Preparation and characterisation of wheat straw/polystyrene (PS) composite

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present a manufacturing process for wheat straw/polystyrene (PS) composite that can be expected to be a significant contribution to making effective use of agricultural residues, protecting the environment and water resources, resolving conflicts among the needs of humans, the resource base, and the environment, and establishing a society based on sustainable development.

Design/methodology/approach

Wheat straw and recycled PS were mixed at an ambient temperature and then hot‐pressed to prepare wheat straw/recycled PS composite, and the optimal processing factors for preparing the composite were investigated.

Findings

It was found that adding PS can reduce the quantity of diphenyl methane diisocyanate (MDI) needed and the manufacturing cost of the wheat straw/PS composite. The optimal process parameters are as follows: hot‐pressing cycle time – 7 min; temperature – 190°C, PS percentage – 35 per cent; coupling‐agent content – 3.5 per cent; and density – 0.60 or 0.65 g/cm³.

Research limitations/implications

PS is a nonpolar material and wheat straw is a polar material, which makes them difficult to bond together. MDI had been found to be an effective coupling agent to improve bond strength, but was expensive.

Practical implications

The wheat straw/PS composite can be used for interior decoration and furniture manufacture. In the future, it could also be used in construction if its performance is improved.

Originality/value

Wheat straw particleboard can be made with wheat straw and recycled PS, and the mechanical properties of the board meet the Chinese National Standard.

Citation

Xu, M., Li, J., Cao, J. and Wang, Q. (2009), "Preparation and characterisation of wheat straw/polystyrene (PS) composite", Pigment & Resin Technology, Vol. 38 No. 3, pp. 174-180. https://doi.org/10.1108/03699420910957033