability

, 15–16

Disease

, 53

of consumption

, 41

Displacement

, 86, 116

Disruption

, 26, 63

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

, 95

Double burden of malnutrition

, 45

Downshifting

, 36, 100

Driving

, 44–45

Drugs

, 32–35

Dutch hunger winter

, 134–135

East India Company

, 134

Ecological breakdown

, 116

Economic development

, 11

Economic growth

, 2–3, 11, 14, 36, 49–50, 147

Economic restructuring programmes

, 57

Economic system

, 21, 120

Economics

, 149

Economy

, 4, 62

Education

, 9–10, 55

Edward Bernays

, 69

Edward Jenner

, 129

Edwin Chadwick

, 127, 130

Elise Boulding

, 118

Ellen Langer

, 32

Emile Durkheim

, 24

Emissions

, 111

Emotional distress

, 43

Employment

, 55

Employment legislation

, 62–63

Engels pause

, 88

Environment

, 1, 138

Epidemics

, 61, 131

Epidemiological transition

, 11

Ernst Schumacher

, 19

Exercise

, 35

Exploitation

, 57

Externalities

, 16–17

Extrinsic values

, 80–81

Facebook

, 42

Failure demand

, 15, 17

Fast food

, 42–43

Fear of isolation

, 63

Financial crisis

, 56

Financial investments

, 55

Five ways to wellbeing

, 24, 65

Flooding

, 116

Food

, 39

Food choices

, 140–141

Food industry

, 42, 140–141

Food insecurity

, 45

Food manufacturers

, 140

Food portions

, 41

Food poverty

, 53

Food security

, 45

Food waste

, 45–46

Foresight report

, 40

‘Four horsemen’ of levelling

, 52

Friedrich Engels

, 132

Frugality

, 67

Fuel poverty

, 53

Gated communities

, 50–51

General adaptation syndrome

, 59–60

General practitioners (GPs)

, 27

Genuine Progress Indicator

, 20, 100–101

George Orwell

, 132

George Vaillant

, 23

Gertjan Vlieghe

, 55

Gig economy

, 62

Globalisation

, 41, 50, 61–62, 73, 90

Google

, 42

Gratitude

, 35

Great San Francisco earthquake

, 30

Great Smog

, 110–111

Green New Deal

, 116–117

Green space

, 4, 102

Greenhouse gas emissions

, 116

Gross domestic product (GDP)

