Accidents

, 12, 44–47

Action

, 14

‘All hazards’ model

, 32–33

Ambiguous authority

, 39–40

Amman bombing (2005)

, 4, 48–49, 55, 79

on hotels

, 58–61

Arab level of GDCD

, 44

Arab Revolution (2010)

, 4, 88

Arab Spring Revolution (2011)

, 48, 55, 57–58, 79

Armed conflict

, 4

Army

, 65

Arsons

, 4

Assessment

in disaster planning

, 14

hazard assessment by Jordanian HCCD

, 46–47

un-integrated performance

, 42

Awareness

, 44, 67, 82–83, 86, 89

public

, 46–47, 86

of security and public safety

, 73

security

, 43

situational

, 39, 41

Bali bombing (2002)

, 4

Bifurcation

, 19–20

Bird flu (2001)

, 4, 13

Business disasters

, 13

Butterfly effect

, 18–19

Canadian Dictionary (1998)

, 9

Catastrophic events

, 7

Central Intelligence Department (CID)

, 64, 83

Chaos, command and control (Triple C’s)

, 26

Chaos and rumour

, 42

Chaos theory

, 18, 55

bifurcation and cosmology

, 19–20

edge of chaos

, 18–19

self-organisation and strange attractors

, 20–21

Chernobyl reactor meltdown

, 11

Civil Defence

, 65, 75, 83

Civil defence law (1999)

, 46

Climate change

, 10

Cobra disaster (type)

, 12–13

Cogent factor

, 85

Communication

, 38–39, 41–42, 87

Community

, 11–12

Compensatory Disaster Management

, 23

Conceptual contribution

, 89

Consumer Price Index

, 53

Continuity

, 26

Continuous planning

, 86

Cooperation

, 26

Coordination

, 26, 35, 39, 41

Cosmology

, 19–21

Counterterrorism

, 40–41

Crew Resource Management (CRM)

, 41

Crises

, 8–10, 19, 31, 57, 70, 83–84, 86

Crisis Management Team (CMT)

, 63

Crisis Response Plan (CRP)

, 63

Crisis Response Team (CRT)

, 63

Critical Incident Stress Debriefing (CISD)

, 43

Dead Sea Rift Valley

, 44

Decision-making

, 39, 41, 87

Dirty twelve

, 38

ambiguous authority

, 39–40

chaos and rumour

, 42

in charge

, 40

counterterrorism vs. hazards response

, 40–41

disaster mental health professionals

, 43

lack of efficient communication

, 38–39

lack of training

, 41

learning lessons

, 41

personal and community preparedness

, 42–43

poor coordination plans

, 39

social factors

, 42

un-integrated performance assessment

, 42

Disaster management

, 7

barriers

, 36

chaos theory

, 18–21

disaster and emergency management in Jordan

, 43–47

disaster preparation, proactive and reactive responses

, 23–24

disasters and emergencies affecting Jordan

, 48–54

dozen failures in planning

, 38–43

economic barriers and facilitators

, 37

emergency organizations collaboration

, 35–36

emergency planning and preparedness in hotel industry

, 24–29

emergency preparedness framework for hotels

, 15

four-phase emergency management

, 18

hazard mitigation as central planning function

, 31–32

hospitality disasters and impacts on industries

, 16–17

Hyogo disaster reduction framework

, 21–23

inclusive management in emergency planning

, 33–34

individual perception barriers and facilitators

, 38

institutional barriers and facilitators

, 37–38

models and theories

, 13

planning for ‘all hazards’

, 32–33

preparedness

, 29–31

4Rs

, 14

social barriers

, 37

Disaster risk reduction (DRR)

, 22

Disasters

, 1, 2, 4, 8–12, 19–20, 84

affecting Jordanian hotels

, 55–63, 79–80

combat plans

, 81

disaster-linked events

, 3

diverse range of

, 91

effects on hotel industry

, 55

evolution

, 7–8

impact in disaster planning

, 14

management

, 73–74, 84, 91–92

mental health professionals

, 43

planning constraints

, 84–86

planning procedures

, 82

preparation

, 23–24

preparedness model

, 24

prevention

, 87

typology

, 12–13

Disruptions

, 7, 18–19

Dominant model

, 26

Double Tourist Plan (DTP)

, 35–36

Earthquakes

, 4, 7

Economics

, 2, 9

barriers and facilitators

, 37

global economic crisis

, 88

El Nino events

, 7

Emergency

, 9, 65–66, 91–92

affecting Jordanian hotels

, 55–63, 79–80

disaster and

, 10–11

and disaster management

, 86

diverse range of

, 91

effects on hotel industry

, 55

organizations collaboration

, 35–36

phase of disaster life cycle

, 19

planning constraints

, 84–86

planning in hotel industry

, 24–29

planning procedures

, 82

preparedness framework for hotels

, 15

preparedness in hotel industry

, 24–29

prevention

, 87

Emergency management

, 1, 3, 7, 19–20, 73–74

in Jordan

, 43–47

plan

, 38

Emergency Management Accreditation Program (EMAP)

