Prelims

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INTEGRATING GENDER IN AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT

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INTEGRATING GENDER IN AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT: LEARNINGS FROM SOUTH PACIFIC CONTEXTS

EDITED BY

LILA SINGH-PETERSON

University of the Sunshine Coast and the University of Queensland, Australia

MICHELLE CARNEGIE

University of New England, Australia

United Kingdom – North America – Japan – India – Malaysia – China

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Emerald Publishing Limited

Howard House, Wagon Lane, Bingley BD16 1WA, UK

First edition 2020

Copyright © 2020 Emerald Publishing Limited

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ISBN: 978-1-78973-056-2 (Print)

ISBN: 978-1-78973-055-5 (Online)

ISBN: 978-1-78973-057-9 (EPub)

List of Figures

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About the Contributors

Cherise Addinsall holds a PhD from Southern Cross University (Lismore) and has been researching and supervising in sustainable livelihoods (and enhancing the livelihoods of women and marginalised people) in Australia and the South Pacific with a particular focus on supporting sustainable development activities in tourism, agriculture and conservation.

R. Michael (‘Mike’) Bourke is a Specialist in Papua New Guinea (PNG) and Pacific Island agriculture. He has been continuously involved in research, training, consulting and development in PNG and other Pacific Island countries since 1970. He co-edited the definitive book, Food and Agriculture in Papua New Guinea.

Veronica Bue is a Senior Lecturer in the agriculture department at the PNG University of Technology. She specialises in agriculture extension and her research focuses on innovations uptake by farmers and impact assessments, household food security and smallholder livelihoods.

Michelle Carnegie is a Research Fellow at the University of New England, Australia. She specialises in gender, rural livelihoods and diverse/community economies approaches and has worked in the Solomon Islands, Fiji, PNG, Samoa, Indonesia and Myanmar. Michelle holds a PhD in Human Geography from the Australian National University.

John Connell is a Professor of Human Geography at the University of Sydney. His principal research interests concern political, economic and social development in in the South Pacific and in other small island states. Much of this research is currently oriented to issues of rural development, migration and urbanisation, and presently focuses on coral atolls and climate change. He has written Islands at Risk (2013) and more recently written, with Chris Gibson, Outback Elvis (New South, 2017) and edited both Change and Continuity in the Pacific (with Helen Lee, Routledge, 2018) and Food Security in Small Island States (with Kirsten Lowitt, Springer, 2010).

Owen Hughes is an Agricultural Development Specialist who has worked in many countries in the Pacific, Africa and Asia. He commenced his career in PNG, then worked in the UN system for 30 years. He is currently the Co-lead of the Community Livelihood Improvement Project, PNG LNG Project.

Matthew’wela B. Kanua is an Agricultural Specialist with over 20 years’ experience in research, development and administration in Papua New Guinea. He was formerly Secretary of the PNG Department of Agriculture. Together with Mike Bourke and others, he wrote Assessing Village Food Needs following a Natural Disaster in Papua New Guinea.

Luhia Kanumi (Louna) Hamani has practised as a Legal and Documentation Officer for 16 years. Following this, Louna has worked closely with her local Community Women’s Development Group in Tonga. She has held roles in Tonga as a project officer on rural development projects with GIZ, SPC and more recently with the University of the Sunshine Coast.

Joanne Lee Kunatuba has over 12 years of regional gender mainstreaming experience. Joanne has worked extensively over the past three years on gender and fisheries issues in the Pacific through the Pacific Community (SPC), where she is currently the Gender Equality Officer. She has a Masters Degree in Development Studies and Bachelor of Arts Degree majoring in Sociology from the University of the South Pacific.

Ana Laqeretabua holds a Masters in Gender, Culture & Development from the United Kingdom and has worked extensively in the Pacific region in gender mainstreaming for over a decade. Ana runs her own development consultancy based in Suva, Fiji.

Antoinette Nasse completed South Pacific Form 7 Certificates to gain experience in the telecommunication company and is now employed by the Department of Industry as a Bisnis Blong Buluk Project Officer in Luganville Santo, Vanuatu.

Norah Rihai is a Masters Graduate from the University of Queensland, and currently working at the Vanuatu Agriculture College in Santo, Vanuatu.

Syeda Samira Saif is MDF Director for Quality & Inclusion. She has 10 years of work experience in the field of market systems development, managing results measurement systems and women’s economic empowerment across private sector development programs. She holds a Masters of Science degree in Development Management focusing on Economic Development Policy.