, 11, 19–20, 32, 87, 98–99, 141, 148

drawbacks to

, 20

performance

, 26

problem with

, 20

Gross National Product

, 20

Growth rates

, 46

Guy Standing

, 90

Gym

, 35–36, 106

H1N1 pandemic

, 146

Habitat

, 50

Habits

, 143–144

Hans Selye

, 59–60

Happy Planet Index

, 20, 100–101

Harvard Study of Adult Development

, 23

Health

, 9, 17, 125, 139–140

Health and Safety at Work Act

, 88

Healthcare effect

, 133

Healthy foods

, 43–44

Healthy life expectancy

, 10–11

Hedonic treadmill

, 76–77

Henry Gadsden

, 29

Hermann Biggs

, 53

High-income countries

, 78–79, 119

Higher education

, 87–88, 94–95

Hippocrates

, 39, 105

History

, 29–30, 146

Homelessness

, 133

Housing

, 3, 116–117

Housing Act

, 128

Human capital

, 51

Human Development Index

, 20, 100–101

Human security

, 56

Human violence

, 13, 52

Humanistic psychology

, 34

Hygiene

, 53, 129

Hyper-consumption

, 15

Identity

, 32, 82

Ideology

, 138

Illness

, 29, 137

Immigration

, 61–62, 90

Impulsive

, 29

Incentives

, 97–98

Income

, 9–10, 76–77

Income inequality

, 4–5, 19, 50, 52, 91

Individual-based approach

, 139

Individualism

, 137

Industrial Revolution

, 126

Industrialised countries

, 14

Inequality

, 3

Infectious disease

, 3, 129

Innovation

, 54–55

Insecure

, 80

International Labour Organization

, 94

International Monetary Fund

, 57

Intrinsic values

, 96

Iyanla Vanzant

, 75

Jacques Peretti

, 29

Japan

, 56

Jay Walking

, 108

Jay Weiss

, 60

Jeffrey Pfeffer

, 91

Jeremy Bentham

, 134

Jerry Morris

, 105

Jobs

, 62, 87–88

John Henry Newman

, 96

John Rawls

, 54

John Snow

, 129

Joseph Bazalgette

, 127

Journaling

, 144–145

Justice

, 54

Karl Marx

, 76–77

Karoshi

, 94

Kate Pickett

, 51–52

Katherine Round

, 51–52

Kennedy, Robert

, 20

Kensington

, 10–11

Kevin Systrom

, 91

Knowledge

, 33

Knowledge-based economy

, 93, 98

Kodak

, 91

Kofi Annan

, 56

Land-use policies

, 107

Lawrence Durrell

, 125

Leisure time activity

, 99–100

Levi Strauss and Co

, 90

Liberal Government

, 128

Life expectancy

, 9–11, 22

Lifestyle

, 23

Linear economy

, 116

Liverpool

, 132–133

Living standards

, 11, 130

Lobbying

, 107–108

Local councils

, 107

London

, 86

London Sewers

, 127

Loneliness

, 22

Long-term sickness

, 15–16

Lower prices

, 87

Luxury

, 50

Machines

, 34, 62

Mahatma Gandhi

, 59

Malnutrition

, 14, 45

Manufacturing jobs

, 88

Mao Zedong

, 134

Margaret Thatcher

, 88, 150

Marketisation

, 16, 95

Martin Seligman

, 27, 35

Mass famines

, 14

Mass-mobilisation warfare

, 52

Material success

, 76, 83

Materialism

, 79

Matt Haig

, 80

McDonald’s

, 39

Medication

, 31

Mental health

, 99

Michael Marmot

, 61, 80

Michael Sandel

, 73

Mike Krieger

, 91

Milton Friedman

, 108

Mindfulness

, 32

Mixed-use neighbourhoods

, 107

Modernity

, 50

Money

, 2, 115, 120

Multinational corporations

, 39

Naomi Klein

, 89–90

National curriculum

, 33–34, 134

Neighbours

, 23–24

Nelson Mandela

, 147

Nestlé

, 45

Netflix

, 91

Nicholas Shaxson

, 25

Nitin Nohria

, 121

Noise pollution

, 4, 118

Non-communicable diseases

, 11–12

Non-economic activity

, 99

Obesity

, 1–2, 10, 40–43, 139

Occupational class

, 79

Office for National Statistics

, 87–88

Oil

, 126

Oil corporations

, 112

Oil prices

, 111

Old-Age Pensions Act

, 128

Oliver James

, 72

Overconsumption

, 141

Overeating

, 14

Overweight

, 40

Overwork

, 92

Oxfam

, 21, 25

Oxford Economics

, 87

Panama and Paradise Papers scandals

, 25

Pandemic

, 11

Paradox of choice

, 71

Parkrun

, 22

Paul Lawrence

, 121

Pedestrians

, 78, 134

Penicillin

, 129

Period poverty

, 53

Pfizer

, 32–33

Pharmaceutical industry

, 24–25, 29

Physical activity

, 44–45, 105

Physical inactivity

, 14, 97

Physical toll

, 17

Pierre Bourdieu

, 96

Play

, 101

Policy

, 42

Politics

, 129

Pollution

, 21

Population health

, 1

Population-wide approach

, 139

Portion size

, 41

Positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning and accomplishment model (PERMA model)

