Adarsh Gram Yojana programme (Government of India)

, 106

AgriChemWay

, 21

Agriculture 2.0

, 85

Agriculture 3.0

, 85

Agriculture 4.0

, 85

Agriculture and food production

challenges with

, 84–85

climate change

, 84–85

EU agri-food sector

, 84

EU code of conduct on agricultural data sharing

, 92

precision agriculture (PA)/farming (PF)

, 85–90

bottlenecks

, 91–92

examples

, 87–88

forestry

, 88

importance to smart villages

, 90–92

precision livestock farming (PLF)

, 88–90

rate of technology uptake by farming community

, 84, 85, 88–90

future trends

, 90

technological transformation and

, 93

Bioeconomy

, 24

Bioenergy Villages project

, 103

Bled Declaration, 2018

, 2–3, 15, 52, 128, 158

Broadband infrastructure

, 77

Clean energy driven smart villages

, 105–106

Clean energy technologies, development of

IT skills and

, 104–105

rural high-speed internet links and

, 104

Cohesion policy

, 2–3, 19–20

Committee of Regions (CoR)

, 13

Common Agricultural Policy (CAP)

, 2–3, 14, 16–19, 94, 141, 173–174

Community-Led Local Development (CLLD)

, 128

Community-led Local Development (CLLD) approach

, 64

Connectivity

, 30

Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) Research Program on Climate Change

, 158

Cork 2.0 Declaration 2016

, 2–3, 8, 14, 15, 21, 25, 51–52, 128

COWOCAT project

, 76

Depopulating villages

, 1–2, 67

Fouskari

, xv

Greek villages in Peloponnese

, 3

Digital economy

, 76–77

Digitalisation of smart villages

, 104–105

Digitalization of cities

, 14–15

Digital Single Market

, 16, 94–95

Eigg Heritage Trust project

, 118–119

Embeddedness

, 30

ESPON 2020 Cooperation Programme

, 128

‘EU Action for Smart Villages’

, 15–16, 63

EU agricultural and food production sectors

, 84

EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)

, 92

EU policies for rural areas, improving coherence of

, 21–22

EU policies for smart villages

challenges for implementation at local level

, 40–43

access to institutions

, 42

technical infrastructure

, 42

use of resources

, 42–43

cohesion policy

, 19–20

Common Agricultural Policy (CAP)

, 17–19

context and definition

, 37–40

research and innovation

, 20–21

Digital Innovation Hubs

, 20

LIAISON

, 20

LIVREUR

, 20

ROBUST

, 20

RUBIZMO

, 20

RURACTION

, 20

SIMRA

, 20

European Commission

, 2–3

on barriers to adopt digital technologies

, 94–95

Basic Payment Scheme (BPS) applications

, 91

on broadband coverage in Europe

, 91

General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)

, 92

long-term climate vision for 2050

, 85

Mobile Agricultural Robot Swarms (MARS) experiment

, 90

new Skills Agenda for Europe

, 95–96

‘The Internet of Food and Farm 2020’ project

, 89

European Economic and Social Committee (EESC)

, 14

European Innovation Partnership (EIP-AGRI)

, 18, 21, 24–25, 72–73, 94

European Network for Rural Development (ENRD)

, 13–14, 15, 21, 24–25, 118

European Union

, 1

Clean Energy Package

, 105–106

development of rural high-speed internet links

, 104

differences between the rural and urban territories

, 50

funding for non-agricultural activities

, 13

population living in rural and urban areas

, 49–50

Eurostat

, 49–50

EU strategy of technological transformation

, 95

Gandhi, Mahatma

, 158

Ghat Heritage Village

, 164

Green Revolution

, 85

Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries

, 155–156, 174–175

digital government models

, 162–163

National Transformation Plans

, 161–162

population distribution and estimation (2018-2030)

, 160, 161

smart village initiatives

, 164–166

transformational context

, 159–164

Habala Villages

, 164

Horizon Europe

, 24–25

Howard, Ebenezer

, 55

Hungarian ‘grandma application,’

, 120

Hydra Village

, 164

‘I can do this for you’ philosophy

, 9

IEEE Smart Village

, 128

Information and communication technology (ICT)

, 3–4, 7, 49, 50, 55, 85, 149–150, 165–166, 174–175

advances in

, 174

Innovations

, 31, 41

small- and middle-sized enterprises (SMEs), role of

, 114

International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)

, 158

Korea

, 174–175

agricultural and rural investment plans in

, 144

agricultural policy in

, 139–140, 143

agricultural sector in

, 139

block grant system

, 145–148

Comprehensive Rural Village Development Program (CRVDP)