, 41

Emergency planning and preparedness

, 2, 87

constraints

, 69–72

before emergency

, 81–82

during emergency

, 82–83

after emergency

, 83–84

in hotel industry

, 24–29

Employees

, 82, 86–87

lack of knowledge

, 85

Epidemics

, 4

European Environmental Agency (EEA)

, 9

Evaluation phase

, 2

External disasters

, 79

External hazards

, 3

Facilitators

economic barriers and

, 37

institutional barriers and

, 37–38

Famines

, 7

Faux pas

, 12

Federal Emergency Management Agency (1983)

, 9

Financial assistance

, 87

Financial constraints

, 85

First Gulf War (1980–1988)

, 58–59

Five-star hotels

, 63

Floods

, 7

flash

, 4

water

, 79

Food and Drug Administration

, 75

Formulation phase

, 2

Four-star hotel respondent

, 67

General Directorate of Civil Defence (GDCD)

, 44

General Intelligence Department (GID)

, 64, 75, 83

Generalization problem of case study research output

, 92

Geological researchers

, 9

Global financial crisis (2007–2010)

, 49–50, 55–56, 61, 79

Global Platform

, 22–23

Government role in disaster and emergency

, 91

Great Recession

, 49

Greater Amman Municipality

, 65

Gross domestic product (GDP)

, 85

Gulf War (1991)

, 53, 58

H1N1 diseases (periodic disasters)

, 13

Haiti earthquake (2010)

, 7, 40

Hazards

, 1, 88

assessment by Jordanian HCCD

, 46–47

internal

, 3

mitigation

, 31–32, 43–44

response

, 40–41

HCCD

, 46, 63, 83

budget for disaster risk reduction

, 45

guide for hazard assessment by Jordanian

, 46–47

membership

, 47

Hospitality

disaster management

, 28

environment

, 36

industry

, 1, 50, 92

managers

, 27

organizations

, 24

studies

, 9

Hotel disaster and emergency planning and preparedness

, 63

during emergency

, 65–66

post emergency

, 67–69

standard procedures and regulations

, 63–65

Hotel industry

, 4

disasters and emergencies effects on

, 55

emergency planning and preparedness in

, 24–29

Hotel industry disaster

, 80

emergency planning and preparedness after emergency

, 83–84

emergency planning and preparedness before emergency

, 81–82

emergency planning and preparedness during emergency

, 82–83

Hotels

, 2

for future emergencies

, 74–78

learning lessons for hotels future emergencies

, 87

restoring hotels from emergency

, 84

Human-induced disaster

, 22

Human-induced emergencies

, 56, 88

Human-made disasters

, 3, 59

Human-made emergencies

, 80

Hurricane Katrina (2005)

, 4, 28

Hyogo Declaration

, 22

Hyogo disaster reduction framework

, 21–23

Hyogo’s framework of action

, 81

Implementation phase

, 2

In-house training courses

, 82

Inclusive management

, 73

in emergency planning

, 33–34

Indian Ocean earthquake (2004)

, 7

Individual perception barriers and facilitators

, 38

Informational way

, 34

Institutional barriers and facilitators

, 37–38

Integrated emergency management system (IEMS)

, 1

Inter-agency collaboration

, 73

Interagency communications

, 87

InterContinental hotel fire outbreak (1992)

, 79

InterContinental Hotel Group (IHG)

, 63

Internal hazards

, 3

International Association of Emergency Managers (IAEM)

, 41

International Civil Defence Directory of General Directorate of Civil Defence

, 44

International Committee of Red Cross (ICRC)

, 23

International level of GDCD

, 44

International networking and collaboration

, 92

International tourism receipts

, 4

Internet

, 48

Intra-agency collaboration

, 73

Iraq wars (1980, 1991, 2003)

, 4, 53–55, 59, 79

Iraq–Iran War (1980–1988)

, 58

Isolated incidents in hotels

, 62–63

Job description

, 92

Jordan

, 4

Amman Bombings (2005)

, 48–49

Arab spring revolution

, 48

disaster and emergency management in

, 43

disasters and emergencies affecting

, 48

GDCD

, 44

global financial crisis

, 49–50

hazard assessment by Jordanian HCCD

, 46–47

HCCD budget for disaster risk reduction

, 45

inflation rate

, 53

Iraq wars (1980, 1991, 2003)

, 53–54

Libyan Patient’s profile (2012)

, 52

natural disasters

, 50–52

as safe destination

, 80

September 11 terrorist attack

, 54

Jordan Hotel Association

, 63–64, 75

Jordan Meteorological Department

, 81

Jordan Tourism Board

, 74

Jordanian Dinars (JD)