, 35

Positive psychology

, 35

Poverty

, 43, 53, 88–89, 132

Prader-Willi syndrome

, 78

Precarious work

, 16

Premature deaths

, 21

Prescription drugs

, 24–25, 27

Prevention

, 137

Primate communities

, 80

Privatisation

, 63, 102

Productivity

, 86, 98

Profit

, 15

Propaganda

, 69

Property

, 55

Prosperity

, 3, 42–43

Psychological disorders

, 24–25, 29

Psychological distress

, 15–16, 24, 27, 64

Psychological health

, 29–30

Psychological illness

, 28

Psychological toll

, 27

Psychological wellbeing

, 23

Public health

, 1–2, 53

Public Health Act

, 127

Public opinion

, 127

Public relations

, 69

Public services

, 4

Public spending

, 148

Public transport

, 4, 106

Quality of life

, 67

Quantitative easing

, 56

Recreation

, 26

Reflection

, 146

Regulations

, 140

Research

, 51

Resilience

, 65

Revolving door

, 139

Rich nation

, 4–5, 45

Richard Lazarus

, 59

Richard Louv

, 97

Richard Wilkinson

, 51–52

Risk averse

, 102

Risk thresholds

, 29

Road infrastructure

, 110

Road traffic accidents

, 109

Robert Kennedy

, 20

Robert Levine

, 23

Robert Putnam

, 23

Robert Sapolsky

, 30, 80

Robert Tressell

, 130

Roger Spitz

, 137

Ronald Reagan

, 88

Rudolph Virchow

, 129

San Francisco

, 30

Sanitation

, 11, 53

Sanjay Basu

, 133

Saskia Sassen

, 50

Saudi Aramco

, 112

School commute

, 102, 110

Screens

, 80–81, 83

Security

, 51

Sedatives

, 24–25

Seebohm Rowntree

, 128

Self-esteem

, 79

Self-interest

, 4, 19

Self-monitoring

, 144–145

Shit life syndrome

, 28

Shocks

, 60

Sigmund Freud

, 34, 69

Simon Kuznets

, 20

Simon Szreter

, 3

Skills

, 33

Skype

, 79

Slowing down

, 35

Social capital hypothesis

, 52

Social class

, 53–54

Social cohesion

, 51–52

Social comparison

, 76–77

Social deficit

, 23–24

Social determinants of health

, 4, 96, 128, 130, 132, 135

Social differentiation of neighbourhoods

, 126–127

Social disadvantage

, 27

Social disorder

, 24

Social gradient

, 61

Social hierarchies

, 81–82

Social interaction

, 64

Social isolation

, 26

Social marketing campaigns of multinational corporations

, 41–42

Social media

, 81

Social medicine

, 32

Social mixing

, 51–52

Social movements

, 62–63

Social murder

, 132

Social prescribing

, 32

Social progress

, 19–20

Social reform

, 26

Social relations

, 92

Social relationships

, 23–24

Social risk effect

, 133

Social standing

, 52

Social support

, 28

Socialise

, 4

Societal cost

, 103

Societal problems

, 15

Socioeconomic status

, 46

Softer skills

, 145

Soviet Union

, 134

Speeding

, 109

Spending

, 9–10

Sports utility vehicles (SUVs)

, 106

Starbucks

, 50

Starvation

, 9

State collapse

, 52

Status

, 15, 17, 22, 27, 36, 44, 52, 76, 80–83, 91, 96, 100, 119, 121

Status anxiety

, 51–52

Status games

, 79, 96, 119

Status insecurity

, 51–52

Status quo

, 78

Status syndrome

, 80

Steve Jobs

, 125

Steven Pinker

, 13

Sticking plaster approach

, 121

Stop de Kindermoord (stop the child murder) campaign

, 31

Stress

, 59–60, 79

Stress hormones

, 30–31, 80

Stress-responses

, 60

Stressors

, 59–60

Structural causes

, 24–25

Subsistence

, 24

Substance misuse

, 26

Success game

, 121

Suicides

, 23, 28

Survival

, 9–10

Sustainability

, 25

‘Take-make-waste’ approach

, 116

Tax cuts

, 4

Taxes

, 110

Technological advancements

, 85

Technological innovation

, 78–79

Technology

, 54–55

Television (TV)

, 4, 12, 20, 23, 72, 76, 96, 100, 103, 110, 130, 141

Temporal exhaustion

, 118

Tesco

, 86

‘The four Ds’

, 3

Therapy

, 34–35

Thomas Merton

, 9

Thorstein Veblen

, 68–69

Tim Jackson

, 75–76

Time

, 137

Time pressures

, 22, 99

Tobacco

, 12

‘Torches of Freedom’ campaign

, 69–70

Trade unions

, 62–63

Transformative revolutions

, 52

Transport

, 111

Transport poverty

, 53

Transportation

, 55

Treatment

, 15–16

Treatment approach

, 32–33

Tuberculosis

, 1

Twitter

, 42

Typhoid

, 1

Uber Eats

, 16

UK National Health Service (NHS)

, 15–16, 131, 138

Ultra-processed foods

, 41

UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

, 19

Uncertainty

, 63

Underwork

, 92

Unequal societies

, 51

Unhealthy food

, 39

Unhealthy products

, 39

United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

, 5

United Nations (UN)

, 56

United States (US)

, 9–10, 21

Universal basic income

, 91

Universities

, 94–95

Unproductive

, 95–96

Unsustainable debt

, 56

Urbanisation

, 11–12, 126, 128

Vance Packard

, 72

Veil of ignorance

, 54

Victorian era

, 106–107, 146

Violence

, 132

Volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity world (VUCA world)

, 63–64

Wages

, 55

Walking

, 44–45, 99, 105–106, 113

Walt Rostow

, 11

Walter Cannon

, 59

Walter Mischel

, 144

Walter Scheidel

, 52

Wasted time

, 68–69

Water

, 2, 53

Wealth

, 4

Wealth of Nations

, 75

Weight gain

, 41, 143

Weight loss surgery

, 141

Wellbeing

, 17, 34, 65

White-collar jobs

, 90–91

Whitehall studies

, 61

Will Storr

, 76, 81

William Beveridge

, 130–131

Winston Churchill

, 109

Workers

, 4–5, 109

Workplace

, 85

World Bank

, 57

World Health Organization

, 34, 40, 46, 94, 97