, 145

rural policy

, 140–141, 142–143

rural spaces in

, 139

rural tourism

, 144, 145

rural tourism policy in

, 148

rural tourism programs in

, 146–147

6th industrialization

, 149

smart farming

, 149–150

Smart Village Project in

, 143–148

LEADER approach to smartness

, 63–65, 68, 128

budget

, 73

common features shared

, 68

innovation

, 72–73

integrated development

, 70–71

partnership and community empowerment

, 71

place-based approach

, 69–70

distinctive characteristics between smart villages and LEADER

, 69

geographical scope

, 73

local actions groups (LAGs), role of

, 71, 72–73, 78, 79

modern rural development policy paradigm and

, 65–68

opportunities for sustainable development

, 68

potential role of LEADER

, 73–77

as animator and facilitator of community processes

, 74–75

as enabler for transition

, 76–77

as laboratory of innovation for a transitional change

, 75

role in digitization

, 76–77

supporting scaling-up of initiatives through cooperation

, 75–76

regulatory barriers in

, 78–79

LEADER Local Action Groups

, 24

Masqat

, 162–163

Mobile Agricultural Robot Swarms (MARS)

, 90

Nanotechnology

, 90

National Strategy for Inner Areas, Italy

, 67

NEOM project

, 163–164

Paris Agreement

, 100, 101

Plan for Rural Digitisation, Finland

, 67

Power technologies for smart villages

, 102–104

biogas

, 102–103

biomass

, 103–104

wind and solar thermal

, 104

Regional Policy

, 2–3

Relatedness

, 30

Resilience

, 50–51

Revitalization

, 10

Rezo Pouce project

, 76

Rijal Almaa Village

, 164

Rural development

, 31

concepts

endogenous approach

, 33–35

evolution of policies

, 36–37

mixed exogenous/endogenous approach

, 35

neo-endogenous approach

, 35

policy

, 37

EU

, 37–38

role of agriculture

, 83–85

Rural proofing

, 21–22, 25

San-Car

, 120

Saudi National Space Strategy (2030)

, 164

Saudi National Transformation Program 2020 and Vision 2030

, 159

Saudi ‘Smart City’ initiative

, 163–164

Service hubs in rural Flanders

, 119

Slovenia

Blatna Brezovica

, 131

concept of smart village

, 128–129

Distributed Hotel Konjice

, 130

FabLab Network

, 132–134

Hotel of Good Teran

, 131

innovation

, 132–133

landscape of

, 129

Ljubljana

, 129

mobility services

, 131–132

projects Agrotur I and Agrotur II

, 131

rural areas

challenges of

, 127

problems of

, 125–127

SaMBA

, 131–132

smart rural development in

, 125, 133

tourism

, 129–131

village Padna

, 130–131

Smalland medium-sized enterprises (SME)

, 9

Small- and middle-sized enterprises (SMEs)

, 111

ability to develop smart solutions

, 119–120

components of intelligent or smart solutions

, 116–117

connection between smart villages and

, 111

effectiveness of

, 112

project examples

, 118–119

role in European economies

, 112–114

role in innovation

, 114

role in sustainability

, 114–115

rural

, 112

smart solutions for

, 115

sources of financing for

, 117–118

Smart cities

, 156–159

Smart Dubai initiative

, 162–163

Smart Eco Social Villages

, 15

Smart Fab Village

, 133–134

‘Smart’ food production processes

, 90–92

Smartness of a settlement

, 14

Smart rural development

, 31

implementation of

, 31

notion of innovativeness

, 31–32

Smart Specialisation under Cohesion policy

, 16

Smart strategies for smart villages

, 52–53

methodology for design of

, 53–59

actors involved in process

, 54–55

coherent structure of government and territory

, 58

commitment to social cohesion and development

, 58

connections with other rural areas and cities

, 58–59

environmental sensitivity and responsibility

, 57–58

first step in defining

, 56–59

garden city model

, 55, 56

theoretical framework

, 55–56

work and innovation

, 58

Smart Village Model

, 51–52

Smart villages

, 1

advantages of

, 56

benefits of living in

, 57

challenges and corresponding actions

, 2

definition of

, 38–39, 111

EU policies for

, 14–16

European Commission definition

, 3

European policy discussions

, 14

five avenues of

communication

, 24

innovation

, 24–25

integration

, 23

rural proofing

, 25

simplification

, 23–24

implementation under integrated rural development framework

, 67

importance of

, 4–5

as a policy objective

, 13–14

rationale behind

, 1–2

relevance

, 2–4

three pillars

, 3–4

Smart Villages Portal

, 15, 118

Solar power

, 8–9, 99–100

Solar-powered smart villages

, 100–102

digital nature of solar power

, 102, 104–105

rationale for

, 101

roof panels for

, 101–102

State of Kuwait Vision 2035 (KUWAIT-2035)

, 162

State of Qatar Vision 2030 (QATAR-2030)

, 162, 163

Sultanate of Oman Vision 2020 (OMAN-2020)

, 162, 163

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

, 65, 100, 157, 164

Sustainable Smart cities (SSC)

, 155, 162–163

Thematic group (TG) on Smart Villages

, 38, 40

Thematic Working Group

, 15

“Three magnets” theory

, 55, 56

Toolkit for the development of Smart Green Villages, Rwanda

, 106

“The 25 Most Innovative AgTech Startups in 2018,”

, 120

UAE Vision 2021 (UAE-2021)

, 162

Venhorst Declaration, 2017

, 22

Village angels

, 115–116

‘WAB’ initiative

, 77