Lila Singh-Peterson is a Researcher and International Social Science Consultant who has conducted research for the Australian government and United Nations Food and Agricultural Organisation. Lila has led and contributed to community development and research-for-development projects across the South Pacific in Fiji, Samoa, Tonga and the Solomon Islands. Lila’s primary research focus centres on sustainable rural development, social inequality, community resilience and food security.

Agnes Siune has taught life skills in technical colleges in PNG. She is a specialist in gender-based violence, as well as cooking, health and hygiene. Prior to joining the Community Livelihood Improvement Project, PNG LNG Project, as a Livelihood Specialist, she was engaged in projects which addressed gender-based violence.

Ulusapeti Tiitii has over 18 years of experience working with the Fisheries Division, Ministry of Agriculture, Samoa. Ulusapeti has coordinated a number of Fisheries Projects including the “Gender Analysis on Fisheries Aquaculture in Samoa” in 2017 as a component of the Community-based Tilapia aquaculture project. She has a bachelor of Applied Science from Southern Cross University, Australia, and is currently undertaking a Masters of Science at the University of the Sunshine Coast, Australia.

Temaleti Tano Moala, is currently working as a Monitoring and Evaluation Officer with Tonga Health. Previously Tema has worked with several non- government organisations, most recently with MORDI Tonga Trust on community development projects. Tema has extensive experience in rural Tonga as a project manager, workshop facilitator, translator and research assistant.

Shirley Tombenna trained as a Teacher and taught in high schools in the Papua New Guinea Highlands prior to joining the Community Livelihood Improvement team on the PNG LNG project. She is a specialist in life skills, including cooking, nutrition and hygiene.

Barbara Pamphilon is a Professor of Community Learning and Development at the University of Canberra. She specialises in collaborative and appreciative action research with a focus on the development of activities for women and men with low literacy.

Marilyn T. J. Vilisoni is a Quality and Inclusion Specialist for MDF, Fiji. She has 4.5 years’ experience working in private sector development on monitoring and measurement systems for projects in tourism, aquaculture, agriculture and urban-based processing for export markets. She has a Master of Science in Marine Science.

Ajla Vilogorac is a Quality & Inclusion Adviser for MDF Fiji, and holds an advanced degree in Human Rights and Democracy. Her work focuses on ensuring women’s economic empowerment is considered from planning to monitoring phases, and overseeing report quality assurance. She is interested in migration and gender rights.

Fredah Wantum worked at the Baptist Union of PNG as the Highlands Hub Leader of the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research. She is now continuing this work through the Pacific Women Shaping Pacific Development’s Women and Extractive project.

Acknowledgements

Lila Singh-Peterson

There are many moments that combine to produce an edited book. For each of these moments, there are numerous people to acknowledge, and thank for the contribution they have made to this shared body of work. Firstly, I would like to extend my gratitude to each of the authors, some colleagues from previous research endeavours, and others new. A big thank you to Professor Barbara Pamphilon for your unwavering guidance and support, from the initial conversations in which the book was conceived, to the day it was submitted. Thank you also to my colleagues at the University of Queensland (UQ). In particular, my heartfelt thanks to Emeritus Professor Geoffrey Lawrence and Mr Bill Beach for supporting our Crawford Fund grant proposal, and for making resources available for the three-day international workshop. Much gratitude to the many UQ staff who assisted with the workshop organisation and administration. Thanks to Professor Bob Lawn from the Queensland Chapter of the Crawford Fund and the Queensland Committee for allocating an International Engagement Award to this endeavour. Finally, thank you to Jen McCall and others at Emerald for all that you have done.

Michelle Carnegie

I gratefully acknowledge the work of each of the contributors in compiling their chapters for this book. I also acknowledge the generosity of the Crawford Fund for an International Engagement Award to convene a Writing and Knowledge Sharing Workshop in Brisbane with at least one author of each book chapter. Special thanks to Bob Lawn at the Crawford Fund's Queensland State Committee, and Geoffrey Lawrence and Bill Beach at the University of Queensland for lending their support to the Award.

Lastly, I express my sincere and deep thanks to Jen McCall and Rachel Ward at Emerald Publishing for their understanding, patience and professionalism; and to Barbara Pamphilon at the University of Canberra for her unstinting support and encouragement, especially in the process of bringing this book to completion. Without them, the book would never have been published.