, 52

Jordanian hospitality industry

, 2, 5

Jordanian hotels, disasters and emergencies affecting

, 55, 79–80

Amman Bombings in 2005 on hotels

, 58–61

Arab Spring Revolution and regional political disturbances

, 57–58

global financial crisis

, 56

isolated incidents in hotels

, 62–63

natural disasters on hotels

, 61–62

September 11 and global financial crisis

, 61

Jordan–Iraq trade relationship

, 53

Kashmir earthquake (2005)

, 7

Leadership

, 34, 41

Libyan Patient’s profile (2012)

, 52

Libyan profile

, 88

Local level of GDCD

, 44

London bombing (2005)

, 4

Lower-rated star hotels

, 63

Management

, 84–87

Managers’ role in disasters and emergencies

, 86–87

Marketing

activities

, 84

strategies

, 87

Media

, 42, 45–46, 73

coverage of disasters

, 50

relation

, 74, 87

Medical science

, 2

Meteorological Department

, 81

Methodological contribution

, 89–90

Michigan Emergency Management Division

, 9

Middle East revolution

, 85

Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources

, 81

Ministry of Labour

, 75

Ministry of Tourism

, 65, 74–75, 83

Mobilization

, 14

National Platforms

, 22–23

Natural disasters

, 1, 3, 22, 50–52, 56, 79

on hotels

, 61–62

Natural emergency

, 88

Natural science

, 9

Non-government organizations (NGOs)

, 45, 47, 65, 73–74, 81, 87–88, 91–92

Non-structural mitigation

, 32

Okeechobee Hurricane (1928)

, 42

Organizational culture of training, retraining and learning

, 90–91

Periodic disasters

, 13

Personal and community preparedness

, 42–43

Plan Safety Standard (PSS)

, 63

Planned evaluation

, 86

Policy contribution

, 89

Policymakers

, 90

Political disturbances

, 79

Political science

, 2, 9

Post emergency

, 67–69

Post-crisis reflective process

, 19

Post-emergency stage

, 83–84

Practitioners

, 3–4, 36, 41

Pre-emergency plans

, 81

Pre-event planning

, 87

Precursors

, 14

Preparedness

, 29–31

cycle

, 25

disaster preparedness model

, 24

level of government and non-government organizations

, 92

model

, 24

personal and community

, 42–43

see also Emergency planning and preparedness; Hotel disaster and emergency planning and preparedness

Prevention, Planning, Response, Recovery approach (PPRR approach)

, 32

Preventive planning

, 87

Proactive management

, 85

Proactive response

, 23–24

Proactive strategies

, 1–2

Problem-solving model

, 26

Prospective Disaster Management

, 23

Public awareness enhancement

, 86

Push-and-pull effect

, 39–40

Python disaster (type)

, 12–13

Radio communication frequency interference

, 39

Reactive response

, 23–24

Reactive strategies

, 1–2

Reassessment

, 14

Reconstruction

, 14

Recovery

, 14

in disaster planning

, 14

model

, 24

Reduction, readiness, response and recovery (4Rs)

, 14

Regional political disturbances

, 57–58

Research time dimension

, 92

Researchers

, 36

Respondents

, 85

Response model

, 24

Review

, 14

Revolutionary enthusiasm

, 48

Risk

, 1, 3, 88

assessment model

, 36

management processes

, 29

Rumour

, 42

Second Gulf War (1990)

, 58–59

Second Iraqi War (2003)

, 58

Self-organisation

, 18, 20–21

September 11 terrorist attack (2001)

, 54–55, 61

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)

, 4, 13, 27

Sichuan earthquake in China (2008)

, 7

Situational awareness

, 39, 41

Snow storm (2013)

, 79

Social barriers

, 37

Social factors

, 42

chaos and rumour

, 42

disaster mental health professionals

, 43

personal and community preparedness

, 42–43

Social science

, 2

SOWT analysis

, 66

Spring Revolution

, 83

Stakeholders

, 40, 89

stakeholder-derived objectives

, 25

tourism

, 50–51, 81

ultimate cooperation and collaboration

, 91

Strange attractors

, 20–21

Structural mitigation

, 32

Tahrir Square

, 48

Terrorism

, 12

Terrorist

attacks

, 1, 4, 88

bombings

, 11

Tourism

, 80, 85

disaster management model

, 14–15

industry

, 2, 14, 50

stakeholders

, 50–51, 81

Training

, 82, 84

and education

, 85

Transgressions

, 12

Trauma

, 9

Tsunami (2004)

, 4, 7

Asian tsunami

, 39–40

Tunisian revolt

, 48

Un-integrated performance assessment

, 42

UNESCO

, 44

United Nations (UN)

, 27–28

United Nations Development Programme

, 4

Upgrading security systems

, 84

Vulnerability

, 3–4, 15, 23, 32, 45

to hazards

, 1

of tourism industry

, 88

Warning in disaster planning

, 14

Water floods

, 79

World Conference on Disaster Reduction (2005)

, 22

World Trade Centre

, 61

Yokohama Conference (1994)

, 22